This
exam (CCNA 2.0 Exam Number One) covers the types of questions that you are most
likely to see on your CCNA 2.0 640-507 exam because they cover points that
Cisco feels are important. You should read each question, answer, and
explanation and then research the topic of the question more thoroughly to make
sure you understand it completely. We highly recommend that you study exams
Two, Three, Four, Five, and Six after studying this exam because they should
cover practically everything that you might find in a CCNA 2.0 640-507 exam.
What does the “Base” mean in
10BaseT?
A.
Cable type
B.
Speed
C.
Spectrum used
D.
Signal type
Answer: D
The “Base” in 10BaseT refers
to the Baseband signaling method . Ethernet defined baseband technology, which
means that when a station does transmit, it will use the entire bandwidth on
the wire and will not share it.
There are three switching
modes: Cut-through, store-and-forward, and a modified version of cut-through.
Regarding this modified version, which of the following is true?
A.
Store-and-forward
has a lower latency
B.
Cut-through has a
higher latency
C.
It waits until
50% of the data in the packet has come into the switch before forwarding it
D.
It waits until
the data portion of the packet reaches the switch before forwarding it
Answer: D
The modified version of
cut-through switching is called FragmentFree. It will wait until the first 64
bytes of the packet pass through the switch before forwarding it. The data
portion of the packet begins after the 64 bytes. This switching method is the
default for Cisco 1900 series switches. Store-and-forward has a higher latency
than FragmentFree because it copies the whole frame onto its onboard buffers
and then computes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) before forwarding it.
Cut-through has a lower latency because it only copies the destination address
of the frame onto its onboard buffers before forwarding it.
Which of the following
commands would you use if you wanted to advertise the 199.42.78.0 network using
the RIP protocol?
A.
RouterA(config)#router
network 199.42.78.0
B.
RouterA(config)#rip
network 199.42.78.0
C.
RouterA(config-router)#network
199.42.78.0
D.
RouterA(config-router)#rip
network 199.42.78.0
Answer: C
After you add the RIP routing
protocol to the router using the
“RouterA(config)#router rip”
command, you are taken to router-config mode where you can choose to advertise
the network 199.42.78.0 by using the command “RouterA(config-router)#network
199.42.78.0”.
How does the
store-and-forward switching method work?
A.
Copies 50% of the
frame onto its onboard buffers before forwarding the frame
B.
Discards frames
if they are runts or giants
C.
Copies only the
destination address in the frame before forwarding the frame
D.
Copies the first
64 bytes of the frame and checks it for fragmentation before forwarding the
frame
Answer: B
The store-and-forward
switching method copies the whole frame onto its onboard buffers and computes a
CRC (cyclic redundancy check) before forwarding the frame. Latency through the
switch varies with the frame length. This switching method will discard frames
if they are runts (less than 64 bytes including the CRC) or giants (more than
1518 bytes including the CRC). It is the mode used on the Cisco Catalyst 5000
switches and cannot be modified on the switch.
Which WAN Link Data-Link
protocols support multiple upper layer protocols? Choose two.
A.
PPP
B.
LAPD
C.
ISDN
D.
HDLC
Answer: A and D
While any two could really be
chosen, PPP and HDLC are the best answers to this question.
What are the three parts to a
connection-oriented session?
A.
call setup
B.
three-way
handshake
C.
data transfer
D.
call termination
E.
DDR
Answer: A, C, and D
A connection-oriented session
requires a virtual circuit. The best answers would be call setup, data
transfer, and call termination because a switched virtual circuit requires
these. While a connection-oriented session is also called a “three-way
handshake”, this question requires three answers.
What is backoff on an 802.3
network?
A.
When two packets
are sent and collide with each other
B.
The delay between
a collision and when the station retransmits
C.
The connection
between the NIC card and the hub
D.
Propagation of
network congestion
Answer: B
Backoff on an 802.3 network
is the delay between a collision and when the station retransmits. If
subsequent attempts also result in collisions, the station will retransmit up
to 16 times before giving up.
Which of the following two
statements are true regarding RIP?
A.
It is a
link-state protocol
B.
It broadcasts its
routing table every 30 seconds
C.
RIP can load share
over multiple paths
D.
RIP uses
bandwidth to determine how to load balance
Answer: B and C
RIP is a distance-vector
routing protocol that broadcasts its routing table every 30 seconds and can
load share over multiple paths. It uses hop count to load balance.
How does inter-vlan
communication take place?
A.
Through a router
that can run ISL
B.
This type of
communication can not take place
C.
