38. RADAR COMMUNICATION AND NAVIGATION

Circumstances

Phraseologies
* Denotes pilot transmission
1. Communications a. [IF] RADIO CONTACT LOST (instructions)

b. IF NO TRANSMISSIONS RECEIVED FOR (number) MINUTES (or SECONDS) (instructions)

c. REPLY NOT RECEIVED (instructions)
  • if loss of communication is suspected
    •      		d. IF YOU READ [manoeuvre instructions or SQUAWK (code or IDENT)]

    e. (manoeuvre or SQUAWK) OBSERVED, POSITION (position of aircraft), WILL CONTINUE TO PASS INSTRUCTIONS
    2. Aircraft Directional Indicator Failure when notified by pilot  •a. COMPASS FAILURE ACKNOWLEDGED, RADAR SERVICE WILL CONTINUE USING NO–COMPASS PROCEDURES, CONFIRM FAMILIAR
  • when suspected by ATC
    •      		•b. CONFIRM HEADING
  • if heading response appears at variance with the track of the radar return
    •      		•c. SUSPECT YOUR COMPASS HAS FAILED, RADAR SERVICE WILL CONTINUE USING NO–COMPASS PROCEDURES, CONFIRM FAMILIAR
    2. Aircraft Directional Indicator Failure (Cont.)
  • In case of unreliable directional instruments on board aircraft
    •      		 d. MAKE ALL TURNS RATE ONE (or RATE HALF or (number) DEGREES PER SECOND) EXECUTE INSTRUCTIONS IMMEDIATELY UPON RECEIPT

    e. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) NOW

    f. STOP TURN NOW
    39. RADAR MANOEUVRES

    Circumstances

    Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. General Manoeuvres a. LEAVE (significant point) HEADING (three digits) [INBOUND] [AT (time)]

    b. CONTINUE HEADING (three digits)

    c. CONTINUE PRESENT HEADING

    d. FLY HEADING (three digits)

    e. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (number) DEGREES (or HEADING (three digits)) [reason]

    f. ORBIT LEFT (or RIGHT) [reason]
  • for avoiding action
    •      		g. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) IMMEDIATELY [(number) DEGREES] or [HEADING (three digits)] TO AVOID [UNIDENTIFIED] TRAFFIC (bearing by clock–reference and distance)

    h. STOP TURN HEADING (three digits)
  • when instructing an aircraft to turn 180° or more and in order to emphasise the direction of turn
    •      		i. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) - I SAY AGAIN - LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits) [reason]
  • when necessary to specify a reason for a manoeuvre, the following phraseologies should be used:
    •      		(i) DUE TRAFFIC
    (ii) FOR SPACING
    (iii) FOR DELAY
    (iv) FOR DOWNWIND (or BASE, or FINAL    )
    2. Aircraft Vectoring by Radar Service a.* REQUEST VECTORS [TO (or FROM) (aid, location or reason)]

    b. DO YOU WANT VECTORS?
    40. SPEED CONTROL

    Circumstances

    Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. Speed

    Note: All speed communications shall relate to INDICATED AIRSPEED unless otherwise stipulated. Where applicable, Mach Number may be nominated as the basis of a speed statement.

    		 a.* SPEED (number) KNOTS (or Mach Number)

    b. REPORT SPEED or ([CLIMB or CRUISE] MACH NUMBER)

    c. MAINTAIN (number) KNOTS (or MACH (number)) UNTIL (location)

    d. MAINTAIN PRESENT SPEED

    e. INCREASE (or REDUCE) SPEED TO (or BY) (number) KNOTS

    f. REDUCE TO MINIMUM APPROACH SPEED
  • when an aircraft is required to reduce speed to the minimum possible in a clean configuration
    •      		•g. REDUCE TO MINIMUM CLEAN SPEED
  • when aircraft speed is pilot’s discretion
    •      		h. NO [ATC] SPEED RESTRICTIONS
  • when ATC speed restrictions no longer apply and the aircraft is required to resume profile speeds in accordance with procedural requirements
    •      		i. RESUME NORMAL SPEED
    41. TRAFFIC INFORMATION
    Circumstances Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. Traffic Information a. TRAFFIC (number) O’CLOCK (distance) (direction of flight) [any other pertinent information]
    (i) UNKNOWN
    (ii) SLOW MOVING
    (iii) FAST MOVING
      (iv) CLOSING
    (v) OPPOSITE (or SAME) DIRECTION
    (vi) OVERTAKING
    (vii) CROSSING LEFT TO RIGHT (or RIGHT TO LEFT)
    aircraft type to be passed if known (viii) (type)
    (ix) (level)
    (x)CLIMBING (or
    DESCENDING)

    b. CLEAR OF TRAFFIC [appropriate instructions]
    42. SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR)

    Circumstances

    Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. To Instruct Setting of Transponder
    (The word "code" is not used in transmissions.)     		a. SQUAWK (code) [IDENT if required]

    b.* [SQUAWK] (code) [IDENT if instructed by ATS]
  • to request:
    reselection of the assigned mode and code
    •      		c. RECYCLE [(mode)] (code)

    d.* RECYCLING [(mode)] (code)
  • confirmation of Mode A
    Code selection
    •      		e. CONFIRM SQUAWK (code)

    f.* SQUAWKING (code)
  • operation of the IDENT
    feature
    •      		g. SQUAWK IDENT

    h. SQUAWK NORMAL
  • temporary suspension of transponder operation
    		• i. SQUAWK STANDBY
  • emergency code selection
    •      		j. SQUAWK MAYDAY
  • termination of transponder
    operation
    		• k. STOP SQUAWK
  • transmission of pressure
    altitude
    •      		l. SQUAWK CHARLIE
  • pressure setting check and confirmation of level
    •      		m. CHECK ALTIMETER SETTING AND CONFIRM LEVEL
  • termination of pressure
    altitude transmission
    because of faulty operation
    •      		n. STOP SQUAWK CHARLIE, WRONG INDICATION
  • altitude check
    •      		•o. VERIFY [LEVEL] (level)
    2. Advice on Traffic Level Where the Mode C Data Has Not Been Verified •a. UNVERIFIED LEVEL (level)
    43. APPROACH RADAR SERVICES

