Name: GENETICS Name:
Multiple Choice
1. DNA
a) is a complex
molecule b) is not a molecule
c) is a simple
molecule d) is not a gene
2. DNA is an abbreviation for
a) ribonucleic acid b)
deoxyribonucleic acid
b) denatured
alcohol d) none
of these
3. DNA makes up the
a) chromosome b) nucleus c) gene d) nucleolus
4. The DNA molecule consists of
a series of ___ joined together
a) compounds b) bases c)
sugars d) nucleotides
5. The base adenine is always
joined with
a) thymine b) cytosine c) guanine d)
phosphate
6. DNA controls
a) making of
proteins c)
manufacturing ATP
b) making of
vitamins d) no
activities of the cell
7. RNA uses a series of
_______ in its work
a) triplet bases b) quad bases c) twin bases d) six bases
8. Human eggs and sperms have 23
chromosomes each, while all other body cells have
a) 12 chromosomes b) 46 chromosomes c) 72 chromosomes d) 23 chromosomes
9. Which combination of genes is
heterozygous?
a) AA b) aa c)
Aa d) none of the above
10. Drosophilia is a
a) fruit fly b) house fly c) damselfly d) horse fly
11. Humans are similar to oak
trees in that the hereditary materials used by both organism are
a) nucleic acids b) cells c) oxygen and carbon dioxide d) enzymes
12. DNA is found in what part of
the cell?
a) nucleus b) enzymes c) membrane d)
ribosomes
13. Mutations occur when
a) the wrong
nucleotide is attached on a DNA strand
b) the nucleus
fails to produce proteins
c) the DNA passes
through the cell membrane
d) white blood
cells attack invading microbes.
14. Mendel crossed pea plants
with green seeds (yy) with yellow seeds (YY).
The offspring were
a) 100% green b) 50% yellow c) 100% yellow d) 25%
green
15. If the F1 plants from
problem 1 were crossed with each other, what percentage of the offspring would
be green?
a)50% b) 0% c)
100% d) 25 %
16. Organisms with the genotypes
Bb and BB have the same phenotype because
a) B is dominant
over b b) genes
separate independently
c) genes assort
independently d)
all of these
17. In pea plants, purple
flowers are dominant over white flowers.
If two heterozygous purple flowered plants are crossed, the resulting
ratio of phenotypes in the F1 generation is
a) 1:1 b) 3:1 c)
1:2:1 d) none of these
18. Four- o'clocks exhibit
incomplete dominance for flower colour.
If two heterozygous pink (rw) plants are crossed, the probable ratio of
genotypes in the offspring is
a) 3 rw:1 ww b) 1 rr: 2 rw: 1 ww c) 1 rr: 1 rw: 1 ww d) 1 rr: 1 ww
19. Meiosis is called reduction
division because it results in
a) haploid cells b) diploid cells
c) fewer cells than
before d) none of the above
20. If a heterozygous, short
haired black rabbit (BbSs) is crossed with a long- haired brown rabbit (bbss),
the percent of short haired brown rabbits in the F1 generation is
a) 100% b) 50% c)
25 % d) 0%
The next two questions are concerned with hemophilia.
21. An 8 year old boy exhibits
hemopheilia. He most probably inherited
this sex-linked disease from:
a) his mother b) his father c) a gene mutation
d) both of his
parents
22. If by some chance this boy
did live past puberty and marreid a woman who carried the diseasse, what is the
probability that their daughters would have the disease?
A)100% b) 50% c) 25% d)0%
23. A new inheritable trait
that appears without any visible change in the chromosomes is most likely due
to a:
a) dominant gene b) recessive gene c) gene mutation d)sex-linked trait
The next three questions are based on the following about parental blood
types and a child
Parents 1: type A
and type A
Parents 2: type O
and type O
Parents 3: type AB
and type O
Parents 4: type B
and type A
child : type O
24. The only parents that could
not be parents of child X are
a) 1 b) 2 c)
3 d) 4
25. If the child were blood type
AB, which of the above could be its parents
a) 1 b) 2 c)
3 d) 4
26. If the child were bood type
B, which of the abouve could be its parents?