By using VLAN
Trunk Protocol
D.
By setting up the
switch with a transparent configuration
Answer: A
In order for inter-VLAN
(which is communication between different VLANS as opposed to intra-VLAN, which
means within the same VLAN) communication to take place, a layer-3 device is
absolutely necessary. If you’re using a router, it must be able to support ISL
(Inter-Switch Link).
What do Cisco Catalyst
switches use to prevent loops?
A.
route poisoning
B.
hold down timers
C.
Spanning-Tree
Protocol
D.
split horizon
Answer: C
Cisco Catalyst switches use
STP (Spanning-Tree Protocol) to prevent loops. STP finds all links in the
network and shuts down redundant links, which stops any network loops from
occurring in the network.
What is used when a broadcast
is sent through an 802.3 LAN?
A.
255.255.255.255,
IP address
B.
FFFF.FFFF.FFFF,
MAC address
C.
0000.8c01.1111,
multicast address
D.
0.0.0.0, unicast
address
Answer: B
802.3 exists at the MAC
(Media Access Control) sublayer of the Data-Link layer. When a broadcast is
sent through an Ethernet 802.3 LAN, it sends a MAC address which consists of
all 1’s or F’s in hex.
What is the protocol and
purpose of 238.255.255.255?
A.
IPX, SAP
broadcast
B.
IP, Multicast
group
C.
IP, SNAP
broadcast
D.
IP, Class C
Broadcast
Answer: B
This is a multicast IP
address. The multicast range of IP addresses is 224-239.
What is an advantage of UDP
(User Datagram Protocol)?
A.
It takes up more
bandwidth
B.
It is a reliable
protocol
C.
Packets are not
acknowledged so there is less overhead
D.
It sequences the
segments and is very careful to make sure the segments arrive in order at their
destination
Answer: C
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
can be used in place of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). It is referred to
as an unreliable protocol because it doesn’t handle issues of reliability, such
as acknowledgement of segments. Because of this, there is less overhead which
allows for faster transmissions.
What are some advantages of
LAN segmentation?
A.
smaller collision
domains
B.
less broadcast
domains
C.
larger broadcast
domains
D.
more collision
domains
Answer: A and D
The best answers are A and D.
The main reason for segmenting a network is to relieve network congestion. The
main tools used for segmenting a LAN are bridges, routers, and switches.
Segmenting a network will create more collisions domains with fewer users
(smaller collision domains).
What are three basic switch
functions?
A.
B.
Packet filtering
and forwarding
C.
Unicast filtering
D.
Broadcast
filtering
E.
Address Learning
Answer: A, B, and E
The three basic switch
functions are loop avoidance, packet filtering and forwarding, and address
learning. Spanning-Tree protocol is used to avoid loops. When a frame is
received on a switch interface, it looks at the destination hardware address
and finds the exit interface in the MAC database. A switch remembers the source
hardware address of each frame received on an interface and enters this
information into a MAC database.
If you have five workstations
connected to a 10 Mbps switch, what does each workstation get?
A.
2 Mbps
B.
10 Mbps
C.
50 Mbps
D.
5 Mbps
Answer: B
Each workstation will receive
10 Mbps if they are connected to a 10 Mbps switch.
Frames from one network are
put in the frames of another network. What is this called?
A.
Data Link Control
B.
Packet Switching
C.
Virtual Switching
D.
Transfer Control
Answer: A
Each time a packet is sent
between routers, it is framed with control information at the Data-Link layer.
The packet isn’t altered along the route, only encapsulated with the type of
control information to be passed on to the different media types.
What are two purposes to
segment with a bridge?
A.
reduce collisions
B.
increase
collision domains
C.
increase
broadcast domains
D.
reduce broadcasts
Answer: A and B
Bridges cannot break up
broadcast domains. It breaks up collision domains which is the same thing as
increasing the number of collision domains. This in turn will reduce total
collisions within each segment.
How does a bridge function?
A.
It looks up
destination MAC addresses in its table
B.
It filters by
network address
C.
It breaks up
broadcast domains
D.
It looks up
packets in its database in order to forward them
Answer: A
A bridge looks up destination
MAC addresses in its MAC address table and finds the exit interface/physical
segment to send the frame. If it doesn’t find one, it will flood the frame out
all ports in order to find it. If the bridge does find the interface where the
frame is supposed to go, it will then create a destination entry in its MAC
address table so that next time it will know where to send a frame from that
particular source.
What are the two components
of an IPX address?
A.
network, MAC
B.
