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Learning Disabilities Intervention Manual

Stephen B. McCarney and Angela Marie Bauer (Hawthorne, 1989)

Table of Contents

A. Listening

1. Does not hear all of what is said .......................................................................................... 33
2. Does not attend to important sounds in the immediate environment........................................ 35
3. Has difficulty differentiating speech sounds heard.................................................................. 37
4. Is unsuccessful in activities requiring listening......................................................................... 38
5. Needs oral questions and directions frequently repeated....................................................... 40
6. Attends more successfully when close to the source of sound................................................ 42
7. Requires eye contact in order to listen successfully................................................................ 44

B. Thinking

8. Fails to demonstrate short-term memory skills...................................................................... 46
9. Fails to remember sequences............................................................................................... 49
10. Does not demonstrate an understanding of spatial relationships.............................................. 50
11. Demonstrates difficulty with visual memory........................................................................... 51
12. Demonstrates difficulty with auditory memory....................................................................... 53
13. Does not demonstrate an understanding of directionality........................................................ 55
14. Has difficulty concentrating................................................................................................... 56
15. Perseverates – does the same thing over and over................................................................ 59
16. Fails to demonstrate organization.......................................................................................... 61
17. Fails to demonstrate logical thinking...................................................................................... 64
18. Has difficulty retrieving, recalling, or naming objects, persons, places, etc.............................. 66
19. Demonstrates visual perception problems............................................................................. 68
20. Has difficulty classifying........................................................................................................ 70
21. Fails to generalize knowledge from one situation to another................................................... 71
22. Demonstrates confusion....................................................................................................... 73
23. Remembers information one time but not the next................................................................. 75
24. Requires slow, sequential, substantially broken-down presentation of concepts...................... 77

C. Speaking

25. Has difficulty imitating speech sounds................................................................................... 79
26. Omits, adds, substitutes, or rearranges sounds or words when speaking................................ 81
27. Distorts or mispronounced words or sounds when speaking

    (not attributed to dialect or accent) ...................................................................................... 83

28. Does not use appropriate subject-verb agreement when speaking......................................... 85
29. Does not carry on conversations with peers or adults............................................................ 87
30. Has a limited speaking vocabulary........................................................................................ 89
31. Fails to use verb tenses correctly when speaking................................................................... 92
32. Speaks dysfluently............................................................................................................... 94
33. Does not complete statements or thoughts when speaking..................................................... 96

D. Reading

34. Fails to demonstrate word attack skills............................................................................... 100
35. Fails to recognize words on grade level.............................................................................. 102
36. Fails to correctly answer comprehension questions from reading activities............................ 104
37. Loses place when reading.................................................................................................. 107
38. Has difficulty with sound-symbol relationships..................................................................... 108
39. Has difficulty with phonic skills when reading...................................................................... 109
40. Omits, adds, substitutes, or reverses letters, words, or sounds when reading....................... 111
41. Fails to demonstrate word comprehension.......................................................................... 113
42. Reads words correctly in one context but not in another...................................................... 115
43. Does not read independently.............................................................................................. 116
44. Does not discriminate between similar letters and words..................................................... 118
45. Does not know all the letters of the alphabet....................................................................... 119
46. Understands what is read to him/her but not what he/she reads silently................................ 120
47. Fails to finish assignments because of reading difficulties...................................................... 122

E. Writing

48. Fails to copy letter, words, sentences, and numbers from a model at a close distance.......... 125
49. Fails to copy letter, words, sentences, and numbers from a model at a distance................... 127
50. Fails to use capitalization correctly when writing.................................................................. 129
51. Use inappropriate spacing between words or sentences when writing.................................. 130
52. Reverses letters and numbers when writing......................................................................... 131
53. Fails to write within a given space....................................................................................... 133
54. Fails to punctuate correctly when writing............................................................................ 134
55. Does not use appropriate subject-verb agreement when writing.......................................... 135
56. Does not compose complete sentences or express complete thoughts when writing............. 137
57. Fails to correctly organize writing activities.......................................................................... 139
58. Omits, adds, or substitutes words when writing................................................................... 141
59. Fails to form letters correctly when printing or writing.......................................................... 142
60. Fails to use verb tenses correctly when writing.................................................................... 144
61. Uses inappropriate letter size when writing.......................................................................... 146

F. Spelling

62. Fails to use spelling rules.................................................................................................... 148
63. Has difficulty with phonetic approaches to spelling.............................................................. 150
64. Omits, substitutes, adds, or rearranges letters or sound units when spelling words................ 152
65. Has difficulty spelling words that do not follow the spelling rules.......................................... 154
66. Does not use word-endings correctly when spelling or omits them....................................... 156
67. Spells words correctly in one context but not in another...................................................... 157
68. Requires continued drill and practice in order to learn spelling words................................... 159

G. Mathematics

69. Has difficulty solving math word problems.......................................................................... 161
70. Fails to change from one math operation to another............................................................ 164
71. Does not understand abstract math concepts without concrete examples............................. 166
72. Fails to correctly solve math problems requiring regrouping................................................. 167
73. Works math problems left to right instead of right to left...................................................... 169
74. Fails to follow necessary steps in math problems................................................................. 170
75. Fails to correctly solve math problems involving factions or decimals................................... 172
76. Fails to demonstrate knowledge of place value................................................................... 173
77. Confuses operational signs when working math problems.................................................... 174
78. Has difficulty understanding abstract concepts.................................................................... 175
79. Fails to correctly solve problems involving money............................................................... 177
80. Fails to correctly solve problems using measurement........................................................... 179
81. Fails to correctly solve math problems requiring division...................................................... 181
82. Does not understand the concept of time............................................................................ 183
83. Fails to correctly solve math problems requiring addition..................................................... 184
84. Fails to correctly solve math problems requiring subtraction................................................ 186
85. Fails to correctly solve math problems requiring multiplication............................................. 188
86. Does not understand the concept of skip counting............................................................... 190
87. Does not remember math facts........................................................................................... 191
88. Does not make use of columns when working math problems............................................. 192