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photosynthesis

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the 18O label. That one exception is
a.
PGA.
b.
PGAL.
c.
glucose.
d.
RuBP.
e.
O2.
 

 2. 
What is the primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a.
to produce energy-rich glucose from carbon dioxide and water
b.
to produce ATP and NADPH
c.
to produce NADPH used in respiration
d.
to convert light energy to the chemical energy of PGAL
e.
to use ATP to make glucose
 

 3. 
A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are not being absorbed by this pigment?
a.
red and yellow
b.
blue and violet
c.
green and yellow
d.
blue, green, and red
e.
green, blue, and violet
 
 
Use the following information to answer the questions below.

Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
 

 4. 
What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?
a.
Bacteria released excess carbon dioxide in these areas.
b.
Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light.
c.
Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released.
d.
Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.
e.
Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.
 

 5. 
An outcome of this experiment was to help determine
a.
the relationship between heterotrophic and autotrophic organisms.
b.
the relationship between wavelengths of light and the rate of aerobic respiration.
c.
the relationship between wavelengths of light and the amount of heat released.
d.
the relationship between wavelengths of light and the oxygen released during photosynthesis.
e.
the relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the rate of photosynthesis.
 

 6. 
The figure below shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

chap7quiz_files/i0080000.jpg
a.
Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths.
b.
Bright sunlight destroys photosynthetic pigments.
c.
Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light.
d.
Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a.
e.
Aerobic bacteria take up oxygen which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis.
 

 7. 
What wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis?
a.
420 mm
b.
475 mm
c.
575 mm
d.
625 mm
e.
730 mm
 

 8. 
In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?
a.
split water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll
b.
harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
c.
synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi
d.
transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH
e.
concentrate photons within the stroma
 

 9. 
The reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I is known as P700 because
a.
there are 700 chlorophyll molecules in the center.
b.
this pigment is best at absorbing light with a wavelength of 700 nm.
c.
there are 700 photosystem I components to each chloroplast.
d.
it absorbs 700 photons per microsecond.
e.
the plastoquinone reflects light with a wavelength of 700 nm.
 

 10. 
Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis are true?
a.
The splitting of water molecules provides a source of electrons.
b.
Chlorophyll (and other pigments) absorb light energy, which excites electrons.
c.
ATP is generated by photophosphorylation.
d.
Only A and C are true.
e.
A, B, and C are true.
 

 11. 
Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?
a.
the splitting of water
b.
the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
c.
the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
d.
the synthesis of ATP
e.
the reduction of NADP+
 

 12. 
In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from
a.
the stroma to the photosystem II.
b.
the matrix to the stroma.
c.
the stroma to the thylakoid space.
d.
the intermembrane space to the matrix.
e.
ATP synthase to NADP+ reductase.
 

 13. 
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
a.
Respiration is the reversal of the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis.
b.
Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it.
c.
Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals.
d.
ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration.
e.
Respiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic.
 

 14. 
Where is the electron transport chain found in plant cells?
a.
thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
b.
stroma of chloroplasts
c.
inner membrane of mitochondria
d.
matrix of mitochondria
e.
cytoplasm
 
 
Refer to the choices to answer the following questions. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Indicate whether the following events occur during

A.
photosynthesis
B.
respiration
C.
both photosynthesis and respiration
D.
neither photosynthesis nor respiration
 

 15. 
synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
 

 16. 
reduction of oxygen which forms water
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
 

 17. 
generation of proton gradients across membranes
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
 
 
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. Use the following key:

A.
light reactions alone
B.
the Calvin cycle alone
C.
both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
D.
neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
E.
occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
 

 18. 
produces molecular oxygen (O2)
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 19. 
requires ATP
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 20. 
produces NADH
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 21. 
produces NADPH
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 22. 
produces three-carbon sugars
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 23. 
requires CO2
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 24. 
inactive in the dark
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 25. 
Which of the following is (are) true of the enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase?
a.
It participates in the Calvin cycle.
b.
It catalyzes a phosphorylation reaction.
c.
It has an affinity for both O2 and CO2.
d.
A and C are true.
e.
A, B, and C are true.
 

 26. 
What are the substrates (normal reactants) for the enzyme RuBP carboxylase?
a.
CO2 and O2
b.
CO2 and glucose
c.
ATP and NADPH
d.
triose-P, glucose, and CO2
e.
CO2 and ATP
 

 27. 
CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they
a.
fix CO2 into organic acids during the night.
b.
fix CO2 into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells.
c.
fix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells.
d.
use the enzyme phosphofructokinase, which outcompetes rubisco for CO2.
e.
use photosystems I and II at night.
 

 28. 
In C4 photosynthesis, carbon fixation takes place in the ____ cells, and then is transferred as malic or aspartic acid to ____ cells, where carbon dioxide is released for entry into the Calvin cycle.
a.
mesophyll; bundle-sheath
b.
stomatal; mesophyll
c.
bundle-sheath; epidermal
d.
epidermal; mesophyll
e.
stomatal; epidermal
 

 29. 
Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by preventing the formation of
a.
carbon dioxide molecules.
b.
3-phosphoglycerate molecules
c.
ATP molecules.
d.
ribulose bisphosphate molecules.
e.
RuBP carboxylase molecules.
 

 30. 
Plants that fix CO2 into organic acids at night when the stomata are open and carry out the Calvin cycle during the day when the stomata are closed are called
a.
C3 plants.
b.
C4 plants.
c.
CAM plants.
d.
B and C only.
e.
A, B, and C
 



 
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