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| impacts:: Social Impacts | |
First and foremost, the increasing disease burden will make the achievement of human development goals much more difficult. For LDCs (less developed countries) as a group child mortality rates in 2015-2010 are expected to be 14 percent higher with the AIDS epidemic than they would have been without it. Life expectancy at birth in LDCs in 2010-2015 is expected to be 46.1 years rather than 58.7 years, which would have been attained without AIDS (CIA, 1999). The quality of health care in poor countries will further deteriorate as all infectious diseases create a high patient load and hospital beds are not sufficient for poorer countries. |
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It's reported that in Malawi, one teacher is lost per day due to AIDS and according to UNAIDS (2002), in Malawi and Zambia there has been a five or six fold increase in illness and death rates among health workers. As a result, expenditure on the training of doctors and nurses to replace dying medical personnel would have to increase by 25 to 40 percent in the southern part of Africa in 2001 to 2010. School attendance will also be adversely affected. Carrying the burden of AIDS, the household may become unable to afford the school fees and this in turn creates other problems like low literacy rate, affecting future productivity. In the Central African Republic, school enrolment is reported to have fallen by 20 to 36 percent; with girls being most affected (CIA, 1999). |
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There will be a shake-up in international confidence for countries with outbreaks of infectious diseases. Foreign governments advise their citizens not to visit the affected areas and this will undoubtedly upset the economy especially tourism. For example, tourist arrivals in December 1997 plunged 26 percent against the previous year when an outbreak of bird flu occurred in Hong Kong (CIA, 1999). |
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| Infectious diseases, especially AIDS, will lead to discrimination in one's daily life, lowering one's self-esteem and creating a disharmonious and disintegrated society. Political stability will even be threatened and social order will be put at risk. This problem will be especially serious for poorer countries, where social support services and healthcare services are inadequate. |
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next page:: impacts:: Political Impacts |
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