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Chap3quizB

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
The figure below shows the

chapter3b_files/i0020000.jpg
a.
chapter3b_files/i0020001.jpg pleated sheet secondary structure of a polypeptide.
b.
chapter3b_files/i0020002.jpg helix secondary structure of a polypeptide.
c.
1-4 linkage of the chapter3b_files/i0020003.jpg glucose monomers of starch.
d.
double helical structure of a DNA molecule.
e.
1-4 linkage of the chapter3b_files/i0020004.jpg glucose monomers of cellulose.
 

 2. 
Chitin is a polysaccharide with __________ atoms attached to the glucose backbone.
a.
nitrogen
b.
phosphorus
c.
magnesium
d.
sulfur
e.
potassium
 

 3. 
All of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except
a.
adenine.
b.
cytosine.
c.
uracil.
d.
guanine.
e.
thymine.
 

 4. 
If 128 molecules of the general type shown in the figure below were covalently joined together in sequence, the single molecule that would result would be a

chapter3b_files/i0050000.jpg

a.
monosaccharide.
b.
polyunsaturated lipid.
c.
polypeptide.
d.
polysaccharide.
e.
disaccharide.
 

 5. 
Sucrose is composed of
a.
a molecule of fructose and a molecule of galactose.
b.
two molecules of fructose.
c.
a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose.
d.
two molecules of glucose.
e.
two molecules of fructose.
 

 6. 
Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?
a.
Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breaks down polymers.
b.
Hydrolysis only occurs in the urinary system, and dehydration reactions only occur in the digestive tract.
c.
Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis.
d.
Hydrolysis creates monomers, and dehydration reactions break down polymers.
e.
A and C are correct.
 
 
The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

chapter3b_files/i0080000.jpg
 

 7. 
Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic "head" region and a hydrophobic "tail" region?
a.
2
b.
11
c.
7
d.
9
e.
5
 

 8. 
Which of the following molecules is a saturated fatty acid?
a.
8
b.
1
c.
9
d.
6
e.
5
 

 9. 
Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide?
a.
3, 7, and 8
b.
12, 14, and 15
c.
5, 9, and 10
d.
11, 12, and 13
e.
1, 2, and 11
 

 10. 
A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between
a.
three molecules of 5 and one molecule of 9.
b.
one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10.
c.
three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10.
d.
one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10.
e.
one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9.
 

 11. 
An -OH group is a(n) __________ group.
a.
ketone
b.
hydroxyl
c.
amino
d.
carboxyl
e.
methyl
 
 
Use the figure below to answer the following questions.

chapter3b_files/i0140000.jpg
 

 12. 
At which bond would water need to be added to achieve hydrolysis of the peptide, back to its component amino acid?
a.
Bond D
b.
Bond B
c.
Bond C
d.
Bond E
e.
Bond A
 

 13. 
The two strands making up the DNA double helix molecule
a.
cannot be separated.
b.
contain uracil but not thymine.
c.
contain ribose and deoxyribose in opposite strands.
d.
are held together by hydrogen bonds.
e.
are attached through a phosphate to hold the strands together.
 

 14. 
Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the form of
a.
glucose.
b.
starch.
c.
cellulose.
d.
glycogen.
e.
fats.
 

 15. 
Of the following functions, the major purpose of RNA is to
a.
transmit genetic information to offspring.
b.
form the genes of higher organisms.
c.
act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNA.
d.
function in the synthesis of protein.
e.
make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity.
 

 16. 
The molecule shown in the figure below is a

chapter3b_files/i0190000.jpg

a.
polysaccharide.
b.
polypeptide.
c.
unsaturated fatty acid.
d.
saturated fatty acid.
e.
triacylglycerol.
 

 17. 
A -COOH group is a(n) __________ group.
a.
ketone
b.
amino
c.
methyl
d.
carboxyl
e.
hydroxyl
 

 18. 
The chemical reaction illustrated in the figure below results in the formation of a (an)

chapter3b_files/i0210000.jpg

a.
glycosidic linkage.
b.
ester linkage.
c.
phosphodiester linkage.
d.
peptide bond.
e.
ionic bond.
 