MAC, network
C.
node, network
D.
node, node
Answer: A
The IPX address is divided
into two portions, network and MAC address. This is also known as network and
node. The network portion is four bytes and is assigned by the administrator
and must be unique on the entire IPX network. The MAC or node portion is 6
bytes and is usually the MAC address of the machine.
What are the two things you
must do to activate an access list?
A.
Set up the access
list with the command and parameters
B.
First shutdown
the interface that the access list will be applied to
C.
Apply the access
list as part of a group on an interface
D.
Use the
access-list command to apply the access list to the interface
Answer: A and C
To activate an access list,
you must first create it using the access-list command and add any parameters
that you need. Next, you must use the access-group command to apply the access
list as part of a group on the interface.
Which of the following
prompts is for privileged EXEC mode?
A.
>
B.
:
C.
#
D.
?
Answer: C
The prompt # (RouterA#)is
privileged EXEC mode. The prompt > (RouterA>) is user EXEC mode.
What information will you
receive if you use the “show version” command? Choose four.
A.
system hardware
B.
software version
C.
names and location of the configuration files
D. boot
images
E.
configuration parameters
Answer:
A, B, C, and D
The
“show version” command will display the system hardware, software version,
names and location of the configuration files, and boot images.
You are unable to access a
remote router on a frame-relay network. What commands will help you find out
where traffic is being routed?
A.
ip name-server
B.
debug frame-relay
map
C.
show ip route
D.
debug
Answer: C and D
The command “show ip route”
will show you the IP routing table and the command “debug” (parameters are not
shown) will show you routing information running on the network.
What subnet does the
following network address belong to? 172.16.172.66/30
A.
172.16.172.0
B.
172.16.0.68
C.
172.16.172.64
D.
172.16.0.72
Answer: C
/30 means the same as
11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 (30 “on” bits or 1’s). Add up the “on” bits
or 1’s in the last octet 128+64+32+16+8+4 = 252. So, the mask is
255.255.255.252. 256-252=4. So, 4 is your first subnet. Add this to itself
until you find the subnet that 66 belongs in: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36,
40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68. We can stop here because we have reached 68. 66
is between 64 and 68. So, your subnet is 172.64 or 172.16.172.64.
What must a router have in order
to correctly route a packet?
A.
network address
of destination network
B.
MAC address of
destination network
C.
both a serial and
Ethernet connection
D.
the node portion
of the MAC address
Answer: A
A router uses the network
portion of the destination network address to route packets.
Match the following transport
layer protocols with the correct description.
A.
IP – identifies
devices on networks
B.
TCP – connection
oriented and packet acknowledgement
C.
UDP – sliding
window
D.
ICMP – messaging
service provider for IP
E.
UDP – breaks
information into segments
F.
AURP –
encapsulates packets in UDP headers
Answer: B, E, and F
Only B, E, and F are
transport layer protocols with the correct definitions.
Which key combination
completes a command?
A.
Ctrl+Shift+6, X
B.
Esc-A
C.
Ctrl-E
D.
Tab
Answer: D
The tab key will complete a
partially typed command.
What command would you use to
set up IGRP with the autonomous system 100?
A.
RouterA>network
100
B.
RouterA(config)>router
igrp 100
C.
RouterA(config-if)#router
igrp 100
D.
RouterA(config)#router
igrp 100
Answer: D
To set up IGRP with the
autonomous system 100, you would use the command “router igrp 100” in
configuration mode at the privileged EXEC mode prompt (#).
When you are in setup mode,
what do the square brackets [] indicate?
A.
they separate the
NVRAM values from the ROM values
B.
nothing, they are
used as delimiters
C.
default or
current values
D.
all the possible
choices are between them
Answer: C
When you are in setup mode,
the square brackets [] indicate default or current values. As you can tell from
the following output, you need to be in privileged EXEC mode to get into the
setup program:
Welcome to the Cisco2500 router.
User Access Verification
Password:
routerA>setup
Translating "setup"...domain server
(255.255.255.255)
% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find
computer address
routerA>en
Password:
routerA#setup
---
System Configuration Dialog ---
At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for
help.
Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any
prompt.
Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes]:
What are three comparable
traits between 10BaseT and 100BaseT?
A.
100BaseT is 100
times faster than 10BaseT
B.
100BaseT and
10BaseT use the same frame format
C.
They both use the
same signaling method
D.
The network
diameter of 100BaseT and 10BaseT is the same
E.
