COURSE OUTLINE

Biology I

1. History Of Life And Evolution
   1. The Origin of Life
      • Epistemology of life from the Secular and Islamic perspectives
      • Properties of life
      • Theories about the origin of life
      • Special Creation
      • Extraterrestrial Origin
      • Spontaneous Origin
      • Formation of Earth
      • The Solar System
      • The early earth
      • Chemical evolution
      • Miller-Urey Experiment
      • The Diversity of Life
   2. Evolution
      • Principle of evolution
      • Evidence for evolution
      • Biochemical similarities
      • Molecular homology
      • Fossil record
      • Intermediate anatomical modifications
      • Homologous structure
      • Embryology and vestigial organs
      • The Forces of Evolutionary Change
      • Mutation
      • Genetic Drift
      • Gene flow
      • Natural selection
      • Allopatric & Sympatric Speciation
2. Chemical Foundation Of Life
   1. Properties of Water
      • Polarity of Water and Hydrogen Bonding
      • Adhesion & cohesion
      • Thermal Properties
      • Density
   2. The Chemistry of Carbon
      • Definition of Organic compound
      • Ability of carbon to form covalent bonds
      • Hydrolysis & condensation
   3. Important Organic Compounds
      • Carbohydrates
      • Lipids
      • Proteins
      • Nucleic acid
   4. Techniques of Analysis
      • Chromatography
      • Electrophoresis
      • X-ray diffraction
   5. Enzymes
3. Ultrastructure And Function Of The Cell
   1. The Cell
   2. Biological Membranes
   3. Movement Across The Membrane
4. Cell Division
   1. Chromosomes
   2. The Cell Cycle
   3. Mitosis
   4. Control of Cell Cycle
   5. Meiosis
5. Heredity And Genetics
   1. Mendel and Laws of Inheritance
   2. Test Cross, Back Cross, and Reciprocal Cross
   3. Allelic Interaction
   4. Multiple Alleles
   5. Linkage
   6. Pedigree
6. Tissue Oragnization
   1. Organization of the Animal Body
   2. Epithelial tissues
   3. Connective tissue
   4. Muscle tissue
   5. Nervous tissue
   6. The Structure and Function of Plant Tissues
7. Variety Of Organisms
   1. Principles of Classification
   2. Metazoan Organization and Adaptation
   3. Kingdom of Life
   4. Kingdom Protista
   5. Kingdom Fungi
   6. Plant Kingdom
   7. Kingdom Animalia

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