They are taken captive and scattered throughout the world into many nations and Islands. 

ISA 11 V 11

And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea.

It would appear that they remain in captivity for 2 -3 years. 

HOS 6 V 2

After two days will he revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his sight. 

The nation which takes them captive is a cruel nation. 

DEUT 28 V 49-52

The Lord shall bring a nation against thee from far, from the end of the earth, as swift as the eagle flieth, a nation whose tongue thou shalt not understand.   A nation of fierce countenance, which shall not regard the person of the old, nor shew favour to the young.  And he shall eat the fruit of thy cattle, and the fruit of thy land, until thou be destroyed. Which also shall not leave thee either corn, wine, or oil, or the increase of thy kine, or flocks of thy sheep, until he have destroyed thee. 
And he shall besiege thee in all thy gates, until thy high and fenced walls come down, wherein thou trustedst, throughout all thy land. And he shall besiege thee in all thy gates throughout all thy land, which the Lord thy God hath given thee.

As we have shown previously, Jacobs Trouble has a terrible toll on Israel. 
2/3rds of the population will die of sword, wild beasts, famine and disease.  We have shown that the population of Israel at present is about 424,000,000. 
2/3rds will die that is 280,000,000.  That leaves 141,000,000.  These people will go into captivity.  Only 1/10 come out of captivity alive. Which means only 14,000,000 will survive the captivity and Jacobs trouble. 

Before they are rescued from captivity they must learn many valuable lessons.  They must realize that their ways have been wrong. 
They must repent and  return to God. 
They  must realize that Jacobs trouble has been for their ultimate salvation. 
This is what God had to do to them before they would see the errors of their ways. 

God wants the Israelites to have a changed heart. 

LEV 26 V 39-42

And they that are left of you shall pine away in their iniquity in your enemies' lands; and also in the iniquities of their fathers shall they pine away with them. 
If they shall confess their iniquity, and the iniquity of their fathers, with their trespass which they trespassed against me, and that also they have walked contrary unto me; 
And that I also have walked contrary unto them, and have brought them into the land of their enemies; if then their uncircumcised hearts be humbled, and they then accept of the punishment of their iniquity: 
Then will I remember my covenant with Jacob, and also my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham will I remember; and I will remember the land. 

Whilst the Israelites are in captivity, God expects that His end time church will feed them and care for them, physically and spiritually.

Notice these following scriptures which show that the church should have looked after Israel.

Eze 34:2  Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD unto the shepherds; Woe be to the shepherds of Israel that do feed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the flocks? 

The following Israelites have been through Jacobs trouble, they desperately need the church to help them.  The church have not sought after Israel. 

Eze 34:4  The diseased have ye not strengthened, neither have ye healed that which was sick, neither have ye bound up that which was broken, neither have ye brought again that which was driven away, neither have ye sought that which was lost; but with force and with cruelty have ye ruled them. 

The church was only interested in feeding itself, they did not care about Israel.

Eze 34:8  As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely because my flock became a prey, and my flock became meat to every beast of the field, because there was no shepherd, neither did my shepherds search for my flock, but the shepherds fed themselves, and fed not my flock; 

Because the church will not go after Israel and try to find it and help it, God the Father has to do it Himself.

Eze 34:11  For thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I, even I, will both search my sheep, and seek them out. 

God provides both physical and spiritual food and drink for His church, but they do not pass on these things to Israel. 

Eze 34:18  Seemeth it a small thing unto you to have eaten up the good pasture, but ye must tread down with your feet the residue of your pastures? and to have drunk of the deep waters, but ye must foul the residue with your feet? 

The church did not care about giving Israel the best of the food and water, they took that for themselves. This is also referring to spiritual food.

Eze 34:19  And as for my flock, they eat that which ye have trodden with your feet; and they drink that which ye have fouled with your feet. 

David, is Gods trusted servant, and he will feed them.  Both David and the Father rescue Israel from captivity. 

