Megan Mallory

 

World History E-Core

 

Period 5

 

12 May 2005

 

WORLD WAR II STUDY GUIDE

CH. 31

 

 

CH. 31

 

• Appeasement
• This was giving into the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace.

 

• Blitzkrieg

 

• This was the term for Hitler’s “lighting war” because with the use of high-tech equipment, the Nazis overtook Poland very quickly

 

• Cold War

 

• This was a war that took place after WWII
• There were no actual battles, but more meetings and economical fights instead.

 

• Collaborator

 

• These men helped the Nazis hunt down the Jews, shipping tens of thousands of Jews to their death.  

 

• Containment (policy)

 

• The democracies in the 1940s wanted to stick with the boundaries in the Treaty of Versailles
• They wanted no country to expand their boarders, but Hitler defied the Treaty when he tested the will of the western democracies
• He invaded Poland, in which he deliberately tried to angry the western democracies.

 

• Genocide

 

• This is an outcome of racism and is the destruction of an entire race of people.
• Hitler brought forth a huge genocide with the extermination of the Jewish people

 

• Kamikaze

 

• These were Japanese terrorists who took a suicide mission and crashed their planes loaded with explosives into American warships

 

• Pacifism

 

• This was opposition to all war
• The United States tried to stay passive as long as possible in WWII.

 

• Winston Churchill

 

• He was the king at the time of WWII in England
• He encouraged the British to fight on when they were planning on giving up under the Nazi threat
• He helped win the war, and never even thought of surrendering to the Nazis

 

• Francisco Franco

 

• In the Spanish Civil war, Franco had his side of the war that was made up of “Nationalists”
• The Nationalists were supported by Hitler and Mussolini

 

• Dwight Eisenhower

 

• He was made the supreme Allied commander in WWII
• He planned D-Day and was in charge of assembling the 176,000 troops

 

• Haile Selassie

 

• He was the president of Ethiopia at the time that Italy invaded.
• He appealed to the League of Nations for help 

 

• Harry Truman

 

• Truman was the President of the United States at the time that the US participated in WWII
• He followed through with the decision of dropping the bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

 

• Dunkirk

 

• When all hope was lost, the armada ferried more than 300,000 soldiers across the English channel
• This heroic rescue raised British morale

 

• El Alamein

 

• The British finally stopped Rommel’s advances in the Battle of el Alamein
• They turned the tables and made the Axis forces travel back across Libya into Tunisia.

 

• Guernica

 

• This was a painting that captured the brutality and terror of the Battle of Guernica

 

• Hiroshima

 

• This was the Japanese city that the Americans first dropped the bomb on, in pursuit to end WWII
• Even after over 30,000 Japanese citizens died, they would not surrender

 

• Nagasaki

 

• This was the second Japanese city bombed by a nuclear weapon
• 40,000 people died in this city, and the Japanese finally surrendered

 

• Pearl Harbor

 

• On December 7, 1941, the Japanese planned a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
• On that date, President Roosevelt declared war on Japan
• 3 days later, Japan’s allies, Germany and Italy, declared war on the United States

 

• Operation Barbarossa

 

• This was Hitler’s conquest of the Soviet Union
• He wanted to gain “living space” for the Germans ad to win control of the Russian’s regions that were rich in resources

 

• D-Day

 

• D-Day occurred on June 6^th, 1944
• About 176,000 Allied troops were ferried across the English Channel
• On August 25^th the Allies made it into Paris, and within a month France was free

 

• Battle of Midway

 

• After the Battle of Midway, the United States took the offensive in the war
• The next goal for the Americans was to capture Japan and make them surrender

 

• Holocaust

 

• This was the genocide of the Jewish race in Germany and Poland
• Over 2 million Jews were killed in concentration camps

 

• Cold War rivals (which nations)

 

• England
• Soviet Union
• United States

 

• Francisco Franco

 

•  In the Spanish Civil war, Franco had his side of the war that was made up of “Nationalists”
• The Nationalists were supported by Hitler and Mussolini

 

• Benito Mussolini

 

• He was the political leader in Italy
• He was Allied with Germany and Japan in WWII and led a fascist government

 

• Adolph Hitler

 

• Hitler was the political leader in Germany
• He started WWII and was the cause of the deaths of millions of Jews throughout Germany and Poland

 

• Tojo Hideki

 

• He was the Japanese General who led the surprise attack on Pearl harbor
• He was an extreme militarist and did not want peace
• He hoped to seize lands in Asia and the Pacific

 

• Neville Chamberlin

 

• He was the British Prime Minister that declared he had won “peace for our time”
• He was favored by Churchill than any other man

 

• Franklin Roosevelt

 

• Roosevelt was the President of the United States at the time of Pearl Harbor
• He declared war on Japan and declared war on Germany and Italy as well

 

• Stalingrad

 

• The battle of Stalingrad was important because both Stalin and Hitler wanted to overtake the city
• Stalin wanted to keep it because it was his city that he named after himself
• Hitler wanted it to defy Stalin and smite him

 

• Explain 2 reasons why the US used the atomic bomb against Japan.-

 

• The US used the atomic bomb against Japan because it was something that had never been done before; I believe they underestimated the damage that could be done
• It was faster and quicker than invading Japan and killing Americans