| The Order of the Liberty Cross where devided in to two different branches, 1 military and 1 Civilian. The Military branch was to be awarded for Bravery in the field and successfully preformed military operations, the Civilian for Merits during a war. The Medals of the Liberty Cross was to be awarded to brave non-commissioned officers and privates. As the military branch the Civilian statues held 5 different classes: * The Grand Cross * 1st class Cross * 2nd class Cross * 3rd class Cross * 4th class Cross The Order of Liberty Crosses are of the St:Georg type. The Grand, 1st and 2nd class crosses are coated with white enamel on both the obverse and reverse sides. The centerpiece on the obverse is holding a goldcontoured Heraldic rose on a black field that�s surrounded of a golden rim. On the crossarms are a golden swastika, the reverse of the cross has the year 1918 in gold. The swastika is an old ancient symbol that has been used by many nations both in the old and new world. It�s not quite clear what the motive was for the use of the swastika on this Award. The swastika where also established in the finnish Airforce as an national insignia, it could be that the first military or fighterplane was given by the swedish famous explorer, Count Eric von Rosen in early march 1918 did have blue swastikas painted on the wings. |
|||||||||
![]() |
|||||||||
![]() |
|||||||||
| The first finnish airplane given by Eric von Rosen, it was flown to Vaasa in march 1918. | |||||||||
| The dimensions of the Liberty Crosses and Medals of the Liberty Cross was not established in the statues but the awards where manufactured accordingly to Gallen-Kallela�s sketches and assignments in the following sizes: *The Grand Cross 53x53 mm�s * Liberty Cross 1 class 49 x 49 mm�s * Crosses of the lower classes 38 x 38 mm�s * Medals of the Liberty Cross 29 mm`s Over the Military crosses is a golden, 26 mm wide & 20 mm high, wreath of leaves with armoured knights arms taken from the Carelian crest that symbolizes the Western country struggle against the Eastern country. The Civilian crosses are the same as the military in both size and appearance but in a golden wreath which right side is of Laurel leafs and left side is of Oak leafs and don�t have the above mentioned armoured arms. The Star of the Grand Cross, that are to be worn on the leaft breast, is a 5 pointed star of silver that is looking like a bundle of sunbeams. The distance from the middle to the starpointed ends are 44 mm�s. In the centre of the obverse is a Heraldic rose in white enamel that is placed upon a swastika in gold on a black field that is surrounded of a ringshaped red frame with the finnish inscription "Is�nmaan Puolesta" (For the Fatherland) in gold. The Star of the Grand Cross is also decorated with 2 crossed swords that points upwards made in gold. The Star accordingly to Gallen-Kallela�s drawings had the sunbeam bundle pointing downwards and was made accordingly. The downwards pointing Stars of the Grand Cross was not estheticly appealing or accordingly to the Heraldic rules so in the early 20�s they became changed so the sunbeam bundle was pointing upwards. No regulation was made so the change was most certainly made on a own initiative by the maker. Officially the Stars was changed uppwards when the Order of the Liberty Cross was re-established in 1939 (Winter War) after that a similar change had been made with the Stars of the Order of the White Rose in 1936. The Grand Cross was to be worn over the shoulder in a wide and long ribbon, the Star on the cheast. They where only awarded to the Societys top elite only. |
|||||||||