1. The Judeo-Christians view on the law was that it told you what to do. They weren�t able to believe whatever they what. The Old Testament teaches people that God established government after the flood. The Old Testament provided guidelines to the development of a theocracy in which God was the head of the government. The Christians were given a number of responsibilities and were called to render services and be obedient to the government. Christians have a responsibility to work within the governmental structure to bring about change. The greatest threat to liberty comes from the exercise of power and the corrupting force when placed in human hands. The Christians view of law was based on God�s commandments. The Greco-Roman used a set of laws called the twelve tables. Greco-Roman law was closely bonded to religion and it was undeveloped with attributes of strict formalism, symbolism and conservatism. The twelve tables contained a number of specific provisions designed to change the customary law already in existence at the time of the enactment.
2. The tyranny of Plato is not a matter of minor theft and violence, but of wholesale plunder, sacred and profane. If you were caught committing a crime you are punished and disgraced. If the weak can prevent the strong from taking what they want or can prevent someone from becoming a tyrant. Plato uses the theory of the soul that he also proposed in the Phaedrus. The Republic ends with an argument that we better be good or the gods will punish us. Plato�s student Aristotle believed that virtue actually was a matter of habit and that the good had no independent nature. Aristotle investigated from one natural science to another, depending on the problem encountered. Plato�s who felt the only worthwhile science to be the contemplation of abstract forms, Aristotle practiced detailed observation and dissection of plants and animals, to try to understand how each fitted into the grand scheme of nature and the importance of the different organs of animals. Aristotle�s philosophy laid out an approach to the investigation of all natural phenomena to determine detail, systematic work, and final cause.
3. We used indirect democracy and split is up in to three branches. The three branches are Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. The U.S constitution allowed the branches to be used and to be used properly. A selection of Representatives elects a selection of candidates for the position that are put before the people, and by majority vote, one of them is chosen. Senators were chosen by state legislators, which were chosen by the people. In an indirect democracy the people have the right to vote.
10.2
1. All of these men had an idea of making the right type of government; and had their own ideas of making the ideal place to live. James Madison and Thomas Jefferson were the founding fathers of the Declaration of Independence. Most of the government ways used today are from original philosophers like John Locke, the checks and balances system is an example. His ideas would later on affect the declaration of independence and the constitution of the United States. Charles-Louis Montesquieu originated the three branches of government, such as legislative, judiciary, and executive. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes that the people have a stronger voice and what is happening to them politically. His idea was the Social Contract. Simon Bolivar was the founder of the ideas of which our amendments are based on today such as, freedom of religion, property, and the rule of law. All of these men have had an impact on the constitution and the declaration of today. If these men had not had their ideas we would no be living like how we are today. This would be bad if they did not have their ideas.
2. King John agreed to limit the fines paid on the inheritance of land and not to levy scutage without representation. The Magna Carta clauses on the rights of merchants and boroughs acknowledged the importance of trade to the English economy. Notions of the �commune of the realm� and the �common counsel of the kingdom� showed that England was already regarded as a political community independent of the king who ruled it. Magna Carta did nothing directly for the villains who made up the mass on the Continent to settle feudal squabbles. By embedding comprehensive principles in the protestion of specific rights, Magna Carta formed the basis for the development of constitutional safeguards of the individual from the government. The English Bill of Rights is an act of the Parliament of England. The Bill of Rights is one of the basic documents of English constitutional law, alongside Magna Carta, the Act of Settlement and the Parliament Acts. It also forms part of the law of some other Commonwealth nations. The Declaration of Independence is the document in which the Thirteen Colonies in North America declared them the independent of the Kingdom of Great Britain and explained their justifications for doing so. The representatives of the French people, organized as a National Assembly, believing that the ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man are the sole cause of public calamities and of the corruption of governments have determined to set forth in a solemn declaration the natural, unalienable, and sacred rights of man in order that this declaration. Constantly before all the members of the Social body, shall remind them continually of their rights and duties in order that he acts of the legislative power as well those of the executive power. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. The amendments limit the powers of the federal government, protecting the rights of the people by preventing Congress from abridging freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, freedom or religious worship, and the right to bear arms, preventing unreasonable search and seizure, cruel and unusual punishment and self-incrimination. The rights apply to citizens and non-citizens alike.
3. The American Revolution was a political movement that is 1776 created a new nation. That new nation was the United States of America. The British resisted and the American Revolutionary War resulted in American victory. The Revolution involved a series of broad intellectual and social shifts that occurred in American society as new republican ideals took hold in the population.
4. The French Revolution was a pivotal period in the history of French, European and Western civilization. During this time republicanism replaced the absolute monarchy in France, and the country�s Roman Catholic Church. The Church was forced to undergo a radical restructuring. The Revolution is widely seen as a major turning point in the history of Western democracy from the age of absolutism and aristocracy, to the age of the citizenry as the dominant political force. The slogan of the French Revolution was �Liberty, equality, fraternity, or death.� This slogan outlived the revolution and later became the rallying cry of activists, both militant and non-violent, who promote democracy or overthrow oppressive governments.
