Title: The history of England, from the invasion of Julius Cæsar to the abdication of 
James the Second, 1688. By David Hume, esq.
Author: Hume, David, 1711-1776.
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Print Source: The history of England, from the invasion of Julius Cæsar to the abdication of 
James the Second, 1688. By David Hume, esq.
Hume, David, 1711-1776.
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Page III 
HISTORY OF ENGLAND FROM hle 3ntrasion of 3ittliti QirgarTHE ABDICATION OF 
JAMIES THE SECOND, 168
8. BY DAVID UMiE, ESQ. TO WHICH IS PREFIXED A SHORT ACCOUNT OF HIS 
LIFE, WRITTEN BY HIMISELF. A NEW EDITION, WITH THE AUTHOR'S LAST 
CORRECTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTh TO WHICH IS ADDED A COlPLETE INDEX 
OF TTIE WVHOLE WORK. VOL. \1. B 0 S T ON: 
PHILLIPS, SAMPSON, AND COMPANY 1856 

Page IV 

Page V 
CONTENTS OF TIlE SIXTH VOLUME. CHAPTER LXIII. CHARLES II. A. D. PAGl 1660 New
Minmistry,.................................. 2 Act of 
Indemnity..................................... 3 Settlement of the
Revenue,............................ 4 Trial and Execution of the 
Regicides................... 6 Death of the Duke of
Gloucester..........7........... 7 Dissolution of the Convention 
Parliament,............. 8 The Army disbanded,...............................
9 WCise and moderate Counsels of Clarendon,.............. 9 Prelacy 
restored...................................... 10 Insurrection of the
Millenarians......................... 11 Affairs of 
Scotland,.................................. 12 1661. Resolution to restore 
Prelacy
there,.................... 13 Condemnation and Execution of 
Argyle,................. 14 Conference at the 
Savoy...............................
16 Arguments for and against a Comprehension,............ 16 A new Parliament; 
Predominance of the Royalists,...... 17
Bishops' Seats restored................................ 18 All Military Power 
vested in the King,.................. 19 Corporation
Act..................................... 20 1C62. Act of 
Uniformity.................................... 20 The King's
Marriage.......2......................... 2S Execution of three 
Regicides,.................. 24 Trial of Lambert and
Vane..........................0. tz~ 

Page VI 
Vt CONTENTS. D. AGsF Execution of Vane,................................ 26 The 
Presbyterian Clergy ejected,................... 27
Dunkirk sold to the French,........................... 28 Declaration of 
Indulgence,........................... 29 1663. Disagreeable to
Parliament............................ 31 Clarendon arraigned by the Earl of 
Bristol,............. 33 Decline of his Influence,............ 33
The King's Neglect of the Cavaliers.................... 34 CHAPTER LXIV. 1664. A 
new Session; Repeal of the Triennial
Act,............ 35 Rupture with Holland,............................... 36 
Rivalship in Commerce................................ 36 The Court
and Parliament inclined to a Dutch Wtar...... 37 New York 
taken,.................................... 38 De Ruyter attacks the English
on the Coast of Guinea, 38 A new Session; the Clergy taxed by 
Parliament,........ 39 1665. Naval Victory of the
English,........................... 40 Rupture with 
France,...............................42 Rupture with 
Denmark,.............................43 A
new Session; the Five Mile Act,.................... 45 1666. Sea Fight of Four 
Days.............................. 46 Victory of the
English................................ 48 Fire of 
London.......................................50 Advances towards
Peace,..............................51 1667. Negotiations at 
Breda,................................ 53 Disgrace at
Chatham,................................ 54 Peace at 
Breda,............................ 55 Clarendon's 
Fall,.................................... 56 His
Impeachment..................................... 57 His 
Banishment,...................................... 59 668. State of
Frafice,...................................... 60 Character of Lewis 
XIV.,....................... 60 French Invasion of the Low
Countries,................... 61 Haughty Conduct of 
Lewis,.......................... 62 Negotiations; De Wit and Sir William
Temple,......... 63 Triple League,....................................... 65 
Displeasure of the French. ing,.....................,. - m... 66 