 19. 
Large organic molecules are usually assembled by polymerization of a few kinds of simple subunits. Which of the following is an exception to this statement?
a.
DNA
b.
cellulose
c.
a contractile protein
d.
a steroid
e.
an enzyme
 

 20. 
What would be an unexpected consequence of changing one amino acid in a protein consisting of 325 amino acids?
a.
The primary structure of the protein would be changed.
b.
The tertiary structure of the protein might be changed.
c.
The biological activity or function of the protein might be altered.
d.
Only A and C are correct.
e.
A, B, and C are correct.
 

 21. 
Which of the following are polysaccharides?
a.
glycogen
b.
starch
c.
chitin
d.
A and B only
e.
A, B, and C
 

 22. 
Which of the following best describes the flow of information in eukaryotic cells?
a.
RNA chapter3b_files/i0250000.jpg DNA chapter3b_files/i0250001.jpg proteins
b.
RNA chapter3b_files/i0250002.jpg proteins chapter3b_files/i0250003.jpg DNA
c.
DNA chapter3b_files/i0250004.jpg RNA chapter3b_files/i0250005.jpg proteins
d.
proteins chapter3b_files/i0250006.jpg DNA chapter3b_files/i0250007.jpg RNA
e.
DNA chapter3b_files/i0250008.jpg proteins chapter3b_files/i0250009.jpg RNA
 

 23. 
Which is a monomer of carbohydrates?
a.
glycogen
b.
both simple sugar and monosaccharide
c.
simple sugar
d.
monosaccharide
e.
nucleotide
 

 24. 
Dehydration reactions are used in forming which of the following compounds?
a.
triacylglycerides
b.
polysaccharides
c.
proteins
d.
A and C only
e.
A, B, and C
 

 25. 
Plasma membranes are characterized by the presence of
a.
triglycerides.
b.
fatty acids.
c.
phospholipids.
d.
unsaturated fats.
e.
steroids.
 

 26. 
In the double helix structure of nucleic acids, cytosine hydrogen bonds to
a.
adenine.
b.
deoxyribose.
c.
guanine.
d.
thymine.
e.
ribose.
 

 27. 
What maintains the secondary structure of a protein?
a.
hydrogen bonds
b.
peptide bonds
c.
disulfide bonds
d.
phosphodiester bonds
e.
ionic bonds
 

 28. 
Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by
a.
monerans.
b.
animals.
c.
protistans.
d.
both animals and protistans.
e.
plants.
 

 29. 
Oils are
a.
both liquid at room temperature and unsaturated fats.
b.
liquid at room temperatures.
c.
unsaturated fats.
d.
complex carbohydrates.
e.
found only in animals.
 

 30. 
The element nitrogen is present in all of the following except
a.
proteins.
b.
amino acids.
c.
DNA.
d.
monosaccharides.
e.
nucleic acids.
 

 31. 
Sugar dissolves in water because
a.
it is a nonpolar molecule; water can form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups; and it forms rings when it gets wet.
b.
water can form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups.
c.
it forms rings when it gets wet.
d.
it is a nonpolar molecule and water can form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups.
e.
it is a nonpolar molecule.
 

 32. 
A molecule with the chemical formula C16H32O16 is probably a
a.
lipid.
b.
protein.
c.
carbohydrate.
d.
hydrocarbon.
e.
nucleic acid.
 

 33. 
A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. This DNA molecule could be comprised of
a.
240 adenine and 240 cytosine molecules.
b.
120 cytosine and 120 thymine molecules.
c.
120 thymine and 120 adenine molecules.
d.
240 guanine and 240 thymine molecules.
e.
120 adenine and 120 uracil molecules.
 

 34. 
Nucleotides contain what kind of sugars?
a.
seven-carbon
b.
five-carbon
c.
three-carbon
d.
six-carbon
e.
four-carbon
 

 35. 
Which of the following is not one of the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms?
a.
glucose
b.
carbohydrates
c.
proteins
d.
nucleic acids
e.
lipids
 



 
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