Die vollständige Entmachtung, Zerstückelung, Ausplünderung, und Erniedrigung Deutschlands wird durch das nachfolgende Dokument JCS 1067 belegt. In Punkt 4 wird gesagt, daß Deutschland nicht zum Zwecke der Befreiung, sondern als eine geschlagene Feindnation besetzt wird: „Germany will not be occupied for the purpose of liberation but as a defeated enemy nation.“ Der 8. Mai 1945, nach Richard von Weizsäcker ein „Tag der Befreiung“, war in Wahrheit der Beginn der vollständigen Entrechtung Deutschlands für mehrere Generationen einschließlich der Amputation der deutschen Ostgebiete mit millionenfachem Mord und ethnischer Säuberung. Und dies alles unter den Augen und mit schweigender Billigung der „westlichen Wertegemeinschaft“! Die Besetzung Deutschlands erfolgte „for the purpose of realizing certain important Allied objectives“. Eines der Ergebnisse der Politik der Siegermächte ist die Tatsache, daß nicht einmal mehr die Deutschen selbst vom „Deutschen Reich“, es sei denn abschätzig, zu sprechen wagen. Ein weiteres Ergebnis ist der Verzicht auf einen Friedensvertrag, ein anderes die Duldung der so genannten „Feindstaatenklauseln“ in der Charta der Vereinten Nationen (Art. 53 und 107). Wenn nach v. Weizsäckers Rede vom 8. Mai 1985 „...das Geheimnis der Erlösung heißt Erinnerung“ zum jüdischen Glauben gehört und die Deutschen ständig von ihrer politischen Klasse dazu angehalten werden, nicht zu vergessen, dann wollen wir in Erwartung der üblichen Geschichtsklitterung im „Gedenkjahr 2005“ getrost auch nicht vergessen, was die Sieger von 1945 uns angetan haben. Einen Vorgeschmack haben wir durch das Interview des Bundeskanzlers vom 3. April im Sender Arte erhalten. Dort sagte der Bundeskanzler, er betrachte es als Ehre und Auszeichnung, daß er sowohl zu den Gedenkveranstaltungen in der Normandie als auch in Warschau eingeladen worden sei. Wir haben uns also auf „Befreiungsfeiern“ einzustellen!
It is considered appropriate, at the time of the release to the American public of the following directive setting forth United States policy with reference to the military government of Germany, to preface the directive with a short statement of the circumstances surrounding the issuance of the directive to General
Eisenhower.
The directive was issued originally in April 1945, and was intended to serve two purposes. It was to guide General Eisenhower in the military government of that portion of Germany occupied by United States forces. At the same time he was directed to urge the Control Council to adopt these policies for enforcement throughout Germany.
Before this directive was discussed in the Control Council, President
Truman,
Prime Minister Attlee, and Generalissimo
Stalin
met at Potsdam and issued a communiqué setting forth agreed policies for the control of Germany. This communiqué was made public on August 2, 1945. The directive, therefore, should be read in the light of the policies enumerated at Potsdam. In particular, its provisions regarding disarmament, economic and financial matters, and reparations should be read together with the similar provisions set out in the Potsdam agreement on the treatment of Germany in the initial control period
and in the agreement on reparations contained in the Potsdam communiqué. Many of the policy statements contained in the directive have been in substance adopted by the Potsdam agreement. Some policy statements in the Potsdam agreement differ from the policy statements on the same subjects in the directive. In such cases, the policies of the Potsdam agreement are controlling. Where the Potsdam agreement is silent on matters of policy dealt with in the directive, the latter continues to guide General Eisenhower in his administration of the United States Zone in Germany.
1. The Purpose and Scope of this Directive:
This directive is issued to you as Commanding General of the United States forces of occupation in Germany. As such you will serve as United States member of the Control Council and will also be responsible for the administration of military government in the zone or zones assigned to the United States for purposes of occupation and administration. It outlines the basic policies which will guide you in those two capacities after the termination of the combined command of the
Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force.
