1. Identify

a)      Yuan Shikai- He was a powerful general who crowned himself emperor. He tried to set up a new ruling dynasty.

 

b)      Twenty-One demands- Japan presented this to Yuan Shikai and they sought to make China a Japanese protectorate.

 

c)      May Fourth Movement- On May 4^th 1919 student protests erupted in Beijing and later spread. Students boycotted Japanese goods.

 

d)      Guomindang- The Nationalist party who established a government in south China.

 

e)      Jiang Jieshi- He was a young officer and he took over the Guomindang after Sun’s death. He was determined to reunite China.

 

f)        Mao Zedong- He was among the communists who escaped death during Jiang’s attack. He was a young revolutionary and led the communist to power.

 

g)      Long March- Was led by Mao as they ran from Jiang Jieshi and about 100,000 people went and only 20,000 made it.

 

h)      Rape of Najing- When Japan attacked China and took over they killed and raped many people and were extremely brutal and inhumane.

 

2. Why did the new republic of China fall into chaos after 1912?           

            - Because Sun Yixian stepped down as president and all order was lost.

 

3. a) What Western ideas appealed to Chinese reformers?

-The nationalist wanted to become like the west because they feel that they will be more powerful and less likely to be taken over. If they westernize they will have new technologies and weapons. 

     b) How did these reformers plan to end the growth of foreign influence in China?

            - They planned to block them off from the other people.

 

4. Describe the goals of each of the following:

a) Sun Yixian- He planned to raise an army, defeat the warlords, and spread the government’s rule over all of China.

b) Jiang Jieshi- He was determined to reunite China, and he had little interest in either democracy or communism.

c) Mao Zedong- He believed that the communist should seek support from the large peasant masses.