An Islamic Perspective towards Philosophy of Education

Introduction

Philosophy is the study of the real world, the search for wisdom, and reflection on universal life principles. It is concerned with the conceptual and practical search for eternal truth. Epistemology, Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Ethics, and History are the five research areas. Logic, both inductive and deductive, is the instrument that philosophy uses to uncover realities or the truth. Epistemology lends strength to the educational philosophy subfield of general philosophy. It determines the goals and content of education, which have an impact on society, the learning environment as a whole, and future generations.

The general principles of psychology, sociology, politics, economics, history, science, and religion serve as the foundation for education philosophy. The phenomenon of education is dualistic; It is both static and dynamic. The majority of the population is either dynamic or provisional, and it adapts to changes in knowledge, social structure, and civilization. On the other hand, a small but crucial portion is fixed or eternal. We proposed that while a significant portion of education's content is dynamic, its application and explanation are eternal. We assumed a multidisciplinary approach to educational topics. The analysis considers the cultural, social, and vocational goals of education as well as the needs of individuals, society, and time.

Both formal and informal education are possible. Formal education is provided in schools, colleges, and universities; informal education is derived from society and the environment. Through experience and reflection, formal and informal education are internalized and developed in a person's personality. It indicates that we are all learners throughout our lives. However, we will examine formal education's philosophy (aims and objectives). Additionally, there are three levels to education: primary, secondary, and higher. Primary education is for children between the ages of 3 and 11, secondary education is for teenagers between the ages of 12 and 18, and higher education is for students over the age of 18. Each educational level requires a distinct approach.

Education content varies from community to community. Contents would be viewed differently in a secular society than in an ideological society. In addition, the manner in which the contents are presented or explained will vary from society to society. Our analysis is ideological and heavily influenced by the Islamic perspective on education.

Terminology

The Latin words Educare, Educatum, or Educere are the origins of the term "education." The words "educere" and "educum" respectively mean "to lead out" and "to train" and "to nourish." The first suggests that education comes from outside sources; to be imposed or put in from the outside means that the learning process is heavily influenced by the outside environment. The latter indicate internal development; This indicates that an individual's internal potentials determine the learning process, with the external environment playing a secondary role. Social philosophers, on the other hand, placed a greater emphasis on the educational process's external demands than naturalists or psychologists did. We assumed a mixed and balanced approach to the role and significance of the learning process's internal and external environments.

Definition

According to Aristotle, education's aim and objective is to produce good and virtuous citizens. He defined education as the process necessary for the development of a sound mind in a sound body. In the fourteenth century, Ibne Khaldun argues that education is comprised of intellectual, social, and moral instruction that enables the development of hidden potentials, the formation of character traits, and the transmission of the culture of the people to subsequent generations. Dewey, in 20th 100 years, characterized training in these words: " Education is a living process in which experiences are constantly reconstructed. It is the individual's development of all those capacities that will enable him to control his environment and realize his potential." The term "education" can be interpreted as "the means by which adults impart to children their knowledge, thought pattern, and behavior pattern and develop their genetic potential to manage challenges now and in the future."

Aims and Objectives

Islam is the religion of the Divine. It is based on the Quran's revealed book and Hadith's prophetic commentary. Prophets and the Revealed Books' primary responsibility and ultimate goal are to educate humanity for a better, happier, and more purposeful life. They describe the goal of life, explain how to achieve it, and give a real-world example of living a purposeful life. As a result, the final Revealed Book, Al-Quran, can be used to comprehend education's goals and content.

Conclusions

The previous discussion of education's contents—faith, knowledge, wisdom, and personality traits or manners—demonstrates that educational institutions should take a holistic approach to learning. They cultivate PERSONALITY / MANNERS, impart KNOWLEDGE, equip with wisdom, and face the challenges of life's present and future. It is impossible to neglect one aspect at the expense of another because each one is essential and of its own importance. It is important to note that only an educational system that is based on content can benefit society, future generations, and concerned individuals. We offer two examples of educational institution Mission Statements based on comprehensive analysis.