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Turbo scitulus (Dall, 1919)
Galápagos Turban
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Liotia
scitula Dall, 1919
Turbo
agonistes Dall
& Ochsner, 1928
( Pliocene ? )
usual size : Height 25 to 31 mm (1 to 1.2 inch), diameter 23 to 28 mm (0.9 to 1.1 inch)
Description
Solid, top - shaped shell with rounded aperture, sculptured with strong knobs on shoulder of the body whorl. Whorls flattened under the shoulder, the last whorl showing an angulation beneath, with another row of knobs. Color mottled lavender, often hidden by coralline algae.
Habitat & range
Subtidal, from 10 m to 75 m, but empty shells occasionally found intertidally; on sand or mud, on rocks with sand patches or on coralline algal rubble. Endemic to Galápagos Islands.
Original descriptions
Liotia scitula ( from DALL, 1919 : 358 ) : “ Shell minute, white with flecks of brown, of about four whorls, including a very minute smooth nucleus; spire flattened, suture distinct; axial sculpture of fine incremental lines, somewhat wrinkled in front of the suture and on the last whorl developing a narrow row of beads at the suture, and crenulating on the base at the margin of the umbilicus; spiral sculpture of a very prominent, minutely crenulated keel at the periphery and a smaller one on which the suture is laid; the margin of the narrow umbilicus is also threadlike; aperture rounded except where modified by the external sculpture; the body with a glaze of enamel, the pillar lip somewhat thickened; height of shell, 1; maximum diameter, 2 mm.”
Turbo agonistes ( from DALL & OCHSNER, 1928 : 115-116 ) : “ Shell small for the genus, heavy, solid, of about five rapidly enlarging whorls; nucleus defective but blunt and small; whorls flattened behind the shoulder, the suture distinct, undulated by the sculpture, usually with a row of small round nodules in front of it like a string of beads; the shoulder with from seven to nine short stout conspicuous spines, from these extend obscure ridges obliquely to the margin of the base where they rise into smaller stout pointed nodules, and again appear arching round the umbilical region as a row of still smaller, eroded and irregular nodules; the other axial sculpture is of oblique, rather rude, sometimes lamellose, incremental lines; spiral sculpture of three or four obscure threads between the two anterior rows of nodules, and obsolete traces of spiral sculpture on the other interspaces, more evident on the upper whorls, and which in some mutations of the species may be much more conspicuous; beside this there is a very minute granulation over the whole unworn surface, but only visible under magnification; aperture circular except where the outer lip is modified by the external sculpture; base imperforate, pillar lip arcuate, callous, with a small anterior projection as in most Turbos; aperture shorter than the spire. Height of spire, 25 to 31 mm; of aperture, 10 to 16 mm; maximum diameter, 23 to 28 mm.”
Remark :
The holotype of Liotia scitula first described by Dall in 1919 was a very small juvenile specimen.
Bibliography relevant to occurrence in Galápagos
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DALL, 1919c ( original description; Galápagos = type locality ); DALL & OCHSNER, 1928 : Turbo agonistes, new species ( original description; Galápagos = type locality; Pliocene ? ); ANGERMEYER, 1971 : Turbo agonistes; Mc LEAN in KEEN, 1971; HERTLEIN, 1972b : Turbo agonistes Dall & Ochsner, 1928; FINET, 1985; FINET, 1991; FINET, 1994b; FINET, 1995a; KAISER, 1997; HICKMAN & FINET, 1999.
Material from Galápagos in museums or other collections
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| AMNH | 110382, 111070, 139477, 139532, 157256. |
| USNM | 194975 ( syntypes ). |
| LACM | 148030 ( 1 - 2 ), 34-42.7, 34-51.12 (ex AHF 177-34), 34-56.7, 34-71.6, |
| 71-50.9, 72-200.5, 72-201.3, 84-28.10, 84-30.6. | |
| CAS | 66764-05 ( formerly Geol. Type coll. n° 2939 ) ( holotype of Turbo agonistes, |
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| 66764-06 ( formerly Geol. Type coll. n° 2940 ) ( paratype of T. agonistes ), | |
| 40603 ( was misidentified as Turbo saxosus Wood ), plus several other specimens. | |
| CDRS | 806. |
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