29

VICINITY OF THE AERODROME

29. VISUAL IDENTIFICATION

Circumstances

Phraseologies
* Denotes pilot transmission

1. Identification of Aircraft

a. SHOW LANDING LIGHT

2. Acknowledgment by Visual Means

a. ACKNOWLEDGE BY MOVING AILERONS (or RUDDER)

b. ACKNOWLEDGE BY ROCKING WINGS

c. ACKNOWLEDGE BY FLASHING LANDING LIGHTS

30. STARTING AND INITIAL CLEARANCE ISSUE

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Starting Procedures to request permission to start engines	a.* [aircraft location] REQUEST START b.* [aircraft location] REQUEST START INFORMATION (ATIS identification)
ATC response	c. START APPROVED d. START AT (time) e. EXPECT START AT (time) f. EXPECT DEPARTURE (time) START AT OWN DISCRETION
2. When Clearance Delivery is in Operation.	a. (aerodrome of first intended landing) REQUEST CLEARANCE
if runway other than runwaynominated is required.	•b.* REQUIRE RUNWAY (number)

31. PUSHBACKS

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Pushback Procedures for Aircraft Note: When local procedures so prescribe, authorisation for pushback should be obtained from the control tower.	a.* [aircraft location] REQUEST PUSHBACK b. PUSHBACK APPROVED c. PUSHBACK AT OWN DISCRETION d. EXPECT (number) MINUTES DELAY DUE (reason)
2. Towing Procedures	a. # REQUEST TOW [company name] (aircraft type) FROM (location) TO (location)
ATC response	b. TOW APPROVED VIA (specific routing to be followed) # Denotes transmission from aircraft/tow vehicle combination
3. To Request Aerodrome Data for Departure when no ATIS broadcast is available	a.* REQUEST DEPARTURE INFORMATION b. RUNWAY (number), WIND (direction and speed), QNH (detail), TEMPERATURE (detail), [VISIBILITY FOR TAKE–OFF (detail) (or RVR) (detail)]

32. TAXI PROCEDURE

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Taxi Procedures for departure at a controlled aerodrome	a.* [flight number] [aircraft type] [wake turbulence category if "heavy"] [POB] RECEIVED (ATIS identification) [SQUAWK (SSR code)] [aircraft location] [flight rules] [TO (aerodrome of destination)] REQUEST TAXI [intentions]
for departure at a non–controlled aerodrome	•b.* ALL STATIONS (location) (aircraft type) [POB] [IFR (if operating IFR)] TAXIING (location) FOR (destination or intentions)
military pilots on local sorties when ready to taxi (include details of flight if not already notified)	Yc.* (number of aircraft) FOR (area of operation) POB (number) [DANGEROUS CARGO] RECEIVED (ATIS code) REQUEST TAXI d. TAXI TO HOLDING POINT [identifier] [RUNWAY (number)] [TIME (minutes)]
where detailed taxi instructions are required	e.* [aircraft type] [wake turbulence category if "heavy"] REQUEST DETAILED TAXI INSTRUCTIONS f. TAXI VIA (specific routing to be followed) TO HOLDING POINT [identifier] [RUNWAY (number)] [TIME (minutes)]
where aerodrome information is not available from an alternative source such as ATIS	g. TAXI TO HOLDING POINT [identifier] (followed by aerodrome information as applicable) [TIME (minutes)]
2. Intersection Departures when a pilot requests an intersection departure when a pilot is offered an intersection departure	•a.* REQUEST INTERSECTION DEPARTURE FROM (taxiway identifier) •b. INTERSECTION DEPARTURE APPROVED HOLD SHORT OF (position) •c. INTERSECTION DEPARTURE AVAILABLE FROM (position) (distance) REMAINING (if this information is not readily available to the pilot) HOLD SHORT (position)
3. Specific Routing	a. TAKE (or TURN) FIRST (or SECOND) LEFT (or RIGHT) b. TAXI VIA (identification of taxiway) c. TAXI VIA RUNWAY (number) d. TAXI TO [TERMINAL or other location, eg GENERAL AVIATION AREA] [STAND (number)]
3. Manoeuvring on Aerodrome general	a.* REQUEST BACKTRACK b. BACKTRACK APPROVED c. BACKTRACK RUNWAY (number) d.* [aircraft location] REQUEST TAXI TO (destination on aerodrome) e. TAXI STRAIGHT AHEAD f. TAXI WITH CAUTION (reason) g. GIVE WAY TO (description and position of other aircraft) h.* GIVING WAY TO (traffic) i. TAXI INTO HOLDING BAY j. FOLLOW (description of other aircraft or vehicle) k. VACATE RUNWAY
Note: The pilot must, when requested, report "RUNWAY VACATED" when the aircraft is well clear of the runway.	l.* RUNWAY VACATED m. EXPEDITE TAXI [reason] n.* EXPEDITING