They both use the
same media
Answer: B, C, and E
100 BaseT and 10BaseT use the
same frame format, the same signaling method (baseband), and the same media
(Unshielded Twisted Pair). 100BaseT is 10 times faster than 10BaseT, not 100
times faster. The maximum network diameter of 100BaseT is 205 meters, which is
approximately 10 times less than the maximum network diameter of 10BaseT.
What is a reason that the OSI
reference model was created?
A.
So that different
vendors could create there own proprietary products
B.
So that vendors
don’t have to worry about their products being used illegally
C.
To make
networking more complex so that vendors can’t easily create their products
D.
So different
vendors products will work together
Answer: D
One of the reasons that the
OSI reference was created was so that different vendors products will work
together. There are many other reasons. They are:
-It clarifies the general
functions, rather than the specifics, on how to do something
-It uses standard interfaces
to enable ease of interoperability
-It divides the complexity of
networking into more manageable sublayers
-It allows specialization,
which helps the industry progress
-Developers can change the
features of one layer without changing all the code
-It eases troubleshooting
Which of the following is
used for packet buffering, routing tables, and data structures that allow the
router to function?
A.
RAM
B.
ROM
C.
Flash
D.
NVRAM
Answer: A
In a Cisco router, RAM is
used for packet buffering, routing tables, and data structures that allow the
router to function. ROM is read-only memory and is used to load the bootstrap,
which runs a power-on test. It will then find and load the IOS into flash
memory by default. Flash is used to hold the Cisco IOS by default. NVRAM,
non-volatile RAM, is random-access memory that will keep its contents even if
power to the router is turned off.
In a Cisco Catalyst 1900
switch, you receive the %Incomplete Command error message. How do you get help
on completing the command?
A.
Type “help” at
the prompt
B.
Re-type the
command and then type a space and then a ?.
C.
Use Ctrl-H to
access the help screens
D.
Use the Esc key
Answer: B
Re-typing the command and
then typing a space and then a ? will show you the help options (what should
come next in the command) for completing the command. This works the same as it
does on a router. For example, if you type the following at the global
configuration prompt on a switch and press enter, you will receive the
%Incomplete Command error message:
RouterA(config)#duplex
% Incomplete command
Now, re-type the command with
a space and a ? and you will see the help options for completing the command:
RouterA(config)#duplex ?
auto Enable auto duplex
configuration
full Force
full duplex operation
full-flow-control Force full
duplex with flow control
half Force
half duplex operation
Fill-in-the-blank
How do you enable RIP?
Answer: router rip
Fill-in-the-blank
How do you enable IPX RIP?
Answer: ipx routing
What is the maximum segment
distance on either 10BaseT or 100BaseT?
A.
185 meters
B.
400 meters
C.
260 meters
D.
100 meters
Answer: D
The maximum segment distance
on either 10BaseT or 100BaseT is 100 meters.
Frame tagging is used in a
switched network to tag a frame with VLAN information. Which of the following
are true regarding frame tagging? Choose three.
A.
it places a
unique identifier in the header of each frame
B.
it functions at
the Data-Link layer
C.
it functions at
the Network layer
D.
it identifies the
user and what VLAN the user is a member of
E.
it builds frames
using VIP cards
Answer: A, B, and D
Frame tagging places a unique
identifier in the header of each frame. This is sometimes referred to as a VLAN
ID or color. It functions at the Data-Link layer and identifies the user and
what VLAN the user is a member of.
You
want to deny access to a group of computers with addresses 172.30.16.0 to
172.30.31.0. Which wildcard mask would
you use?
A.
0.0.255.255
B.
0.0.255.255
C.
0.0.31.255
D.
0.0.127.255
E.
0.0.15.255
Answer:
E
0.0.15.255
will check the last 13 bits of an address so that computers 172.30.16.0 to
172.30.31.0 will be denied access.
0.0.31.255 would check the last 6 binary digits and deny access to
addresses 172.30.32.0 to 172.30.63.0.
0.0.127.255 would check the last 7 binary digits and deny access to
addresses 172.30.64.0 to 172.30.127.0.
0.0.255.255 would deny 172.30.0.0 to 172.30.254.0. If you write decimal 15 in binary, you have
0001111, the 1's tell the router to ignore address with these bits set; 0's
tell the router to check the bits. The
third octet for 172.30.16.0 is 00010000.
The third octet for 172.30.31.0 would be 00011111. So, traffic from these addresses would be
denied.
Cisco
routers use wildcard masking to identify how to check or ignore corresponding
IP address bits. What does setting a
wildcard mask bit to 0 cause the router to do?
