A suggested teaching outline:

Romans: A Teaching Outline

  1. Introduction (1:1-17)
  2. Condemnation: The Need for God's Righteousness (1:18-3:20)
    • Guilt of the Gentiles (1:18-32)
    • Guilt of the Jews (2:1-3:8)
    • Conclusion: All Are Guilty before God (3:9-20)
  3. Justification: God's Righteousness (3:21-5:21)
    • Description of Righteousness (3:21-31)
    • Illustration of Righteousness (4:1-25)
    • Benefits of Righteousness (5:1-11)
    • Contrast of Righteousness and Condemnation (5:12-21)
  4. Sanctification: The Demonstration of God's Righteousness (6:1-8:39)
    • Sanctification and Sin (6:1-23)
    • Sanctification and the Law (7:1-25)
    • Sanctification and the Spirit (8:1-39)
  5. Vindication of the Righteousness of God (9:1-11:36)
    • Israel's Past: The Election of God (9:1-29)
      • Paul's Sorrow (9:1-5)
      • God's Sovereignty (9:6-29)
    • Israel's Present: The Rejection of God (9:30-10:21)
      • Israel Seeks Righteousness by Works (9:30-33)
      • Israel Rejects the Prophets (10:16-21)
    • Israel's Future: The Restoration by God (11:1-36)
      • Israel's Rejection Not Total (11:1-10)
      • Israel's Rejection Not Final (11:11-32)
      • Israel's Restoration: The Occasion for Glorifying God (11:33-36)
  6. Application of the Righteousness of God (12:1-16:27)
    • Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Duty (12:1-13:14)
      • Responsibilities Toward God (12:1-2)
      • Responsibilities Toward Society (12:3-21)
      • Responsibilities Toward Government (13:1-7)
      • Responsibilities Toward Neighbors (13:8-14)
    • Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Liberties (14:1-15-13)
      • Principles of Christian Liberties (14:1-23)
      • Practice of Christian Liberties (15:1-13)
    • Conclusion (15:14-16:27)
      • Paul's Purpose for Writing (15:14-21)
      • Paul's Plans for Traveling (15:22-33)
      • Paul's Praise and Greetings (16:1-27)

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