33. AERODROME MOVEMENTS

Circumstances

Phraseologies
* Denotes pilot transmission

1. Holding

Note: The procedure words ROGER and WILCO are insufficient acknowledgment of the instructions HOLD, HOLD POSITION and HOLD SHORT OF (position). In each case, the acknowledgment must be by the phraseology HOLDING or HOLDING SHORT, as appropriate.

a. HOLD (direction) OF (position, runway number, etc)

b. HOLD POSITION

c. HOLD SHORT OF (position)

d.* HOLDING

e.* HOLDING SHORT

2. To Cross a Runway

Note: If the control tower is unable to see the crossing aircraft (eg, night, low visibility, etc), the instruction should always be accompanied by a request to report when the aircraft has vacated and is clear of the runway.

a.* REQUEST CROSS RUNWAY (number)

b. CROSS RUNWAY (number) [REPORT VACATED]

c.* CROSSING RUNWAY (number)

d. EXPEDITE CROSSING RUNWAY (number) TRAFFIC (aircraft type) (distance) MILES FINAL

34. RUNWAY OPERATIONS

Note: The runway should be stated when the caller wishes to emphasise, on frequency, the runway to be occupied, or there is the possibility of confusion during multiple runway operations.

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Preparation for Take–off if unable to issue take–off clearance	a. REPORT WHEN READY [FOR DEPARTURE] b. ARE YOU READY FOR IMMEDIATE DEPARTURE? c.* READY d. WAIT [reason]
2. Clearance to Enter Runway and Await Take–Off
when the pilot desires to enter the runway and assume take–off position for checks before departure	•a.* REQUEST LINE-UP [REQUIRE (required number of seconds delay in lined–up position before departure) SECONDS ON RUNWAY] b. LINE UP [AND WAIT] [RUNWAY (number)] [BE READY FOR IMMEDIATE DEPARTURE]
conditional clearances	c. (condition) LINE UP [RUNWAY (number)]
acknowledgment of a conditional clearance	d.* (condition) LINING UP [RUNWAY (number)]
3. Take–off Clearance when there is a possibility of confusion	a. CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF [REPORT AIRBORNE] b. RUNWAY (number) CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF
when take–off clearance has not been complied with	c. TAKE OFF IMMEDIATELY OR VACATE RUNWAY d. TAKE OFF IMMEDIATELY OR HOLD SHORT OF THE RUNWAY
3. Take–off Clearance (Cont.) when SIMOPS (LAHSO) are in use	•e. (aircraft type) LANDING ON CROSSING RUNWAY WILL HOLD SHORT - RUNWAY (number) CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF
when a radar SID has been issued	•f. ASSIGNED HEADING RIGHT (or LEFT) (three digits) (plus any altitude restriction) [RUNWAY (number)] CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF g.* LEFT (or RIGHT) (three digits) (plus any altitude restriction) RUNWAY (number) CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF
when a radar SID has been issued with a heading which approximates the runway bearing (rounded off to the nearest 5°) the instruction will not include a direction of turn	•h. ASSIGNED HEADING (degrees) CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF •i.* HEADING (three digits) CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF
when an IFR aircraft is cleared for a visual departure to a level above MVA, MSA or LSALT	•j. (instructions) VISUAL UNTIL PASSING (visual level requirement) •k.* (instructions) VISUAL UNTIL PASSING (visual level requirement)
when an IFR aircraft is cleared for a visual departure and the level assigned is at the MVA, MSA or LSALT	•l. (instructions) VISUAL UNTIL REACHING •m.* (instructions) VISUAL UNTIL REACHING
4. Take–off Clearance Cancellation	a. HOLD POSITION, CANCEL, I SAY AGAIN CANCEL TAKE–OFF (reasons) b.* HOLDING
to stop a take–off in emergency conditions	c. STOP IMMEDIATELY (repeat aircraft callsign) STOP IMMEDIATELY d.* STOPPING RUNWAY (number)