    Circumstances

    Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. Vectoring for ILS and Other Pilot–Interpreted Approaches a. VECTORING FOR (type of pilot–interpreted aid) APPROACH RUNWAY (number)

    b. VECTORING FOR VISUAL APPROACH RUNWAY (number) REPORT FIELD (or RUNWAY) IN SIGHT

    c. VECTORING FOR (positioning in the circuit)

    d. (type) APPROACH NOT AVAILABLE DUE (reason) (alternative instructions)

    e. POSITION (number) MILES FROM (fix), TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits)

    f. CLEARED FOR (type) APPROACH RUNWAY (number)

    g.* RUNWAY (number)

    h. MAINTAIN ALTITUDE (altitude) UNTIL GLIDE PATH INTERCEPTION
    2. Independent and Dependent Parallel Runway Approaches a. CLEARED FOR ILS (or MLS) APPROACH RUNWAY (number) LEFT (or RIGHT)

    b. YOU HAVE CROSSED THE ILS LOCALIZER (or MLS FINAL APPROACH TRACK), TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) IMMEDIATELY AND RETURN TO THE LOCALIZER COURSE (or MLS FINAL APPROACH TRACK)
    3. Azimuth a. YOU WILL INTERCEPT (radio aid or track) (distance) FROM (significant point or TOUCHDOWN)
  • when a pilot wishes to be positioned a specific distance from touchdown
    •      		b.* REQUEST (distance) FINAL
  • instructions and information
    •      		c. REPORT ESTABLISHED [ON MLS APPROACH TRACK] or [ON ILS (LOCALIZER) or (GLIDE PATH)]

    d. CLOSING FROM LEFT(or RIGHT) [REPORT ESTABLISHED]

    e. INTERCEPT (radio aid) [REPORT ESTABLISHED]

    f. FLY HEADING (three digits), WHEN ABLE PROCEED DIRECT (name) (waypoint, facility or fix)

    g. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits) [TO INTERCEPT or REPORT ESTABLISHED]

    h. EXPECT VECTOR ACROSS (localizer course or aid) (reason)

    i. THIS TURN WILL TAKE YOU THROUGH (aid) [reason]

    j. TAKING YOU THROUGH (aid) [reason]
    4. Position a. (distance) FROM TOUCHDOWN
    44. SURVEILLANCE RADAR APPROACH

    Circumstances

    Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. Vectoring for Surveillance Radar Approach (SRA) a. THIS WILL BE A SURVEILLANCE RADAR APPROACH RUNWAY (number) TERMINATING AT (distance) FROM TOUCHDOWN, OBSTACLE CLEARANCE ALTITUDE (or HEIGHT) (number) FEET, CHECK YOUR MINIMA [IN CASE OF GO AROUND (instructions)]
      b. VECTORING FOR SURVEILLANCE RADAR APPROACH RUNWAY (number)

    c. APPROACH INSTRUCTIONS WILL BE TERMINATED AT (distance) FROM TOUCHDOWN
    2. Checks a. CHECK GEAR DOWN
    3. Elevation a. COMMENCE DESCENT NOW [TO MAINTAIN A (number) DEGREE GLIDE PATH]

    b. (distance) FROM TOUCHDOWN ALTITUDE (or HEIGHT) SHOULD BE (numbers and units)
    4. Completion of Approach a. APPROACH COMPLETED [CONTACT (unit)]
    5. Missed Approach Procedure •a. IF NOT VISUAL AT THE MISSED APPROACH POINT (instructions)

    b. CONTINUE VISUALLY OR GO AROUND [missed approach instructions]

    c. GO AROUND IMMEDIATELY [missed approach instructions] (reason)

    d.* GOING AROUND
    6. Where MDA / MAPt Are Not Collocated •a. AT MDA, YOU SHOULD BE AT (level)

    •b. MDA NOW MAINTAIN (level) UNTIL VISUAL
      •c. CONTINUE HEADING (three digits)

    •d. TURN RIGHT/LEFT (number) DEGREES HEADING (three digits)

    •e. CLOSING (OR COMING BACK TO) THE CENTRELINE FROM LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (number) DEGREES HEADING (three digits)

    f. DRIFTING (SLOWLY) TO THE LEFT (or RIGHT) OF CENTRELINE
    45. PILOT ACTIONS FOR SPEECHLESS RADAR APPROACH

    Circumstances

    Phraseologies
    * Denotes pilot transmission
    1. Pilot Request for Speechless Radar Approach When Microphone/s Unserviceable •a.* Pilot transmits four (4) separate and distinct unmodulated transmissions of one second duration
    2. Pilot Response to Subsequent Control Questions:  
  • (i) affirmative or
    acknowledgment
    •      		•b.*

    (i) one distinct transmission
  • (ii) negative
    •      		•c.*

    (ii) two separate and distinct
    transmissions
  • (iii) say again
    		• •d.*
    (iii) three separate and
    distinct transmissions
    3. Pilot Indication of a Further and Pertinent Unserviceability or an Emergency •e.* Five (5) separate continuous transmissions
    4. Pilot Indication of Abandoning the Aircraft •f.* A single continuous transmission as long as practicable
    5. Controller Requires Pilot to Indicate When an Instruction Has Been Completed •g. WHEN (condition or instruction is completed) MAKE A TWO SECOND TRANSMISSION

     

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