This directive sets forth policies relating to Germany in the initial postdefeat period. As such it is not intended to be an ultimate statement of policies of this Government concerning the treatment of Germany in the postwar world. It is therefore essential that, during the period covered by this directive, you assure that surveys are constantly maintained of economic, industrial financial, social and political conditions within your zone and that the results of such surveys and such other surveys as may be made in other zones are made available to your Government, through the Joint Chiefs of Staff. These surveys should be developed in such manner as to serve as a basis for determining changes in the measures of control set forth herein as well as for the progressive formulation and development of policies to promote the basic objectives of the United States. Supplemental directives will be issued to you by the Joint Chiefs of Staff as may be required.
As a member of the Control Council you will urge the adoption by the other occupying powers of the principles and policies set forth in this directive and, pending Control Council agreement, you will follow them in your zone. It is anticipated that substantially similar directives will be issued to the Commanders in Chief of the U.K., U.S.S.R. and
French forces of occupation.
PART 1
General and Political
2. The Basis of Military Government:
3. The Control Council and Zones of Occupation:
4. Basic Objectives of Military Government in Germany:
5. Economic Controls:
6. Denazification:
(1) The Central German Government and its subdivisions, German military organizations, organizations engaged in military research, and such other governmental agencies as may be deemed advisable;
(2) The Nazi Party, its formations, affiliated associations and supervised organizations;
(3) All police organizations, including security and political police;
(4) Important economic organizations and industrial establishments including those controlled by the Nazi Party or its personnel;
(5) Institutes and special bureaus devoting themselves to racial, political, militaristic or similar research or propaganda.
7. Demilitarization:
8. Suspected War Criminals and Security Arrests:
[NOTE: There follows at this point in the directive a detailed list of categories of Nazi war criminals and others who are to be arrested. Some of these have not yet been found. lt is considered that to publish the categories at this time would put the individuals concerned on notice and would interfere with their apprehension and punishment, where appropriate. The list of categories is, therefore, withheld from publication for the present.]
lf in the light of conditions which you encounter in Germany, you believe that it is not immediately feasible to subject certain persons within these categories to this treatment, you should report your reasons and recommendations to your government through the Joint Chiefs of Staff. lf you believe it desirable, you may postpone the arrest of those whose cases you have reported, pending a decision communicated to you by the J.C.S. In no event shall any differentiation be made between or special consideration be accorded to persons arrested, either as to manner of arrest or conditions of detention, upon the basis of wealth or political, industrial, or other rank or position. In your discretion you may make such exceptions as you deem advisable for intelligence or other military reasons.
9. Political Activities:
10. Public Relations and Control of Public Information:
As a member of the Control Council, you will endeavour to obtain agreement for uniform or coordinated policies with respect to (a) control of public information media in Germany, (b) accrediting of foreign correspondents, (c) press censorship, and (d) issuance of official news communiqués dealing with Control Council matters. United States policies in these matters will be sent to you separately and you will be guided by these in your negotiations on the Control Council.
11. German Courts:
12. Police:
With the exception of the Reichskriminalpolizei (Criminal Police) all elements of the Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police), e.g., Geheimestaatspolizei (Gestapo), and the Sicherheitsdienst der S.S. will be abolished. Criminal and ordinary police will be purged of Nazi personnel and utilized under the control and supervision of the military government.
13. Political Prisoners:
Subject to military security and the interests of the individuals concerned, you will release all persons found within your zone who have been detained or placed in custody on grounds of race, nationality, creed or political opinions and treat them as displaced persons. You should make provision for the review of convictions of alleged criminal offenses about which there may be substantial suspicion of racial, religious or political persecution, and in which sentences of imprisonment have not been fully served by persons imprisoned within your zone.
14. Education:
15. Arts and Archives:
Subject to the provisions of paragraph 6 above, you will make all reasonable efforts to preserve historical archives, museums, libraries and works of art.
PART II
Economic General Objectives and Methods of Control
19. You will institute or assure the maintenance of such statistical records and
reports as may be necessary in carrying out the objectives listed in
paragraphs 4 and 5 of this directive. 20. You will
initiate appropriate surveys which may assist you in achieving the
objectives of the occupation. In particular you will promptly
undertake surveys of supplies, equipment and resources in your zone.
