Megan
Mallory
World
History, E-Core
Period
5
1 October 2004
Greece Rome
Chapter 5
Minoan
civilization and the importance of its location-
o From their island home in the eastern Mediterranean, they crossed the seas to
the
countries, they acquired ideas and technology that they adapted to their own
culture.
Explain how
Sparta's location was important.-
o Sparta lies in the southern part of Greece, and isolated themselves from the other
city-states. They forbade their own citizens to travel, and looked down on trade and
wealth. This was good for the people living in Sparta because they knew no other way
of life.
Trojan war
location -
o Troy once was a rich trading city in present day Turkey. Troy controlled the vital
straits
that connected the
a very
wealthy city, and the Mycenaens were jealous about
Geography of
Greece created?
o
The mountains and valleys in Greece created the
Greek city-states. While the
mountains divided the Greeks from one another, the seas provided links to the outside
world and
connected the Greeks together.
Post Persian wars
domination
o
Because the Greeks were victorious in the
Persian war, they felt a strong sense of
their own uniqueness. They years to come after the war was considered to be a
“Golden Age” for
Peloponnesian War
o
major
disadvantage because it could not attack
Greek theater
origins
o
Greek literature began with the epics written by
Homer. The first Greek plays
were
performed in
Alexander's achievements
and empire
o
Alexander pictured himself as a second Achilles.
By 326 BC, he had conquered
Center of
Hellenistic world
o
Most of the people remembered in this time
period were the architects, artists, and
philosophers. The Hellenistic Age was many important advances in mathematics and
science.
Geographic
characteristics of
o
city-states. Greeks felt a strong loyalty to their city-states, and always defended their
independence.
Oligarchy
o
In
a form of government called oligarchy. This is where power is in the hands of small,
powerful
elite, usually from the business class.
Democracy
o
the
country.
Spartan
childhoods
o
seven, boys began training for a lifetime of military. As part of a warrior society,
women too
were expected to produce healthy sons for the army.
o
After the Persian war, Pericles ruled in
Because of his wise and skillful leadership, the government became more and more
democratic.
Aristotle's
meritocracy
o
Aristotle often asked this question of how
people should live. In his opinion, good
conduct
meant “pursuing the golden mean”, a moderate course between extremes.
Greek values
o
Most Greeks of this time were polytheistic. They
wanted to please the gods, and
provide
for their family.
Chapter 6
Augustus
o He
ruled from 31 BC to AD 14. He was the first emperor in
Julius Caesar
o For
some time, Caesar dominated Roman politics with Pompey (one of
greatest generals). Because Caesars enemies were afraid that he would try to become
king, they murdered him in 44 BC.
o What
and
elephants, to surprise the Romans at war. The Romans defeated
end.
Jesus
o Jesus is the “Son of God” and lived to be about 33 years old until the Romans
crucified him on the cross. Instead of preaching the “eye-far-an-eye” principle, he
preached forgiveness.
Paul
o Paul never actually saw Jesus, until one day where Jesus appeared in a dream to
him. Since then, he spread the news of Christianity throughout the world, setting up
churches
from
Odoacer
o He
finally ousted the
event as
the “fall” of
Ptolemy
o He was a Greek astronomer-mathematician. He proposed his theory that the earth
was the center of the universe.
Virgil
o He
wrote the poem “Aeneid”. This poem tried to show
as that
of
Martyr
o Christians during this time period were martyrs. They are people who die for their
beliefs in religion.
Mercenary
o This
was one of the suspected reasons for
someone who is hired to defend a foreign country.
Messiah
o Jesus was considered to be the messiah. This is someone who is a savior sent by
God.
Patrician
o These people made up the first republic in history. It was made up of 300 senate
members, all landholding upper class.
Plebian
o Plebeians had little, if any, influence on government. These people were the
farmers,
merchants, artisans, and traders who lived in
Aqueduct
o Roman builders built vast aqueducts. These brought water from the hills into
Roman cities.
Heresy
o Once
Christianity was made the official religion of
heresies. This is where some beliefs are said to be contrary to official church
teachings.
Legion
o A legion is made up of about 5,000 men. These citizen-soldiers fought without
pay and supplied their own weapons.
Republic
o The Romans were determined never again to be ruled by a king or queen. They
created a republic, otherwise known as the “thing of the people”.
Sect
o The first Christians were considered to be a sect. This means a small group.