Megan Mallory
World History E-Core
Period 5
Cold War Exam Ch.
32-33
STUDY GUIDE
· Terrorist
o Someone who uses deliberate use of random violence, especially against civilians
o They did this as exact revenge or to achieve political goals
· Privatization
o Selling off state-owned industries to private investors
o Debtor nations had to agree to adopt free-market policies from socialism
· Nonaligned
o This meant that one was not allied to either side of the Cold War
o Countries
such as
· multinational corporation
o Enterprises with branched in many countries
o These enterprises have invested in the developing world
· liberation theology
o Urging the Church to take a more active role in opposing the social conditions that contributed to poverty
o This
took place in mainly
· interdependence
o This is the dependence of countries on goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world
o Since 1945, transportation and communication systems have made the world increasingly interdependent
· culture shock
· acid rain
o A form of pollution in which toxic chemicals in the air come back to the Earth as rain, snow, or hail
o Acid rain damages forests, lakes, and farmland
· effects of Cold War
o The
o American industries faced competition with Asian and other nations
· why did democracy fail in many new nations?
o Prices skyrocketed because prices used to be artificially low under communism
o Factories that could not survive without the government were closed
· majority of world's wealth controlled by ?
o The West
o The West was much more advanced technology wise than the East
· effect of urbanization in developing nations
o Older traditions and beliefs were wanted to be kept, along with the new ideals of westernization
o These two ideas did not exactly mix, and there were constant disputes between the two ideas
· factories effect on environmental damage
o Countries fought over whose fault it was for the environmental damage
o World leaders discussed how to clean up and preserve the planet
· factors contributing to political instability in African nations
o one-third of all households are run by women
o Women
had no political say in politics until recently in
· primary cause of global interdependence
o The development of the UN intertwined the ordeals of other nations
o The economies of the countries in the UN depended on one another
· global South
o Civil Wars and other struggles prevented economic development in the South
o Military
dictators or other authoritarian leaders spent huge sums on weapons and warfare
instead of on education, housing, or health care
·
modern technology
o The inventions of the past have paved the way
for the inventions of the 20th century
o Televisions, Telephones, Satellites,
Telescopes, Microwaves, Cell Phones, and radios are among some of the
inventions that were created
· welfare state
o A government keeps most features of a capitalist economy but takes greater responsibility for the social and economic needs of its people
· Glasnost
o Otherwise known as openness
o This was a tactic used by a political leader to encourage people to discuss publicly the country’s problems
· Dissident
o These were people who spoke out against the government
o Many countries do not have freedom of speech
· Deficit
o The gap between what a government spends and what it take in through taxes and other sources
o The
deficit of the
· détente
o This was a time of relaxation of tensions
o This brought new agreements to reduce nuclear stockpiles
· Leonid
o He
took over the
o He wanted no freedom of speech, and anyone who spoke up faced arrest and imprisonment
· Brezhnev
o People who talked badly about the government were sometimes sent to an insane asylum
o He was not able to solve the Soviet problems
· Charles de Gaulle
o
· Martin Luther King Jr.
o He gave African-Americans the same rights as white people
o He got a law to be passed that declared the segregation of blacks and white to be unlawful
· Joseph McCarthy
o He was a Senator between 1950 and 1954
o He charged many Americans with harboring communist sympathies
· Margarent Thatcher
o She led the Conservative party, who denounced welfare as being costly and inefficient
o During
her 11 years as
· Perestroika
o This was the structuring of the government and the economy
o One political leader hoped that streamlining the government and reducing the size of the bureaucracy would boost efficiency and output
· service industry
o One that provides a service rather than a product
o This includes health care, finance, sales, education, and recreation
· Mikhail Gorbachev
o He
was a Soviet leader who loosened up the Soviet grip in
o Under his watch, one communist government fell after another communist government
· Helmut Kohl
o He was a West German Chancellor as the architect of unity
o He
assured both the
· Nikita Krushchev
o He emerged as the new Soviet leader
o In 1956 he publicly announced Stalin’s abuse of power
· Josip Tito
o He was a fierce guerilla leader in WWII
o He
set up a communist government in
·
o He
led the strikes by the shipyard workers in the
o They organized an independent trade union called Solidarity
·
reunification of
o The Berlin Wall was toppled and the country reunited
o Most changes came peacefully
·
goal of separatism in
o The
French-speakers in
o To
protect their culture, they demanded autonomy within
·
result of central economic planning in the
o Such rapid change brought economic turmoil
o Communists and bureaucrats whose careers were at stake denounced the reforms
·
civil war in
o There
were three groups that consistently had disputes in
o After
Tito’s death and the fall of communism, they fought with each other even more,
leading to the breakup of