Page VII 
CONTENTS. vli. D PAGX. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle,.................. 66 Affairs 
of Scotland,.................................. 67
Condemnation of Lord Lorne,.......................... 67 Act of Indemnity; 
grievous Fines,...................... 68 Reestablishment of
Episcopacy,........................ 69 Insurrection 
suppressed,............................. 71 Insurgents 
executed,..................... 71
Affairs of Ireland,.................................... 72 Difficulty of 
satisfying the various Claimants,............ 73 Unsuccessful Attempt
to sUrprise Dublin Castle,......... 73 Prohibition of the Importation of Irish 
Cattle into England,............................................
74 CHAPTER LXV. 1668. The King dependent on the People for Supplies,......... 76 
His uncertain Conduct and
Profuseness,............... 77 A Parliament; Severity against 
Nonconformists,........ 77 Dissension between the two
Houses,.................... 78 16!09. Examination of the Public 
Accounts,.................. 79 16iO. Supply granted; Sale of the
Royal Demesnes,.......... 80 Apt ani,- t Conventicles,........................ 
80 AtLc,1iqt to effect a Union with
Scotland,................ 81 Charles rejects the Proposal of divorcing his 
Queen,..... 8; The Cabal; their
Characters,..........................82 Their 
Counsels,......................................83 The King inclines to an 
Alliance with
France,........... 85 De Wit apprised by Puffendorf of the French Intrigues,.. 
85 The Duchess of Orleans pays a Visit to the
King,........ 86 Her sudden Death..........................87 Sir William Temple 
recalled from Holland,..............88 A Parliament;
Supply granted......................... 88 Death of Monk, Duke of 
Albemarle,..................89 1671. Sarcasm of Sir John
Coventry, 90 Coventry Act, ~.....................................90 Blood's 
Crimes; his Attack on Ormond,........ v 90 He attempts
to carry off the Crown from the Tower,. 91 Is pardoned by the 
King,............................92 The Duke of York declares
himself a Catholic,..*....... 92 

Page VIII 
9Vii CONTENTS. The Ministers evade Negotiation with the Dutch,....... 93 1672. 
The Exchequer
shut................................. 95 Declaration of 
Indulgence,.......................... 95 Navigation Act 
suspended,............................
96 Attack of the Smyrna Fleet,.......................... 97 War declared against 
the l )utch by England,........... 98 WVar declared
against the Dutch by France,........... 98 VWeakness of the 
States,............................. 99 Laudable Conduct of the Prince of
Orange,............ 100 De Wit's Party rely on the Navy,.................... 101 
Battle of Solebay,................................... 102
Sandwhich killed..................................... 103 Progress of the 
French; Lewis passes the Rhine,...... 104 The Prince of
Orange retires, and Lewis enters Utrecht, 105 Consternation of the 
Dutch,................. 105 Resolution of Amsterdam: the
Province laid under Water,............................................. 106 
Violent Counsels of Lewis,........................... 106 Charles's
Apprehensions frommthe French King's 
Ambition............................................ 108 Rigorous Terms offered 
by the Kings
reduce the Dutch to Despair........................................... 109 The 
Prince of Orange declared Stadtholder,............. 10
Massacre of the De WVits,....................................... 111 Good 
Conduct of the Prince................................ 111 He
rejects the Offers of the Combined Princes,........ 112 1673. A Parliament; the 
King's Attempts at Conciliation,.... 113 The
Commons issue Writs for New Elections,........ 115 Declaration of Indulgence 
recalled,.............. 116 Shaftesbury goes over
to the Country Party,.......... 117 Abjurqation of 
Transubstantiation,.................. 117 Sea Fight on the Coast of
Holland,.............. 118 Another Sea Fight,................................. 
119 Another Sea Fight at the Mouth of the Texel,........
12C The Contest severe, and the Issue doubtful,.......... 120 Successes of the 
Hollanders by Land,............. 121 Congress
of Cologne,................................ 121 A Parliament; Duke of York's 
Marriage,.............. 121 Abrupt Prorogation of
Parliament,................... 122 167& It again assembles, and arraigns the 
Counsels of the Ca- 122 I,
al,............................................... 122 