Eze 34:23  And I will set up one shepherd over them, and he shall feed them, even my servant David; he shall feed them, and he shall be their shepherd. 

The following scripture shows clearly that the Father brings Israel back from captivity. 

Psa 14:7  Oh that the salvation of Israel were come out of Zion! when the LORD bringeth back the captivity of his people, Jacob shall rejoice, and Israel shall be glad. 

Once Israel have been through the captivity, their heart is changed to God.

Eze 34:30  Thus shall they know that I the LORD their God am with them, and that they, even the house of Israel, are my people, saith the Lord GOD. 

Elijah goes to them and turns their hearts 

MAL 4 V 5-6

Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the LORD: 
And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse. 

MAT 17 V 10-11

And his disciples asked him, saying, Why then say the scribes that Elias must first come?
And Jesus answered and said unto them, Elias truly shall first come, and restore all things. 

The following scripture shows that Elijah may go to them after they have been in captivity for two years then God rescues them in the third year of captivity. 

HOS 6 V 2

After two days will he revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his sight. 

Notice the changed attitude of the Israelites when they return from captivity. 

EZEK 14 V 22-23

22Yet, behold, therein shall be left a remnant that shall be brought forth, both sons and daughters: behold, they shall come forth unto you, and ye shall see their way and their doings: and ye shall be comforted concerning the evil that I have brought upon Jerusalem, even concerning all that I have brought upon it. 23And they shall comfort you, when ye see their ways and their doings: and ye shall know that I have not done without cause all that I have done in it, saith the Lord GOD.

And notice again 

HOS 6 V 1

Come, and let us return unto the LORD: for he hath torn, and he will heal us; he hath smitten, and he will bind us up. 

Isa 29:23  But when he sees his children in his midst, the work of My hands, they shall sanctify My name. They shall sanctify the Holy One of Jacob, and shall fear the God of Israel. 

Isa 29:24  Those who erred in spirit shall come to understanding, and those who murmured shall learn the instruction. 

Notice how they realized that God had to bring Jacobs trouble on them so they would change their ways. 

EZEK 6 V 9-10 

9And they that escape of you shall remember me among the nations whither they shall be carried captives, because I am broken with their whorish heart, which hath departed from me, and with their eyes, which go a whoring after their idols: and they shall loathe themselves for the evils which they have committed in all their abominations. 10And they shall know that I am the LORD, and that I have not said in vain that I would do this evil unto them.

Now that they have a changed attitude God sets His hand to rescue them. 

NOTICE THAT IT IS GOD THE FATHER WHO RESCUES ISRAEL

JER 16 V 14-15

Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that it shall no more be said, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt; 
But, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north, and from all the lands whither he had driven them: and I will bring them again into their land that I gave unto their fathers. 

Notice how God says He will lead them out. 

JER 31 V 8-9

8Behold, I will bring them from the north country, and gather them from the coasts of the earth, and with them the blind and the lame, the woman with child and her that travaileth with child together: a great company shall return thither. 9They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn

Deu 30:3  That then the LORD thy God will turn thy captivity, and have compassion upon thee, and will return and gather thee from all the nations, whither the LORD thy God hath scattered thee. 

God changes the Egyptian Sea, and makes a highway for the Israelites so they can come out of captivity.  Notice there was also a highway for the ancient Israelites. 

ISA 11 V 15-16 

And the LORD shall utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his mighty wind shall he shake his hand over the river, and shall smite it in the seven streams, and make men go over dryshod. 
And there shall be an highway for the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria; like as it was to Israel in the day that he came up out of the land of Egypt. 

Notice this amazing scripture, it shows The Father going on ahead of the Israelites and Israels  King passing before them. 

MIC 2 V 12-13

I will surely assemble, O Jacob, all of thee; I will surely gather the remnant of Israel; I will put them together as the sheep of Bozrah, as the flock in the midst of their fold: they shall make great noise by reason of the multitude of men. 
The breaker is come up before them: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it: and their king shall pass before them, and the LORD on the head of them. 