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d)
3 and 4
Use the following key to answer the next five questions
Key
A--- autosomes
B--- X chromosome
C--- Y chromosome
D--- X and Y chromosomes
27. ______ These are referred to
as sex chromosomes
28. ______ Are in excess in
Klinefelter's disease
29. ______ We normally have 22
pair of them
30. ______ Missing in Turner,s
Syndrome
31. ______ An extra one is the
cause of down's syndrome
32. The weakest chemical bonds
are between
a) nitrogen bases b) bases and sugars c) sugars and phosphates
d) bases and
phosphates
Fill in the blanks
33. The study of heredity began
with the work of ____________.
34. Female sex chromosomes are
represented by the letters ___________, while those of the male sex are
_______. (human)
35. When a pure tall pea plant
is crossed with a pure dwarf plant, all the resulting pea plants are ______ in
size. This experiment shows that the
characteristic for tallness was ____________ and the characteristic for
dwarfness was_____________.
36. In replicating, the sequence
of _______________ in the DNA molecule must be duplicated exactly.
37. On the rare occasions of
proofreading error, a small random change in the genetic instructions is called
a _______________.
38. On the line beside each
phrase in column I print the letter of the matching word from Column II
column I column
II
_____ The stage in mitosis in which chromosomes migrate to opposite
poles a) albino
_____ Threads along which chromosomes migrate during mitosis b)
anaphase
_____ The gene conbination expressing pure dwarf c)
interphase
_____ Great American geneticist d)
mutation
_____ An organism lacking pigmentation f)
prophase
_____ A 1:2:1 combination of offspring indicates that boyh parents were g) Muller
_____ a gene which produces a fatal characteristic h)
tt
_____ the biologist who was first to show that gene mutations can be
caused by i) mongolism
radiation j)
pure tall
_____ Down's syndrome is the medical name for k)
sex linked
_____ a cross between a horse mare and a male donkey l)
Watson
m)
Mendel
n)
hybrid
o)
zebra
p)
cross-linked
q)
TT
r)
mule
s)
spindles
Short answer
1. Briefly describe the stage
that a cell goes through before it begins the actual process of mitosis
2. What are three differences
between mitosis and meiosis?
3. How does mitosis differ in
plant and animal cells?
4. Distinguish between the
following terms
diploid and haploid
homozygous and
heterozygous
transcription and
translation
centriole and
kinetochore
chromosome and
chromatid
5. Briefly explain one of the
following Laws of heredity
(Law of segregation, Law of
independent assortment)
6. The following group of
letters represents a strand of DNA.
Give the corresponding mRNA, tRNA and amino acid sequence which is transcribed.
DNA A C G T C G A C T C G A T G
C
MRNA
TRNA
amino
acids
7. Why can't a DNA molecule
leave the nucleus?
8. How do amino acids get to a
ribosome?
9 Explain one mutation and give
one example.
10. DNA replication does not
take place between Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
What would likely happen to the gametes if it did take place?
11. What advantages, if any,
does a sexually reproducing organism have over an asexually reproducing one?
12. In mice, the gene for coloured fur is dominant over the gene for
white fur. A hybrid male is crossed
with a pure white female.
a) use symbols to represent the genotype of the parents
b) use a Punnett square to calculate the phenotypes and genotypes of the
F1 generation.
13. Is it possible for two brown
eyed parents to have a blue-eyed offspring?
Use a Punnett square to prove your answer?
14. In sheep, white hair (W) is
dominant over black hair (w). A test
cross was make between a black sheep and a white sheep. One half of the offspring were black and one
half were white. What is the genotype
of the white
parent? How do you know?
15. In the diagram, label each
of the stages of mitosis. Also identify
the nucleus, nucleolus, spindle, chromatids and cell plate.