Page IX 
CONTENTS. iX L~ ~~AGZ The King resolves to conclude a separate Peace wnth the 
Dutch............................................
123 Peace with Holland,.............................. 123 CHAPTER LXVI. 1674 
Incongruous and impracticable S.'hemes of the
Cabal, 125 Proofs of their Intention to establish Popery in England, 127 They 
conspire with the King against the Liberties of
the People,........................................... 127 Remonstrances of Sir 
William Temple,................ 129 Ardor of the Allies for
continuing the War,............ 130 Battle of 
Seneffe.................................... 131 Successes of the French 
Arms,.....................
132 Partial Changes in the English.Ministry,............. 132 1675. A 
Parliament; Jealousy of the King's Measures,.. 133
Attempt by the Court Party to establish Passive Obedience,............ 133 
Dispute between the two hIouses respecting Dr.
Shirley and Sir John Fag,................................. 135 Are prorogued by 
the King,......................... 135 Reassemble, and
grant a Supply f6r building Ships,.... 135 Proclamation for suppressing 
Political Conversation in
Coffee-Iouses................................36 It is 
recalled,...................................... 137 Turenne opposes Montecuculi 
on the
Upper Rhine,. 137 Is killed by a random Shot,.......................... 137 
MIareschal Crequi defeated by the Germans,..........
138 The Garrison of Treves capitulates......... 138 The Swedes are driven from 
Pomerania,.............. 139 France becomes
formidable as a Naval Power,.......... 139 1676 Congress of 
Nimeguen.............................. 140 Bouchaine taken by the
French,...................... 140 16G77. Enfeebled State of Holland and 
Spain,............... 141 Uncertain Conduct of
Charles,........................ 142 His plausible Speech to the 
Parliament................. 149 Progress of the French
Arms,....................... 144 Parliament is alarmed, and addresses the 
King,........ 145 Their Distrust of the King,.....................
148 

Page X 
AX CONTENTS. - 4P D % oAG., Division of the Commons into the Court and Country
Party........................................... 147 The Kin, loses the 
Confidence of the People,.......... 148 Marriage of the Prince of
Orange with the Lady Mary,. 150 Plan of Peace with 
France,.......................... 151 Ineffectual Negotiations with
Lewis,................... 152 1678 An Army raised for a WVar with 
France,................ 154 A Treaty concluded with the States
General............ 155 Intrigues of the French Ministers with Lord Russel, 
Algernon Sydney, and others,........................ 156
Peace concluded at Nimeguen,......................... 158 Affairs of Scotland; 
unsuccessful Schemes of Comprehension and
Indulgence,........................... 160 A Parliament at Edinburgh; favorable 
to the King's Views..........................................
162 A severe Law against Conventicles,................... 163 Lauderdale's 
arbitrary Administration................. 165 Mitchel
attempts to assassinate Archbishop Sharpe,.... 165 Is 
executed....................................... 167 Rigorous Proceedinga against
Conventicles,............ 167 The Military live at free Quarters on the 
People,........ 168 Lauderdale's Conduct approved by
the King and the Convention of Estates,............................... 170 
CHAPTER LXVII. 1678 The Popish
Plot.................................... 171 Oates's 
Narrative,.................................. 173 His History and infamous
Character,................. 175 Coleman arrested; the Contents of his 
Letters,........ 177 General Panic.................................
178 Murder of Godfrey,................................ 179 Uncertainty as to the 
Perpetrators of this Act,.......... 180 Zeal of the
Parliament in investigating the Plot,........ 183 Qates protected and encouraged 
by a Pension,.......... 183 Bedloe's
Narrative............................... 184 The King obliged to countenance the 
general Delusion,.. 186 A new Test Act
passed,............................. 187 Charles protects the Queen when accused 
by tke Informers,..............,...... 187 

Page XI 
CONTENTS I' 4, ~ rAQE Accusation of Danby,............................... 188 
His Impeachment................................... 189
The Long Parliament dissolved,...................... 190 Trial of 
Coleman,.................................... 191 Trial of
Ireland................................. 192 1679 Three Men condemned for the 
Murder of Godfrey,...... 193 New Election; the
Zealous Party prevail,.............. 194 James, Duke of Monmouth, declared by 
Charles to be
illegitimate........................................ 196 The Duke of York 
withdraws to Brussels,.............. 196 Dissension between the
King and House of Commons about the Choice of a Speaker,..................... 
196 Danby's Impeachment
revived......................... 197 Further Proceedings in Regard to the Popish 
Plot,..... 198 A new Council appointed on the
Suggestion of Sir NVilliam Temple...................................... 200 
Limitations on a Popish Successor.................... 202 Bill of
Exclusion passes the Lower House,............. 203 Attempt to exclude from the 
IIouse of Commons all who possessed any
lucrative Office,...................... 204 The Habeas Corpus Bill 
passed...................... 204 The Commons deny the Right of the
Bishops to vote on the Validity of Danby's Pardon,................... 205 The 
House of Lords admit their Right,................ 206
The Parliament dissolved,........................... 207 Trial and Execution of 
the five Jesuits,............... 207 Trial and Execution of
Langhorne,..................... 208 Wakeman 
acquitted,............................ 208 Murder of Archbishop 
Sharpe,........................
209 Battle of Bothwel Bridge....................... 211 CIHAPT-ER LXVIII. 1679 
State of Parties,................................ 213
General Di iposition favorable to the King,............. 214 Alarm occasioned by 
his Sickness at Windsor,.......... 215 The
Duke of York retires to Scotland,................. 216 The King prorogues the 
Parliament,.................. 216 Meal-tub
Plot,..................................... 217 