35. HELICOPTER OPERATION ON AERODROMES

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Helicopter Operations air taxi or air transit for departure and arrival	a.* REQUEST AIR TAXI (or AIR TRANSIT or GROUND TAXI) FROM (or VIA) TO (location or routing as appropriate)
	b. AIR TAXI (or AIR TRANSIT or GROUND TAXI) TO (or VIA) (location, parking position, stand, or routing as appropriate) [CAUTION (dust, loose debris, taxiing light aircraft, personnel, wake turbulence, etc)]
	c. AIR TAXI (or AIR TRANSIT or GROUND TAXI) VIA (direct, as requested, or specified route) TO (location, heliport, parking position, stand, operating or movement area, active or inactive runway) AVOID (aircraft or vehicles or personnel)
2. Departure From Other Than the Manoeuvring Area	a. [FROM] (present position, taxiway, final approach and take–off area, runway and number) CLEARED FOR TAKE–OFF
	b.* REQUEST DEPARTURE INSTRUCTIONS
	c. AFTER DEPARTURE TURN RIGHT (or LEFT, or CLIMB) (instructions as appropriate)
3. Arrival	a.* REQUEST STRAIGHT–IN (or CIRCLING APPROACH, LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN TO (location)) b. MAKE STRAIGHT–IN (or CIRCLING APPROACH, LEFT(or RIGHT) TURN TO (location, runway, taxiway, final approach and take–off area)) [ARRIVAL (or ARRIVAL ROUTE) (number name, or code)] [HOLD SHORT OF (active runway, extended runway centreline, other)] [REMAIN (direction or distance) FROM (runway, runway centreline, other helicopter or aircraft)] [CAUTION (power lines, unlit obstructions, wake turbulence, etc)] CLEARED TO LAND

36. AFTER TAKE–OFF

Note: ALL "level" reports to Radar must be to the nearest 100FT.

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Tracking After Take–Off	a.* REQUEST RIGHT (or LEFT) TURN [WHEN AIRBORNE] b. LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN APPROVED c. AFTER PASSING (level) (instructions)
heading to be followed	d.CONTINUE ON (magnetic direction of runway) (instructions)
when a specific track is to be followed	e.TRACK (magnetic direction of runway) (instructions) f. CLIMB STRAIGHT AHEAD (instructions)
2. Airborne Report - Radar unrestricted turn to track	•a. TURNING LEFT (or RIGHT) PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (level)
heading specified by ATC	•b.* TURNING LEFT (or RIGHT) (three digits) PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (level) or •c.* MAINTAINING RUNWAY HEADING PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (level)
confirmation of an assigned Radar SID heading when establishing contact with ATC and unable to execute turn immediately due procedural requirements	•d.* ASSIGNED HEADING LEFT (or RIGHT) (three digits) PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (level)
when assigned heading approximates runway bearing	e.* HEADING (three digits) PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (level)
3. Airborne Report - Non–radar when notifying departure report to a control tower	a.* DEPARTED (time) TRACKING (track being flown) [FROM (reference aid used to establish track) or VIA SID identifier)] CLIMBING TO (level) or
contacting non–radar unit other than departure aerodrome	•b. * DEPARTED (location) (time in minutes) TRACKING [TO INTERCEPT] (track) CLIMBING TO (level)
4. Departure Reports departing an uncontrolled aerodrome	•a.* DEPARTED (location) (time in minutes) TRACKING (three digits) CLIMBING TO (intended level) or •b.* DEPARTED (location) (time in minutes) TRACKING TO INTERCEPT (track) CLIMBING TO (intended level)

37. RADAR COMMUNICATION AND NAVIGATION

*Circumstances*	*Phraseologies* * Denotes pilot transmission
1. Communications	a. [IF] RADIO CONTACT LOST (instructions) b. IF NO TRANSMISSIONS RECEIVED FOR (number) MINUTES (or SECONDS) (instructions) c. REPLY NOT RECEIVED (instructions)
if loss of communication is suspected	d. IF YOU READ [manoeuvre instructions or SQUAWK (code or IDENT)] e. (manoeuvre or SQUAWK) OBSERVED, POSITION (position of aircraft), WILL CONTINUE TO PASS INSTRUCTIONS
2. Aircraft Directional Indicator Failure when notified by pilot	•a. COMPASS FAILURE ACKNOWLEDGED, RADAR SERVICE WILL CONTINUE USING NO–COMPASS PROCEDURES, CONFIRM FAMILIAR
when suspected by ATC	•b. CONFIRM HEADING
if heading response appears at variance with the track of the radar return	•c. SUSPECT YOUR COMPASS HAS FAILED, RADAR SERVICE WILL CONTINUE USING NO–COMPASS PROCEDURES, CONFIRM FAMILIAR
2. Aircraft Directional Indicator Failure (Cont.) In case of unreliable directional instruments on board aircraft	d. MAKE ALL TURNS RATE ONE (or RATE HALF or (number) DEGREES PER SECOND) EXECUTE INSTRUCTIONS IMMEDIATELY UPON RECEIPT e. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) NOW f. STOP TURN NOW

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