You will endeavor to obtain prompt agreement in the Control Council
to the making of similar surveys in the other zones of occupation,
and you will urge appropriate steps to coordinate the methods and
results of these and other future surveys conducted in the various
zones. You will keep the Control Council, United States
Representative on the Reparation Commission and other appropriate
authorities, currently apprised of the information obtained by means
of intermediate reports or otherwise. German Standard of
Living 21. You will
estimate requirements of supplies necessary to prevent starvation or
widespread disease or such civil unrest as would endanger the
occupying forces. Such estimates will be based upon a program
whereby the Germans are made responsible for providing for
themselves, out of their own work and resources. You will take all
practicable economic and police measures to assure that German
resources are fully utilized and consumption held to the minimum in
order that imports may be strictly limited and that surpluses may be
made available for the occupying forces and displaced persons and
United Nations prisoners of war, and for reparation. You will take
no action that would tend to support basic living standards in
Germany on a higher level than that existing in any one of the
neighbouring United Nations and you will take appropriate measures
to ensure that basic living standards of the German people are not
higher than those existing in any one of the neighbouring United
Nations when such measures will contribute to raising the standards
of any such nation. 22. You will urge
upon the Control Council that uniform ration scales be applied
throughout Germany, that essential items be distributed equitably
among the zones, that net surpluses be made available for export to
Allied countries, and that imports be limited to the net deficits of
Germany as a whole. Labour, Health,
and Social Insurance 23. You will
permit the selforganization of employees along democratic lines,
subject to such safeguards as may be necessary to prevent the
perpetuation of Nazi or militarist influence under any guise or the
continuation of any group hostile to the objectives and operations
of the occupying forces. 24. You will
permit free collective bargaining between employees and employers
regarding wage, hour and working conditions and the establishment of
machinery for the settlement of industrial disputes. Collective
bargaining shall be subject to such wage, hour and other controls,
if any, as may be instituted or revived by your
direction. 25. Subject to the
provisions of paragraph 48 of this directive you are authorized to
direct German authorities to maintain or re-establish
non-discriminatory systems of social insurance and poor
relief. 26. You are
authorized to direct the German authorities to maintain or
reestablish such health services and facilities as may be available
to them. Agriculture,
Industry and Internal Commerce 27. You will
require the Germans to use all means at their disposal to maximize
agricultural output and to establish as rapidly as possible
effective machinery for the collection and distribution of
agricultural output. 28. You will
direct the German authorities to utilize largelanded estates and
public lands in a manner which will facilitate the accommodation and
settlement of Germans and others or increase agricultural
output. 29. You will
protect from destruction by the Germans, and maintain for such
disposition as is determined by this and other directives or by the
Control Council, all plants, equipment, patents and other property,
and all books and records of large German industrial companies and
trade and research associations that have been essential to the
German war effort or the German economy. You will pay particular
attention to research and experimental establishments of such
concerns. 30. In order to
disarm Germany, the Control Council should Pending agreement
in the Control Council you will take these measures in your own
zone. You will not postpone enforcement of the prohibitions
contained in subparagraphs a and b and the instructions in
subparagraph c without specific approval of your government through
the Joint Chiefs of Staff except that, in your discretion, you may
permit the production of synthetic rubber and oil, aluminum and
magnesium, to the minimum extent necessary to meet the purposes
stated in paragraphs 4 and 5 of the directive pending action by the
Joint Chiefs of Staff upon such recommendation for postponement as
you may make. 31. As an
additional measure of disarmament, the Control Council
should Pending agreement
in the Control Council you will adopt such measures in your own
zone. 32. Pending final
Allied agreements on reparation and on control or elimination of
German industries that can be utilized for war production, the
Control Council should Pending agreement
in the Control Council, you will put such measures into effect in
your own zone as soon as you have had an opportunity to review and
determine production necessary for the purposes stated in paragraphs
4 and 5 of this directive. 33. The Control
Council should adopt a policy permitting the conversion of
facilities other than those mentioned in paragraphs 30 and 32 to the
production of light consumer goods, provided that such conversion
does not prejudice the subsequent removal of plant and equipment on
reparation account and does not require any imports beyond those
necessary for the purposes specified in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this
