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| CHARLES V | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CHILDHOOD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles V was born on February 24, 1500 in Ghent. Charles was tutored by Adrian of Utrecht and later known as Pope Adrian VI. Very few were tutored and especially not by the pope. As a Habsburg he was a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Following the chivalric ideas he was devoted to culture, art and classical learning. He was brought up in the Netherlands, which he inherited along with Franche-Comt� in 1506 after the death of his father. He lived there until 1517. In 1516 Charles?s grandfather dies and he becomes joint-king of Castile with his mother. From his grandfather he also inherits Aragon, Navarre, Granada, Naples, Sicily, Sardinia and Spanish America. At the age of twenty he ruled an empire larger than any in history. Finally, when he arrived Castile he had to fight the Castilian War of Communities against the cities and nobles that disliked his appointment of Castilian offices. He later won and Castilian Cortes conceded him with the resources he used to wage wars on Europe. After the death of his other grandfather in 1519, he inherited lands in Austria and was elected Holy Roman Emperor. Other than Emperor Charles V he was also known as Charles I of Spain, Carlos Quinto and Carlos V. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FAMILY | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles was the son of Philip I and Joanna of Castile. On his mothers side he was the grandson of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. On his father?s side he was the grandson of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy. Charles was a Habsburg, one of the ruling houses in Europe. They held positions as rulers of Austria, kings of Spain and Holy Roman Emperors for many centuries. At the abdication of Emperor Charles V the family split into two groups the Austrian Habsburgs and the Spanish Habsburgs. Although he was a Habsburg he was not German nor was he Spanish like he?s mother. Many people to this day still do not know what nationality Charles really was. Charles married infanta Isabella the sister of John III of Portugal, who had married his sister Catherine. Including Catherine, Charles had five siblings. His oldest sister Eleanor was the queen of Portugal by her first marriage and later queen of France from her second marriage. After Charles was Isabella the queen of Denmark by her marriage to Christian II. After Isabella was Charles?s brother Ferdinand who became the Emperor of Germany. Then came his sister Mary who was the queen of Hungary by her marriage to Louis II. Finally, his youngest sister was Catherine who was the queen of Portugal. Charles himself had one son Philip II who later became the king of Spain. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PROFESSIONAL LIFE | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles fought many wars and battles. He mostly fought with France thought. First he fought against them in Northern Italy in 1521 and later with them in the Italian wars in 1527. In 1525 Charles captured Fran�ois of France and made him sign the Treaty of Madrid with made it so that France renounced its claims in Northern Italy. However when Fran�ois was released from being captured he broke the treaty. Charles also fought with the Ottoman Empire and its sultan Suleiman the Magnificent for many years. The expeditions of the Ottomans posed a threat to Habsburg lands and the peace of Western Europe. In 1535 Charles won an important battle at Tunis against the Ottomans, but in 1536 Francis of France allied with the Ottomans and together they fought against Charles. Later though Charles has to sign a treaty with the Ottomans to gain him some rest from the large expenses of their war. Besides fighting wars, Charles also dealt with religious issues too. For example in 1521 Charles outlawed Martin Luther and his followers for going against the church. Also in 1545 Charles opened the Council of Trent and began the Counter-Reformation. Charles was a very strong leader and a strong Catholic. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GOLDEN YEARS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles V left behind a great legacy. He was a great emperor and impacted much of the world. In 1555 he made a settlement that he thought that Catholics and Protestants would both like. It was called the Peace of Augsburg it stated that whatever religion, Catholic or Protestant, the prince of the region was that was the religion of his land. This made all people more tolerant and the Protestant religion spread further. Also Henry VIII wanted an annul from his marriage from the pope, but the pope said no because Charles wouldn?t allow it. Charles had one of the largest empires ever in history. The empire was very united stayed that way for a long time. This unity was passed down through the generations of emperors. Charles fought and won many battles and later gained many allies. Holy Roman Emperor Charles V is an important person in history. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCES CITED | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Charles%20V,%20Holy%20Roman%20Emperor �10/27/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Columbian Encyclopedia �http://www.bartleby.com/65/ch/Charles5HRE.html�10/27/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Joanna of Castilehttp://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Joanna%20of%20Castile 10/26/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| McKay, John P. college.hmco.com/history/world/mckay/world_societies/5e/students/web_activities/ch15.htm�� 10/26/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Odrowaz-Sypniewska,Margaret www.angelfire.com/mi4/polcrt/MaximilianI.html� 10/26/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wells, H.G. �http://www.bartleby.com/86/51.html�10/27/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||