CASE SWEDEN
Nazi Connection
The next book tells us about Sweden's crucial role supplying Nazi Germany
iron ore and military facilities.
Especially notorious for their support
to the Nazis were Wallenberg family, SEB bank and
SKF factory. The Swedish government was responsible
for the most iron ore that Nazis received.
Kiruna-Gällivare ore fields in Northern Sweden were all important
to Nazi Germany.
These heavy deliveries of iron ore and military facilities from Sweden to Nazi Germany
lengthened World War II.
Casualties of the war has been estimated at 20 million killed in Europe.
How many of them died due to Sweden's material support to Nazi Germany?
Gerard Aalders and Cees Wiebes The Art of Cloaking Ownership:
The Secret Collaboration and Protection of the
German War Industry by the Neutrals: The Case of Sweden.
The University of Michigan Press.
208 pp. 1996
Fritz, Martin. Swedish iron ore and German steel, 1939-1940.
Scandinavian Economic History Review 21, no.2: 133-144. 1985.
Firms located in 'neutral' Sweden supported the Nazis' financial and industrial leadership.
The case of Enskilda, a bank owned by the still powerful Wallenberg family, proved to be
particularly interesting. Among other things, Enskilda acted as a cloak for the Nazi regime
and helped important German corporations like Bosch, IG Farben and Krupp to hide their
foreign subsidiaries in order to avoid confiscation by the Allied governments.
Resume in German:
Aalders, Gerard & Berger, Susanne
Der Kalte Krieg als Rettung.
Schwedens Nazi-Gold - Neue Einsichten in die
Geschäftsbeziehungen der Familie Wallenberg zu Deutschland, 13 (1998) 1,
S. 183-188 (Bericht aus dem Ausland)
Gerard Aalders und Susanne Berger befassen sich mit den
Transaktionen der schwedischen Familie Wallenberg - nicht allein Schweizer
machten lukrative Geschäfte mit dem »Dritten Reich«, auch andere profitierten vom
deutschen Eroberungs- und Vernichtungskrieg.
In the book Stockholms Enskilda Bank and the Bosch Group, 1939-1950,
the relations between the Bosch Group
and the Stockholms Enskilda Bank (SEB) have been examined
in connection with the economic role of neutral countries and
Germany during World War II. The Swedish SEB purchased
Bosch Group companies outside Germany during 1939-1940,
creating an association with Nazi Germany which colored SEB's
international reputation during the post-war years.
The Boston Globe published
Walter V. Robinson's article Sweden probes a dark secret (July 6, 1997).
But a darker chapter is being written now about the Wallenberg family and
its extensive business empire,
as Sweden confronts dismaying new evidence that the country's wartime collaboration
was more extensive than is widely known, and that the Wallenberg family profited from
secret dealings with the Nazis.
For instance, documents from World War II contain evidence that Jacob and Marcus Wallenberg,
Raoul's cousins, used their Enskilda Bank to help the Nazis dispose of assets seized from
Dutch Jews who died in the Holocaust.
Swedish Racism
One of the best books about Swedish racism is the next one.
The character of this kind of racism xenophobia to other peoples such as
Finns, Saami and Baltic peoples and even very distant Asians
(often called as Mongols by the Swedish racialists, meaning all the Asians).
Kemiläinen, Aira. Finns in the Shadow of the "Aryans": Race Theories and Racism.
Helsinki: Finnish Historical Society, 1998. 320 pp., ill.
The founder of the organized Swedish racism was
A.O. Freudenthal in the 19th century.
Organized racialists still grant, in the 21th century,
a medal named after Freudenthal.
Here is a
list of the Freudenthal medalists.
The Time published on September 22, 1997
James Walsh's article Unnatural selection.
Yet the eugenics program that authorized
sterilizations of 'social undesirables', begun in 1935, continued long
after the war, persisting until an agency that called itself chillingly
the National Institute for Racial Hygiene died a quiet death in 1976. In
postwar decades when Social Democratic Sweden considered itself a citadel
of enlightenment and tolerance, the country was silently pursuing principles
of racial purity long since discredited in most of the world. During those
41 years, some 60,000 Swedes were sterilized as misfits who did not meet
the ideal of the blond, blue-eyed, intelligent Scandinavian.
Genocide suggested by Nesselius
Swedish professor I. Nesselius
suggested in 1708 - 1711 a genocide of the Finns. According
to Nesselius' plan the Finns would have been replaced by the Swedes
everywhere in Finland, except in Lapland where 3 per cent of
the Finns were living, being a historical relic of the Finns in Nesselius' plan.