A. It
tells the router to ignore the corresponding bit
value
B. It
tells the router to check the corresponding bit
value
C. It
tells the router to check its alternate routing list
D. It
tells the router to use its primary routing list
Answer:
B
A zero
tells the router to check the corresponding bit value.
What do
the following commands accomplish?
access-list 1 permit 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
interface ethernet 0
IP access-group 1 out
interface ethernet 1
IP access-group 1 out
A. Only
traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0 will be
blocked
B. Only
traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0 will be
forwarded.
Non-172.16.0.0 network traffic is blocked
C.
Non-172.16.0.0 traffic will be forwarded
D. All
traffic will be forwarded
Answer:
B
Only
traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0 will be forwarded. Non-172.16.0.0 network traffic is
blocked. The wildcard mask 0.0.255.255
tells the router to check the first 2 octets and to ignore the last 2 octets.
What do
the following commands accomplish?
access-list 1 deny 172.16.4.13 0.0.0.0
access-list 1 permit 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
interface ethernet 0
IP access-group 1 out
A. All
traffic is allowed.
B.
Traffic from 172.16.4.13 is allowed and all other traffic
is blocked.
C. All
traffic is blocked.
D. Traffic
from 172.16.4.13 is blocked and all other traffic
is allowed.
Answer:
D
Traffic
from 172.16.4.13 is blocked and all other traffic is allowed. The 0s in all for octets tell the router to
check the complete address and to any access. 0.0.0.0 in "access-list 1
permit 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255" is
a placeholder. 172.16.4.13 is denied by
the first
statement,
all other traffic is permitted by the second statement.
When
using access lists, what does a Cisco router check first?
A. The
packet contents
B. The
destination address
C. The
source address
D. To
see if the packet is routable or bridgeable
Answer:
D
The
first thing checked is to see if the packet is routable or bridgeable. If it is not, the packet will be dropped.
Why was
VTP (VLAN Trunk Protocol) created by Cisco?
A.
So all VLANs can run ISL
B.
So all configured VLANs across a switched internetwork can be managed to
maintain consistency
C.
VTP was not created by Cisco. It was created by IEEE
D.
To create plug-and-play trunks
Answer:
B
VTP
(VLAN Trunk Protocol) was created by Cisco so that all configured VLANs across
a switched internetwork can be managed to maintain consistency.
What
are the four VLAN identification methods?
A.
ISL
B.
IEEE 802.1q
C.
VLMS
D.
LANE
E.
802.10 (FDDI)
Answer:
A, B, D, and E
The
four VLAN identification methods are ISL, IEEE 802.1q, LANE, and 802.10 (FDDI)
ISL –
Proprietary to Cisco switches. It is used for FastEthernet and Gigabit Ethernet
links only.
IEEE
802.1q – Created by IEEE as a standard method of frame tagging. Works between
switches of different manufacturers
LANE –
LAN Emulation. Used to communicate multiple VLAN’s over ATM.
802.10
(FDDI) – Used to send VLAN over FDDI. Proprietary to Cisco devices.
Which
of the following are possible with VTP (VLAN Trunk Protocol)? Choose three.
A.
add VLANs
B.
rename VLANS
C.
create trunks
D.
delete VLANs
Answer:
A, B, and D
VTP
allows an administrator to add, delete, and rename VLANs.
When
can a VTP domain be used?
A.
When you only have one switch connected in a network
B.
When you are using only one VLAN
C.
Only if a router is attached to a switch
D.
If you have more than one switch connected in a network
Answer:
D
A VTP
domain can be used when you have more than one switch connected in a network.
First, a VTP server must be created. All servers that need to share VLAN
information must use the same domain name and a switch can only be in one
domain at a time. So, a switch can only share VTP domain information with
switches configured in the same VTP domain. If you are using only one VLAN, you
don’t need to use VTP.
What
are the three modes of operation within a VTP domain?
A.
Workstation
B.
Server
C.
Client
D.
Transparent
Answer: B, C, and D
Server - This is the default
for all Catalyst switches. You will need at least one server in your VTP
domain. The switch must be in server mode to add, delete, or rename VLANs in a
VTP domain. Any change made to a switch in server mode is advertised to the
entire VTP domain.
Client – Can receive
information from VTP servers and can send and receive updates, but can not make
any changes. If you want a switch to become a server, first make it a Client so
that it first receives all the correct VLAN information, then change it to a
server.
Transparent – Does not
participate in the VTP domain but it will still forward VTP advertisements. It
is considered only locally significant and can add and delete VLANs. It keeps
its own database and does not share it with other switches.