Alkalines batteries are ususaly designed with a power reservoir that enables them to last longer. High current and large capacity are standard, which means high performance for the customers. 

Features

High current, large capacity, stable voltage and current, excellent storage life, excellent resistance to leakage, mercury free.

System Description

The Alkaline system is designed to provide an economical power source for today’s devices that require heavy current or continuous use. The general characteristics of the Alkaline system are:

Better discharge rate capability than Carbon Zinc
Lower and more stable internal resistance than Carbon Zinc
Better low temperature performance than Carbon Zinc
Better service maintenance than Carbon Zinc
Higher energy density than Carbon Zinc
More economical than Carbon Zinc in terms of cost per hour of use on high current drains Sloping discharge curve
Relatively insensitive to changes in the discharge rate or duty cycle
Available in voltages ranging from 1.5 to 12.0 and in a variety of shapes and sizes

Battery Description

Alkaline batteries are produced with a high surface area zinc anode, a high density manganese dioxide cathode, and a potassium hydroxide electrolyte. Cathodes are a mixture of high purity electrolytic manganese dioxide and carbon conductor. Anodes are a gelled mixture of zinc powder and electrolyte. Separators of specially selected materials prevent migration of any solid particles in the battery. Steel can confines active materials and serves as the cathode collector, Brass pin serves as the anode collector, top and bottom covers provide contact surfaces of nickel-plated steel. Non-conductive plastic film label electronically insulates the battery, molded nylon seal provides a safety venting mechanism.

Electrochemistry

The rate capability, energy density, service maintenance and low temperature performance of the  Alkaline system are the result of an electrochemical interaction between a high purity, high density cathode containing a conductive carbon matrix. A high purity, high surface area zinc anode. A highly conductive, low freezing point electrolyte solution. The open circuit voltage of fresh cylindrical Alkaline batteries is typically 1.58 volts. The closed circuit voltage declines gradually as a function of the depth of discharge; therefore greater hours of service are obtained as the functional end point voltage is lowered. The energy output of Alkaline batteries is less sensitive to variation in the discharge rate and duty cycle than comparable size LeClanche or Zinc Chloride batteries. The electrochemical inputs of cylindrical Alkaline batteries are greater than that of similar sized Carbon Zinc batteries. This additional energy, in conjunction with high efficiency, gives Alkaline batteries a service advantage. Alkaline batteries have the ability to deliver more energy than Carbon Zinc under continuous or heavy duty, high drain conditions. However, as the drain rate is decreased and the duty cycle on-time reduced, the service difference between the Alkaline and Carbon Zinc systems is reduced.

Temperature

In general, changes in usage temperature affect the service of Alkaline batteries to a lesser degree than comparable size Carbon Zinc batteries. Heavy drain is defined as current that would discharge the battery within one day at room temperature. Moderate drain is defined as a current that would discharge the battery in approximately one week at room temperature. Light drain is defined as a current that would discharge the battery after one month or more at room temperature. Service on all drains after storage at high temperatures is eventually reduced by an increase in self discharge. Because of the high purity of materials used, their basic electrochemical stability, and sealing techniques, Alkaline batteries exhibit excellent service maintenance characteristics. On moderate drains between a 0.75 volt and 0.9 volt Functional End Point (FEP), the following typical service maintenance can be expected at storage periods and temperatures indicated below. The testing of cylindrical Alkaline batteries at higher or lower discharge rates can affect the percent of retained ampere-hour capacity by approximately 10%. While the storage of Alkaline batteries at temperatures below 21oC will increase their service maintenance, the percentage of ampere-hour capacity saved makes storage at low temperatures uneconomical under most circumstances. Storage at temperatures exceeding 21^oC for sustained periods of time will significantly reduce service maintenance. However, in all cases, the high temperature service maintenance of Alkaline batteries is greater than comparable Carbon Zinc.

Applications

Cameras, electric shavers, electronic calculators, fire detectors, high-power flashlights, pagers, tape recorders, other cordless products.

Charging of Primary Batteries

Charging of primary batteries may cause explosion or leakage which may result in bodily injury.
Metal-Jacketed Batteries -- It is important to note that some batteries have metal jackets. Proper design of devices using these batteries should include electrical isolation of the battery jacket from the device circuitry to prevent short circuiting. Short circuits may cause battery explosions or leakage.
Plastic Film Labels -- It is important to note that some batteries have plastic film labels over the metal raw cell. Proper design of devices using these batteries should include electrical insulation as well as the avoidance of burrs and/or sharp edges and corners that can cut through the plastic and result in battery shorting or inadvertent charging.

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