The king who shall pass before them is the resurrected King David. 

JER 30 V 9

But they shall serve the LORD their God, and David their king, whom I will raise up unto them.

Further confirmation of David the King of Israel 

EZEK 34 V 23-24

3And I will set up one shepherd over them, and he shall feed them, even my servant David; he shall feed them, and he shall be their shepherd. 24And I the LORD will be their God, and my servant David a prince among them; I the LORD have spoken it.

What do you think will happen to the nations which held the Israelites captive.  Lets notice this scripture for this new knowledge on this subject. 

ISA 14 V 1-5

1For the LORD will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land: and the strangers shall be joined with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob. 2And the people shall take them, and bring them to their place: and the house of Israel shall possess them in the land of the LORD for servants and handmaids: and they shall take them captives, whose captives they were; and they shall rule over their oppressors. 3And it shall come to pass in the day that the LORD shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve,
4That thou shalt take up this proverb against the king of Babylon, and say, How hath the oppressor ceased! the golden city ceased! 5The LORD hath broken the staff of the wicked, and the sceptre of the rulers.

Not only will they rule over their oppressors , on their way back to Jerusalem they will fight a number of battles as well.  Notice the following 

ISA 11 V 12-15 

12And he shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth. 13The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim. 14But they shall fly upon the shoulders of the Philistines toward the west; they shall spoil them of the east together: they shall lay their hand upon Edom and Moab; and the children of Ammon shall obey them. 15And the LORD shall utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his mighty wind shall he shake his hand over the river, and shall smite it in the seven streams, and make men go over dryshod.

When surrounding nations see what is going on with  Israel and Judah, and that they are in deed Gods people, they join themselves to Israel. 

ISA 56 V 8

The Lord GOD which gathereth the outcasts of Israel saith, Yet will I gather others to him, beside those that are gathered unto him. 

ZECH 2 V 11

And many nations shall be joined to the LORD in that day, and shall be my people: and I will dwell in the midst of thee, and thou shalt know that the LORD of hosts hath sent me unto thee. 

When the Israelites were taken captive, their children were taken from them.  They had no idea what would become of them. 

DEUT 28 V 32 

32Thy sons and thy daughters shall be given unto another people, and thine eyes shall look, and fail with longing for them all the day long: and there shall be no might in thine hand.

 Lets see what amazing things are going to happen to those children. 

ISA 49 V 20-23

20The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say again in thine ears, The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell. 21Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, and am desolate, a captive, and removing to and fro? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where had they been? 22Thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I will lift up mine hand to the Gentiles, and set up my standard to the people: and they shall bring thy sons in their arms, and thy daughters shall be carried upon their shoulders. 23And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

and notice

Isa 29:23  But when he sees his children in his midst, the work of My hands, they shall sanctify My name. They shall sanctify the Holy One of Jacob, and shall fear the God of Israel. 
Isa 29:24  Those who erred in spirit shall come to understanding, and those who murmured shall learn the instruction. 

Isn’t that amazing the children of Israel will be brought back unharmed and the Kings and Queens of the oppressing nations will be their nurses.  How amazing, how God can turn things around. 

Lets recap on what we have learned. 
The Israelites and Judah had to go through Jacobs trouble to see how  they had  to change their ways. 
During their captivity, Elijah turns their heart to the Father and the Fathers heart to them.  Israel then realize the error of their ways. 
The Father sends people to gather the Israelites in one area, then the Father and David bring the Israelites back to Jerusalem, their children are given back to them. 
There is a highway for them to come back on, surrounding people join in with the Israelites.  They fight battles on the way back.  David is their King forever, and the Father will live with them forever at His future Return. 

This is truly an amazing story.  What happens after Israel return to Jerusalem is equally as interesting.