The rest of the Finns would have been the victims.
This horrible genocide plan was not accepted.
Oppressed Minorities
During the 16th and 17th century Finns were
tempted to move to Central Sweden by Swedish King.
Those Finns were called as Forest Finns.
Väinö Salminen describes their life of the 17th century,
when the Swedes tried their ethnic cleansing
authorized by Swedish king.
This ethnic cleansing was not successful thanks to
Finns' strong resistance; however many Finns were killed.
In this difficult situation
some Finns fled to close Norway or distant Delaware in America.
(Finnish source: Väinö Salminen, Skandinavian suomalaiset, 1906, in Namsarai,
Finnish Literature Society, 1999)
In the 16th century Sweden occupied Scania (aka Skåne), the southernmost part of
the Scandinavian peninsula. The Danish inhabitants of Scania
met very intolerant Swedish regime, which denied their national rights and
killed some of them.
All the minority people (Finns, Saamis and Danes)
were punished for speaking their mother tongue
by the Swedish government in 1600-1960.
Today's situation is little better.
Tragic End
According to Amnesty International two Swedish policemen
tortured and killed Mr Osmo Vallo on May 30, 1995. The late Osmo Vallo
was a Finn.
A further post-mortem on the body of Osmo Vallo was performed in February 1999.
The post-mortem report concluded that the main cause of death was the violence
of the arresting police officers and, in particular, the forceful pressure caused
by an officer stamping on his back. This pressure fractured ribs
and resulted in impaired breathing and heart failure.
By 2002 no one has been punished
from the death of Osmo Vallo.
Bloody Cheers
Swedish drinking toast (skål)
has a rather macabre background; it originally meant 'skull'.
The word has come down from a custom practiced by the warlike and terrorist Vikings
who used the dried-out skulls of their enemies as drinking mugs,
with the evident advantage that the mug held a large quantity of mead
and could be easily replaced.
The Swedish Vikings were the terrorists of their time, who killed thousands of innocent people.
The Vikings carried terror around the coastal kingdoms of Europe and
Southern Finland.
The Vikings attacked and pillaged the holy monasteries, the sacred places of the Christian world.
A French monk wrote about Viking raids in France:
The endless flood of Vikings is on the increase. Everywhere,
Christ's people are the victims of massacre, burning and theft.
The Vikings destroy everything. Towns are emptied and evil triumphs!
Monks, townspeople and everyone else have been slaughtered or taken prisoner.
Monasteries along the river Seine have been destroyed.
First Anthrax Case
Archivists in a police museum in Trondheim, Norway in 1997
discovered sugar cubes with tiny vials of anthrax hidden in them.
The first evidence of anthrax as a weapon follows this discovery.
The sugar cubes — containing still-viable anthrax spores — were confiscated
from a Swedish spy Baron Otto Karl von Rosen in Northern Norway in mid-winter 1917.
Bloody Year of 1918
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In 1918 Swedish officers and soldiers were involved
in the Civil War of Finland. During the fights and after them
some 20 000 Finns were starved or executed. Among the victims there were
men, women, workers, soldiers and civilians.
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1918 Memorial in Lahti
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Tauno Tukkinen in his studies reveals an ethnic cleansing
in Western Uusimaa (some 50 km west of
Helsinki, in May 1918) and
Forssa region in Southwest Finland.
Some 200 Finnish civilians, men and women, were executed
by the Swedish battalion in Western Uusimaa.
The commander of this battalion
was Edward Ward.
The division of the Swedish volunteers executed 260 Finnish civilians
in Forssa region in April 1918.
The commander of this division was Swedish nobleman
Carl August Ehrensvärd.
In this case 13 of the executed were women and the youngest was
only 16-year-old.
Most victims were leftist, practically all of them were Finnish.
So Swedes executed at least 460 Finns in the spring 1918.
Finnish sources:
Tauno Tukkinen, 1999: Teloittajien edessä. Ihmiskohtaloita Karjalohjalla,
Sammatissa, Nummella, Pusulassa, Nurmijärvellä, Vihdissä ja Inkoossa 1918. Ill. 160 pages.
Tauno Tukkinen, 2001: Mäkeen mäkeen vaan.
Punaisten henkilötappiot Forssassa, Jokioisissa ja
Tammelassa 1918. TT Karjalohja.
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