Erik Manarino

Appeasement- Appeasement is giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace.  For example, Hitler was becoming more and more aggressive and thought that the treaty of Versailles was unfair, but western democracies; not wanting to cause trouble did nothing.

Blitzkrieg- Hitler’s main way of fighting knows as “lightning war”.  In this Hitler attacked Poland and German planes struck and hit factories, towns, and cities.  Sometimes dive bombers would attack civilians and soldiers and then fly off quickly before reinforcements could strike back. 

Cold war- The cold war was not really a war, but rather, hostility and tension between opposing nations.  It was Stalin and his communism vs. the Western powers and their democracy.

Collaborator- People who acted as spies and sought out and found Jews in Nazi occupied regions, they often helped to ship out Jews to deportation camps.  These people helped to fuel racism and to help the holocaust, which led to the extermination of millions of Jews.

Containment (policy) - In the Truman Doctrine a policy rooted in it was one called containment.  This basically stated that the world would try and limit the power and influence of communism other than areas already controlled by the USSR.

Genocide- Genocide is the direct intent to kill people different from them; it is one group trying to exterminate the other.  In WWII Germany wanted to kill off all the Jews saying that t reason Germany was in such bad shape was because of the Jews. 

Kamikaze- A kamikaze pilot is one who purposely crashes himself into an American warship.  With these kamikaze pilots it was obvious that Japan was getting tired of fighting, it was easier for them to send one of there men in for a suicide mission than fight one on one in war.   

Pacifism- Pacifism is the opposition of all types of War.  In WWII both Britain and France were against the war, because of the Great Depression and because they were still out of energy from WWI.

Winston Churchill- Churchill involved with the Cold War thought that Stalin was any thing but trustful.  But he also predicted a new danger facing the war stricken world.  “A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so… an iron curtain had descended across the continent.”

 

Franisco Franco- Franco led a revolt that started a bloody civil war.  His group known as nationalists rallied all others including communists, socialists, Loyalists, supporters of democracy, and others.

Dwight Eisenhower- Eisenhower was the supreme Allied commander who faced jobs such as assembling troops and supplies. Eisenhower was also in charge of leading the second front in Europe.

Haile Selassie- The king of Ethiopia was Haile Selassie.  He appealed to the League of Nations when his country was being attacked by Italy.  However the League of Nations really didn’t do anything so in early 1936, Italy conquered Ethiopia.

Harry Truman- After FDR died suddenly on April 12^th, President Harry Truman took his place. Truman had to decide whether to drop an atomic bomb or to send millions of men to their death.

Dunkirk- The miracle of Dunkirk happened in May, when German forces were pouring in to France.  In order to escape British soldiers had to gather on all types of ships including both naval and pleasure boats.

El Alamein- A battle in which the British turned the tables on Desert Fox, driving the axis forces back across Libya and into Tunisia. Later on General Eisenhower joined Britih forces trapping Rommel’s army, which surrendered in May 1943.

Guernica- A painting by Pablo Picasso that was 11 feet tall and 25 feet wide.  It syolized the violent affects of war using cubism.

Hiroshima- On August 6^th, 1945 an atomic bomb was dropped on this mid sized city.  It killed 70,000 people instantly and flattened four square miles.  Truman warned Japan that if they did not surrender they could expect more.

Nagasaki- The next day on August 7^th, 1945 a second bomb was dropped killing more than 40,000 people.  However some Japanese leaders still wanted to fight, but the others disagreed so on September 2, 1945 a formal peace treaty was signed.

Pearl Harbor- Pearl Harbor was an attack on the US by General Tojo at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.  On December 7, 1941 Japanese planes attacked and sank 19 ships and killed more than 2,400 people.

Operation Barbarossa- Hitler unleashed a new blitzkrieg or bombardment.  In this he poured 3 million Germans into Russia and caught Stalin unprepared. 

D-Day- D-Day is the name for the invasion of France y the allies.  It happened on June 6^th 1944.

 

Battle of Midway- The battle of Midway started on June 3rd, 1942.  This was an important win for the Allies in World War II.  The battle, fought with aircraft, resulted in the ruining of four Japanese aircraft carriers, smashing the Japanese navy.

Holocaust- The holocaust was a tragedy that was the result of 6 million Jews losing their lives.  The holocaust was genocide against Jews and other nationalities not from Aryan descent.

Cold War rivals (which nations) - The cold war rivals were those who wanted democracy and those who wanted communism.  Soviets lead the way of communism while the US leads the way of democracy.

Francisco Franco- Franco led a revolt that started a bloody civil war.  His group known as nationalists rallied all others including communists, socialists, Loyalists, supporters of democracy, and others.

Benito Mussolini- The fascist leader of Italy.  He had a strong military and used it on Ethiopia, in northeastern Africa.

Adolph Hitler- In WWII Hitler led Germany on its conquest of expansion.  He along with his allies tried to take over Europe and put it under Communistic Rule.  He also agreed to go along with the Holocaust.
Tojo Hideki- Hideki was a Japanese General and statesmen. He approved the attack on Pearl Harbor and pushed Japan further into China.

Neville Chamberlain- Chamberlain was Britain’s prime minister who said that he had “achieved peace for our time.”  He was against all types of war and wanted only to see peace throughout the world.

Franklin Roosevelt- Roosevelt was a member of the “big three” who to finish the war in Europe before moving on to Japan and Asia.  Roosevelt also was given the title of Assistant Secretary of the Navy.

Stalingrad- Stalingrad was one of the costliest of the war. In this battle Hitler wanted to control Stalin’s namesake city.  This battle killed 300,000 Germany men.

Explain 2 reasons why the US used the atomic bomb against Japan.-

• The US used the Atomic bomb against Japan because one, the Japanese were not willing to surrender.  Japan had nearly 2 million more men willing to fight for their country and to defend it.
• Also since Japan wasn’t willing to surrender, it meant that they had to be invaded.  Unfortunately, for this to be done an estimated million would die.  So considering the causalities with dropping a bomb killing about 150,000 of invading killing 1 million plus it made more sense to drop the bomb.