Page XII 
Xii CONTENTS. & D. PAG6 1680. Origin of the Terms Petitioners and Abhorrers, 
Whig and
Tory............................................. 218 The Duke of York presented 
to the Grand Jury of Middlesex as a Popish
Recusant......................... 220 A Parliament; the King's conciliating 
Speech,......... 220 The Commons proceed violently
against the Abhorrers,. 221 And in the Prosecution of the Popish 
Plot,............ 223 An Exclusion Bill again brought
in,.................. 225 Arguments for and against the Exclusion............... 
225 Exclusion Bill is passed by the
Commons,.............. 228 Is rejected by the HIouse of 
Peers,.................... 228 Trial of Viscount 
Stafford,............................
229 Doubt as to the King's Power of remitting Part of his 
Sentence,....................................... 231 His
Execution,....................................... 232 Act passed for the Relief 
of Protestant Dissenters,...... 233 Impeachment of three
of the Judges................... 233 Violent Proceedings of the 
Commons,.................. 234 1681, Parliament
dissolved,................................. 235 Extraordinary Votes passed in a 
tumultuous Manner,.... 235 A new Parliament
summoned to meet at Oxford........ 236 The King addresses them in an 
authoritative Style,...... 237 The Commons proceed
with their usual Vidlence,....... 237 The Case of Fitzharris and 
Everard,..................... 238 Dissolution of the
Parliament,....................... 240 Victory of the 
Royalists,............................. 240 Fitzharris tried and
convicted......................... 241 The Spies and Informers offer their 
Service to the Ministers,............................................
242 Trial and Conviction of College,................ 243 CHAPTER LXIX. 681. 
State of Affairs in Ireland,..........................
245 The Duke of Ormond appointed Lord Lieutenant,.. 245 His Behavior and 
Character.......................... 245 Lord
Ossory's keen Reply in Defence of his Father,.... 246 Shaftesbury committed to 
Prison and indicted,.......... 248 He is
acquitted,'................................. 249 

Page XIII 
CONTENTS. Xin Scotch Parliament; the Covenant renounced, passive Obedience 
assented to.............................. 250
The Earl of Argyle indicted and convicted of High 
Treason,............................................. 251 Seditious Spirit of 
the Zealots
in Scotland,............. 252 1682. The Duke of York's severe Administration 
there,....... 253 State of the.Ministry in
England,...................... 255 Dispute about the Nomination of Sheriffs for 
London,... 256 Pilkington sued by the Duke of
York for Defamation,.. 257 1683. A Writ of Quo Warranto issued against the City 
of
London,............................................. 258 The Charter restored 
under certain Regulations,........ 259 Great Power of the
Crown,................. 260 A Conspiracy entered into by Shaftesbury and 
others,.... 261 Shaftesbury retires to Holland, and
dies,..... 262 Rye-house Plot,................................ 263 The 
Conspiracy is discovered,......................... 264 Execution of
the Conspirators,...... 265 Trial of Lord Russel,.............................. 
265 He is condemned,........................... 268
Applications for a Pardon unsuccessful............. 269 His 
Execution...................................... 270 Trial of Algernon
Sydney,..................... 270 He is executed,...................272 Howard 
and others convicted and punished,........... 272
Remarkable Trial of Rosewel,..................... 274 Monmouth received at 
Court, and afterwards banished,.. 275 1684. The
Lady Anne married to Prince George of Denmark,.. 277 Foreign Affairs; the 
haughty Conduct of Lewis,........ 278 Charles
returns to his former Connections w th the French 
Court,........................................... 279 Lewis's great Power and
Vanity,...................... 279 1685, King Charles's Sickness and 
Death,.................. 281 His Character,...............................
281 VOL. VI. b 