directive. Pending agreement in the Control Council, you may permit
such conversion in your zone. 34. Subject to the
provisions of paragraphs 30 and 32, the Control Council should
assure that all feasible measures are taken to facilitate, to the
minimum extent necessary for the purposes outlined in paragraphs 4
and 5 of this directive. You will assure
that such measures are taken in your own zone pending agreement in
the Control Council. 35. In your
capacity as zone commander and as member of the Control Council you
will take steps to provide for the equitable interzonal distribution
and the movement of goods and services essential to the purposes set
forth in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this directive. 36. You will
prohibit all cartels or other private business arrangements and
cartellike organizations, including those of a public or quasipublic
character such as the Wirtschaftsgruppen providing for the
regulation of marketing conditions, including production, prices,
exclusive exchange of technical information and processes, and
allocation of sales territories. Such necessary public functions as
have been discharged by these organizations shall be absorbed as
rapidly as possible by approved public agencies. 37. It is the
policy of your government to effect a dispersion of the ownership
and control of German industry. To assist in carrying out this
policy you will make a survey of combines and pools, mergers,
holding companies and interlocking directorates and communicate the
results, together with recommendations, to your government through
the Joint Chiefs of Staff. You will endeavour to obtain agreement in
the Control Council to the making of this survey in the other zones
of occupation and you will urge the coordination of the methods and
results of this survey in the various zones. 38. With due
regard to paragraph 4 a, the Control Council should adopt such
policies as are clearly necessary to prevent or restrain inflation
of a character or dimension which would definitely endanger
accomplishment of the objectives of the occupation. The Control
Council, in particular, should direct and empower German authorities
to maintain or establish controls over prices and wages and to take
the fiscal and financial measures necessary to this end. Pending
agreement in the Control Council you will assure that such measures
as you consider necessary are taken in your own zone. Prevention or
restraint of inflation shall not constitute an additional ground for
the importation of supplies, nor shall it constitute an additional
ground for limiting removal, destruction or curtailment of
productive facilities in fulfilment of the program for reparation,
demilitarization and industrial disarmament. Power,
Transportation, and Communications 39. Both as member
of the Control Council and zone commander you will take appropriate
steps to ensure that You will determine
the degree to which centralized control and administration of power,
transportation and communications is clearly necessary for the
objectives stated in paragraphs 4 and 5 and urge the establishment
of this degree of centralized control and administration by the
Control Council. Foreign Trade and
Reparation 40. The Control
Council should establish centralized control over all trade in goods
and services with foreign countries. Pending agreement in the
Control Council you will impose appropriate controls in your own
zone. 41. Both as member
of the Control Council and as zone commander you will take
appropriate steps to ensure that 42. Both as member
of the Control Council and as zone commander you will adopt a policy
which would forbid German firms to participate in international
cartels or other restrictive contracts and arrangements and order
the prompt termination of all existing German participations in such
cartels, contracts and arrangements. 43. You will carry
out in your zone such programs of reparation and restitution as are
embodied in Allied agreements and you will seek agreement in the
Control Council on any policies and measures which it may be
necessary to apply throughout Germany in order to ensure the
execution of such programs. PART
III Financial 44. You will make
full application in the financial field of the principles stated
elsewhere in this directive and you will endeavor to have the
Control Council adopt uniform financial policies necessary to carry
out the purposes stated in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this directive. You
will take no steps designed to maintain, strengthen or operate the
German financial structure except in so far as may be necessary for
the purposes specified in this directive. 45. The Control
Council should regulate and control to the extent required for the
purposes set forth in paragraphs 4 and 5 the issue and volume of
currency and the extension of credit in Germany and in accordance
with the following principles: Pending agreement
in the Control Council you will follow these policies in your own
zone. You will receive
separate instructions relative to the currency which you will use in
the event that for any reason adequate supplies of Allied Military
marks and Reichsmarks are not available, or if the use of such
currency is found undesirable. You will not
announce or establish in your zone, until receipt of further
instructions, any general rate of exchange between the Reichsmark on
the one hand and the U. S. dollar and other currencies on the other.