5. Nationalism is a major transition to nation-states as originating in the late 18th and 19th centuries. The romantic nationalism, nationalist movements arose throughout Europe, a process accelerated by the French Revolution and the conquests of Napoleon Bonaparte. Before the 19th century people had local, regional, or religious loyalties, but no ideas of nationhood. If there were any loyalties above regional level, they owed to the king and the ruling house. Dynastic states could acquire territory by royal marriage and lose it by division of inheritance. Nationalism also determined the political life of 19th century Europe. The national liberation struggle was also a struggle against older autocratic regimes and nationalism was allied with liberal anti-monarchi.
10.3
1. England was the first country to industrialize because they had large supplies of coal to power steam engines and plentiful iron to build the new machines. Britain had also been a center of the Scientific Revolution giving it new technologies. A stable government also helped to support the economic growth of Britain.
2. The inventions that were developed by the inventors during the industrial revolution brought about many changes. Some of these inventions led to great social changes. For example when Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin textiles and fabrics could be produced more efficiently. Since clothing could be produced more easily, people started creating new styles of clothing. Secondly, these inventions also brought about great cultural change too. For example Henry Bessemer invented the process of making steel. The invention of the technique of melding steel brought about the invention of the Steam Engine from James Watt. When you combined the two this led to steam powered locomotives. Locomotives let people travel more efficiently across great distances. This in turn led to a wider culture by the ease of transportation, communication, and trade. Lastly, great economic changes happened as well. The invention of the light bulb by Thomas Edison meant that people would have a more reliable source of light than candles and other sources of fire. Light bulbs let people work for longer periods of time therefore creating more profits for a company.
3. The industrial revolution led to many things. First, the population has grown. As people started to move into bigger cities, because of jobs and housing living, became cheaper and families could have more kids, leading to a population growth. Secondly large people started to move to cities. People living on farms had a hard life. So as new jobs were created in factories people started to move into bigger cities. With the abundance of jobs people moved into cities for an easier life. Lastly, there was a big growth of new cities. As more jobs opened up many people decided to move from rural villages into large urban cities.
4. The evolution of work has changed over many years. We have come from working in a place with no rules and many dangers, to a job were you sit in a cubicle all day. Many of the people that worked back in the 1800s worked in mines or in a factory. They had many things to overcome. They had to work for very little pay and did a lot of work. Many people died either of injury or disease. Also a main thing is that they made kids work back in the 1800s. Many kids worked in factories or in the mines. Now in the 21st century we do not allow kids to work in factories. Also women did not work as much back then, they were not as high ranked as the men. They did not work until now. Now they can do any job a man does. So over many years the way of work has changed.
5. Over many years the U.S has accommodated many things such as oil, land, and friendship. We now have the U.N and other things like that. We have started out from nothing and had no alliances with foreign countries; we now have foreign alliance. For many years we have needed oil, now that we have foreign alliances we can now get oil. Another thing is that we used to have African Americans as slaves, now that we have labor laws and no slavery African Americans can work a normal life and not be beaten for not working.
6. In the 21st century we do not have any communism anymore; we have democracy. Back in the 1800s the countries use to be run by capitalism. This means the people with a lot of money run the government. In a normal country of today, for example the U.S, we do not run people by how much money they have. We run the government by a representative and do not let people who have a lot of money. People who have a lot of money are to be treated the same as people with little money. So over the many years we have changed a lot.
7. Romanticism appeared in books written by Charles Dickens. Most of this happened because of the industrial revolution. Social criticism happened because of the way that the factories treated their workers.
10.4
1. Imperialism in these countries is when they start to industrialize and gain more power in this way they can compete on the world market and they have some power in what happens and most of the time they become in dependent from outside help or outside rule
2. The rise of industrialism helped imperialism because now countries could make there own good and didn�t have to rely on other countries for there goods this also allowed countries like Brittan and Spain to expand themselves and colonize. But then when America had its industrial revolution it became strong enough to break away from these ruling countries.
3. One of the most famous colonial rules was that of England in the Americas but Spain and Germany and almost all of Europe had a hand in this colonization and even now most countries have outside colonies that are part of the country but aren�t counted as states and don�t really have a hand in governments.
4. The colonizers probably liked it because they got more money out of it and they knew that they were prospering for there home country but they colonels probably didn�t like this at all because they knew that Brittan was just using them and that they weren�t making much of a profit off of this even though that�s the only reason that they went to this new land was for the riches.
5. The struggles were the fact that the founding countries had to oppress the colonies so that they wouldn�t revolt because they founding countries didn�t want to loss the precious resources they were getting from there colonies and the importance of leaders was that the colonies were struggling to break free from the oppression and that leaders were important so when good leaders were elected they were recorded in history and had a very important role in keeping the colonies organized.