Page XIV 
CONTENTS. CHAP T ER LXX. JAMES II. D. D PFaU. 1685. The King's first 
Transactions,..................... 285 Openly
attends Mass,.............................. 286 Sends an Agent to make 
Submissions to the Pope...... 286 The chief Offices
continued in the Hands of Protestants, 287 Is influenced by the Queen, the 
Jesuits, and Mrs.
Sedley............................................. 287 A Parliament; the King's 
imperious Speech,..... ~..... 288 Reasons for and against
a Revenue during Life,........ 289 Compliant Disposition of both 
Houses,................. 292 Oates convicted of
Perjury,.......................... 292 Monmouth's Invasion; he lands in 
Dorsetshire,......... 293 He enters
Taunton,................................ 294 Is defeated at 
Sedgemoor,............................. 295 His
Execution,.................................... 296 Cruelty of Colonel 
Kirke,....................... 297 Rigorous Violence of
Jefferies........................ 298 Execution of Mrs. 
Gaunt............................ 298 Execution of Lady 
Lisle,............................
299 Unjust Condemnation of Cornish,.................... 300 Affairs of Scotland; 
servile Disposition of the
Parliament,................................... 300 Argyle's Invasion and 
Defeat,........................ 301 His
Execution....................................... 302 A Parliament; the King 
asserts his Power of dispensing with the Test
Act,............................... 302 Symptoms of Opposition displayed by both 
Houses,.... 303 The King's imprudent
Precipitancy,.................. 304 Revocation of the, Edict of Nantz, and 
Dispersion of the French Protestants,..........................
305 1686. James attempts to establish his Dispensing Power by a Judicial 
Decision................................ 306 Displaces four
of the Judges,....................... 309 Four Catholic Lords brought into the 
Privy Council,.... 310 

Page XV 
CONTENTS. nX a D PAGs State of Scotland; several Noblemen embrace the Court 
Religion,.........................................
311 State of Ireland; the chief Power committed to the Earl of 
Tyrconnel,.................................... 311 The precipitate
Measures of James blamed by judicious 
Catholics,........................................ 312 Breach between the King 
and the
Church,........... 313 The Court of High Commission reestablished,.......... 314 
Sentence against the Bishop of
London,............... 315 A Declaration issued suspending the Penal Laws,...... 
315 1687 James pays Court to the
Dissenters,.................. 316 Grants full Permission to attend 
Conventicles,.......... 317 Violent Proceedings against the
Protestants in Ireland,.. 318 Ambassador sent to Rome; is coldly 
received,.......... 319 The Pope's Nuncio received, and
Catholic Bishops consecrated,.......................................... 319 
Mandate to the University of Cambridge disobeyed,.... 321
Attempt upon Magdalen College,..................... 322 1688. Declaration of 
Indulgence ordered to be read in Churches, 323
Six Bishops present a Petition to the King,............ 324 They are 
imprisoned,................................ 325
Tried,............................................ 326 
Acquitted,.......................................... 327 Joy of the Army; 
Displeasure of the
King,...;........ 327 Birth of the Prince of Wales,........................ 328 
CHAPTER LXXI. 1688 Conduct of the Prince of
Orange,..................... 330 Is solicited by the King to consent to the 
Repeal of the Penal Statutes and of the
Test..................... 331 He forms a League against 
France,................... 331 Refuses to concur with the King,.............. 
332
The Reasons assigned by Fagel for his Refusal,......... 333 Resolves to oppose 
the King,........................ 334 Sends Dykvelt
to encourage the Protestants,........,. 334 Is applied to by the English,.336 
Coalition of Parties,............................... 336 The
Prince's Preparations,..................... 337 

Page XVI 
Xlri CONTENTS. A D Aas Offers of Lewis to King James rejected,.............. 336 
Disavowal of any secret Alliance fwth
France,......... 340 The King retracts his Measures,...................... 341 
The Prince's Declaration,............................ 342
Arrives with his Fleet in Torbay,..................... 344 General Commotion, 
and Desertion of the Army........ 344 Desertion of
Prince George and the Princess Anne,.... 345 The King's 
Consternation,............................ 346 His Commissioners refused
a personal Conference by the Prince......................................... 348 
The Disaffection extends to Scotland,.................. 348
The King's Flight,.................................. 349 He is seized at 
Feversham, and returns to Whitehall,.... 351 His second
Escape,................................... 352 His 
Character,...................................... 351 Convention 
summoned,...........................
354 1689. Settlement of Scotland,....................... 355 The English 
Convention meets,....................... 355 Views of the
Tory Party,................... - 356 Views of the Whig 
Party,............................ 357 Free Conferences between the
Houses,................. 359 Vote passed that the King had abdicated the 
Throne,.... 360 Settlement of the Crown on the Prince
and Princess of Orange,.......................... 362 Review of the History of 
the last four Reigns,.......... 363
Revenue,............................................ 366 Military and Naval 
Force,............................ 368
Commerce,.......................................... 369 Arts and 
Sciences,................................. 372 Celebrated
Writers,................................. 376