However, a rate of exchange to be used exclusively for pay of troops
and military accounting purposes in your zone will be communicated
separately to you. 46. Subject to any
agreed policies of the Control Council, you are authorized to take
the following steps and to put into effect such further financial
measures as you may deem necessary to accomplish the purposes of
your occupation: 47. Resumption of
partial or complete service on the internal public debt at the
earliest feasible date is deemed desirable. The Control Council
should decide the time and manner of such resumption. 48. Subject to any
agreed policies of the Control Council, (1) the
payment of all military pensions, or emoluments or benefits,
except compensation for physical disability limiting the
recipient’s ability to work, at rates which are no higher than
the lowest of those for comparable physical disability arising
from nonmilitary causes. (2) the payment of all public or
private pensions or other emoluments or benefits granted or
conferred: (a) by reason
of membership in or services to the former Nazi party, its
formations, affiliated associations or supervised organizations,
(b) to any person who has been removed from an office or
position in accordance with paragraph 6, and (c) to any person
arrested and detained in accordance with paragraph 8 during the
term of his arrest, or permanently, in case of his subsequent
conviction. You will take such
action as will insure that any impounded or blocked assets will be
dealt with only as permitted under licenses or other instructions
which you may issue. In the case particularly of property blocked
under (1) (a) above, you will proceed to adopt licensing measures
which while maintaining such property under surveillance would
permit its use in consonance with this directive. In the case of
property blocked under (2) above, you will institute measures for
prompt restitution, in conformity with the objectives stated in
paragraphs 4 and 5 and subject to appropriate safeguards to prevent
the cloaking of Nazi and militaristic influence. 49. All foreign
exchange transactions, including those arising out of exports and
imports, shall be controlled with the aim of preventing Germany from
developing a war potential and of achieving the other objectives set
forth in this directive. To effectuate these purposes the Control
Council should Pending agreement
in the Control Council, you will take in your zone the action
indicated in subparagraphs a, b and c above. Accordingly, you will
in your zone reduce to the possession and control of a special
agency established by you, within your Command, all German foreign
exchange and external assets as provided in subparagraph a. You will
endeavour to have similar agencies for the same purpose established
in the other zones of occupation and to have them merged as soon as
practicable in one agency for the entire occupied territory. In
addition you will provide full reports to your government with
respect to all German foreign exchange and external
assets. 50. No extension
of credit to Germany or Germans by any foreign person or Government
shall be permitted except that the Control Council may in special
emergencies grant permission for such extensions of
credit. 51. It is not
anticipated that you will make credits available to the Reichsbank
or any other bank or to any public or private institution. lf, in
your opinion, such action becomes essential, you may take such
emergency actions as you may deem proper, but in any event, you will
report the facts to the Control Council. 52. You will main
such accounts and records as may be necessary to reflect the
financial operations of the military government in your zone and you
will provide the Control Council with such information as it may
require, including information in connection with the use of
currency by your forces, any governmental settlements, occupation
costs, and other expenditures arising out of operations or
activities involving participation of your forces. (Department of State: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1945, vol. 3, European Advisory Commission; Austria; Germany, p. 484) Diese Kopie hat die Wochenzeitung „Junge Freiheit“ im März 2004 von der US-Botschaft in Berlin erhalten und der SWG zur Verfügung gestellt.
16. You will assure that the German economy is administered and controlled in such a way as to accomplish the basic objectives set forth in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Directive. Economic controls will be imposed only to the extent necessary to accomplish these objectives, provided that you will impose controls to the full extent necessary to achieve the industrial disarmament of Germany. Except as may be necessary to carry out these objectives, you will take no steps
(a) looking toward the economic rehabilitation of Germany, or
(b) designed to maintain or strengthen the German economy.
17. To the maximum extent possible without jeopardizing the successful execution of measures required to implement the objectives outlined in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this directive you will use German authorities and agencies and subject them to such supervision and punishment for noncompliance as is necessary to ensure that they carry out their tasks.
For this purpose you will give appropriate authority to any German agencies and administrative services you consider essential; provided, however, that you will at all times adhere strictly to the provisions of this directive regarding denazification and dissolution or elimination of Nazi organizations, institutions, principles, features, and practices.
To the extent necessary you will establish administrative machinery, not dependent upon German authorities and agencies, to execute or assure the execution of the provisions of paragraphs 19, 20, 30, 31, 32, 39 and 40 and any other measures necessary to an accomplishment of your industrial disarmament objectives.
18. In order to decentralize the structure and administration of the German economy to the maximum possible extent, you will
(1) remove all those required for reparation; (2)
destroy all those not transferred for reparation if they are
especially adapted to the production of the items specified in
this paragraph and are not of a type generally used in industries
permitted to the Germans (cases of doubt to be resolved in favor
of destruction); (3) hold the balance for disposal in accordance
with instructions which will be sent to you.
Fehler durch Scannen sind trotz Durchsicht nicht auszuschließen.(SWG)