Unit 3 - Life in the Age of Machines

1    When and where did the Industrial Revolution first begin?
        It starts in Europe about 1750.
2    How did the following help cause the Industrial Revolution to start:
      (a) The increase in population.
              The increase in population in the 18th century. To feed the rising population, Europeans developed
            faster ways of production. So the Industrials Revolution started.
      (b) The invention of new machines.
                This changed production methods. The use of machines in industry and farming started the Industrial Revolution
     (c) The development of world trade.
            In the 18th, European starts set up many overseas colonies. Trade grew. Demand rose. There was a need for quicker means of production. This stared the Industrial Revolution .
      (d) The accumulation of capital.
             When trade grew, some people could accumulate capital. To make more money, they invested their capital in developing faster ways of production . So the Industrial Revolution.
(e) The end of feudalism in Europe.
             The end of feudalism in Europe in the 1700s. This ended the old privileges of the upper classes formed by nobles and big landlords. So people could trade freely. They earned more money. Demand rose. There was a need for quicker means of production. This led to the Industrial Revolution.
3    What started the Agricultural Revolution?
The Enclosure Movement in the late 17th and early 18th centuries started  this revolution
4    Give two factors that helped increase production during the Agricultural Revolution?
The use of machines in farming and the use of a new farming method.
5    Which industry was the first to use machines for production? Why?
         The textile industrial was the first industrial to use machines. This is because many new machines to make cloth were invented during this period.
6    What new sources of power were developed during the Industrial Revolution?
      The new sources are steam, gas, oil and electricity.
7    Who invented the first steam engine?
      A Scotsman named Watt invented an engine driven
8    Who invented the first light bulb?
       An American called Edison invented light bulb.
9    Who invented the first practical steamship?
       The first practical steamship was invented by Fulton in 1807.
10  Who invented the first steam locomotive? What was it called?
       It called Rocket and was invented by George Stephenson in 1829.
11  Who invented the first single-cylinder car?
       The first single-cylinder car was invented by Benz in 1885.
12  Who made the first powered flight?
       Orville Wright made the first successful flight in the US in 1903.
13  Who invented the telegraph?
       It was invented by am American called Morse in 1837.
14  Who invented the telephone?
      It was invented by am American named Bell in 1876
15  Who invented the wireless telegraph?
      It was invented by an Italian called Marconi in 1895.
16  Who were reponsible for the following in medicine?
      (a) Vaccination against smallpox.
      Jenner invented a vaccination against smallpox in 1796.
      (b) Invention of chloroform.
      In 1844, an American dentist named Wells invented chloroform.
      (c) Pasteurizaion to kill germs.
      In 1864, Louis Pasteur invented pasteurization to kill germs.
      (d) Discovery of radium.
      In 1902, Marie and Pierre Curie discovered radium.