FINAL EXAM/INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE/ AMERICAN NATIONAL GOVERNMENT/R. ZIEGLER Name____________________________________ Part I Matching __1. legislature __2. incumbency __3. reapportionment __4. redistricting __5. gerrymandering __6. Baker v Carr __7. Reynolds v Sims __8. oversight __9. Speaker of the House __10. whip __11. seniority __12. chairman __13. subcommittees __14. cloture __15. filibuster __16. conference committee __17. constituency __18. rider __19. service strategy __20. veto __21. Watergate __22. Whitewater __23. 25th Amendment __24. impeachment __25. 17th Amendment __26. 22nd Amendment Part II Matching __1. pork-barrel __2. electoral college __3. cabinet __4. War Powers Act __5. government corporations __6. independent agencies __7. civil service __8. patronage __9. regulatory agencies __10. policy implementation __11. spoils system __12. whistle blowing __13. bureaucracy __14. judicial restraint __15. dissenting opinion __16. concurring decision __17. majority decision __18. original jurisdiction __19. precedent __20. senatorial courtesy __21. writ of certiorari __22. original intent __23. judicial activism __24. stare decisis __25. amicus curiae __26. Executive Office of the President Part III Matching __1. statutory law __2. regulatory law __3. budget deficit __4. federal debt __5. demand side economics __6. deregulation __7. Social Security Trust Fund __8. externalities __9. fiscal policy __10. monetary policy __11. inflation __12. disinflatioin __13. stagflation __14. laissez faire __15. supply side economics __16. Federal Reserve __17. FTC __18. EPA __19. OMB __20. entitlements __21. in-kind benefits __22. means test __23. transfer payment __24. feminization of poverty __25. legislative veto __26. impoundment Part IV Matching __1. cold war __2. containment __3. detente __4. deterrence __5. MAD __6. SDI __7. globalization __8. free trade __9. MNE __10. protectionism __11. isolationism __12. CIA __13. Joint Chiefs of Staff __14. IMF __15. GATT __16. conditionalities __17. NATO __18. Alan Greenspan __19. Newt Gingrich __20. Colin Powell __21. Third World __22. Sandra Day O'Connor __23. William Rehnquist __24. Clarence Thomas __25. Bretton Woods __26. North/South Controversy Part V __1. socialization of the fruits of production __2. socialization of the means of production __3. Security Council __4. General Assembly __5. Secretary-General __6. balance of trade __7. balance of payments __8. debtor nation __9. discount rate __10. reserve requirement __11. moral suasion __12. open market operations __13. margin requirement __14. money supply __15. MV = PQ __16. stagflation __17. disinflation __18. Phillips Curve __19. Laffer Curve __20. negligence formula __21. greenhouse effect __22. privatization __23. appropriate technologies __24. Kyoto Treaty __25. NGO's __26. G-7 __27. nuclear proliferation __28. Third Way __29. Milton Friedman __30. per capita GDP __31. regressive tax __32. safety net __33. negative income tax __34. rent control __35. minimum wage law __36. OSHA __37. sophomore surge __38. minority-majority districts __39. discharge petition __40. continuting resolution Part VI __1. FAS157 __2. Mark to Market __3. Mark to Maturity __4. Sarbanes-Oxley __5. Fannie Mae __6. Community Reinvestment Act __7. Buycks-Roberson v Citibank Bank 162 F.R.D.338 __8. Barney Frank __9. Franklin Raines __10. Federal Housing Enterprise Regulatory Reform Act of 2005 __11. Lawrence v Texas __12. Clinton Rossiter __13. Richard Neustadt __14. James David Barber __15. Fred Greenstein __16. Jones and Parini __17. Arthur Schlesinger __18. Robert Belosch __19. Theodore White __20. Philip Agee __21. Mujahudeen __22. Contras __23. Sandinistas __24. Allen Dulles __25. William Casey __26. Oliver North Part VII __1. charter of negative rights __2. Everson vs Board of Education __3. George Reedy __4. Kelo vs City of New London, CN __5. Ban Ky Moon __6. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution __7. Ear Marks __8. 17th Amendment __9. John Roberts __10. Samuel Alito __11. District of Columbia v Heller __12. Surge __13. Muslim Brotherhood __14. Hezbollah __15. Hamas __16. Fairness Doctrine __17. Fair Tax __18. Phillippe Calderon __19. Boland Amendment __20. Angela Merkle __21. Nikolas Sarkozy __22. William Sunquist __23. Cap and Trade __24. Anthony Downs __25. Jose Padilla __26. Ex Parte: Merryman ANSWERS TO PART I MATCHING A. the scandals that led to the resignation of Richard Nixon. B. an amendment attached to a bill in the legislature that may be completely unrelated to it. C. a law-making body D. provided a procedure for appointing a Vice President and for Presidential disability. E. 1960' s Supreme Court case mandating the redrawing of the districts of members of the US House after each census to keep them equal in population (one man, one vote). F. the official elected by the majority party in the House of Representatives who is its presiding officer. G. after each census the number of members of Congress alotted to each state based on its population is reconfigured. H. provided for the direct election of the US Senators from each state. I. redrawing the districts of elected officials following on each census. J. action by members of the Senate to block passage of a bill they know will pass if a vote were held by holding the floor in debate until it is tabled. K. where most of the work of Congress is done. L. legislative act of charging an elected or appointed official with wrongdoing for a vote on removal from office. M. made up of members from both houses, its job is to work out differences betweeen House and Senate passed versions of the bill. N. a petition by 2/3 of the Senators to cut off debate to end a filibuster and vote on a bill. O. those an elected official represents. P. refers to holding office. Q. Supreme Court applied the principle of one man, one vote to all representative legislative bodies. R. length of service which has much to do with a members power and rank in Congress. S. act of the president to reject a bill passed by the congress and sent to him. T. limited the time anyone could serve as President. U. the role of Congress in implementation and evaluation of policy. V. the provision of assistance by elected officials to their constituencies. W. the most powerful person on a committee and its presiding officer. X. the scandals involved around Clinton and his associates in land dealings in Arkansas. Y. the redrawing of legislative district boundaries to favor one party or group. Z. the party member whose job it is to line up votes. ANSWERS TO PART II MATCHING A. made up of the heads of the executive departments who meet to advise the President. B. act of reporting to proper authority or superiors unethical conduct of colleagues. C. practice of President taking suggestions of whom to appoint to open federal judge seats from members of his own party in the Senate. D. 'let the decision stand' -- means that a court decision in a case lets established law rule. E. Supreme Court determination to accept a case that has been brought to it. F. past court decisions which constitute a body of law that courts draw upon in making decisions G. resulting from a compromise made at the Constitutional convention, it actually elects the President and Vice President. H. philosophy in jurisprudence that courts should seek to render decisions based on what the Framers of the Constitution intended. I. the area of authority in which a particular court can hear cases. J. contemporary school of legal thinking which holds that courts should make law where it has not been done by legislatures to fit the needs of modern society. K. written by one of the Supreme Court Justices who prevail in a decision expressing their reasoning in making the decision and which serves as basis for other courts applying that decision in related cases. L. the large body of governmental workers. M. practice of assigning jobs to friends and supporters by a candidate who wins election. N. courts have ruled this kind of legislative veto invalid but not in this case which orders a President to report to Congress and seek their approval if US troops are deployed 'in harm's way.' O. examples would be the TVA, Amtrak, EX-IM Bank. P. written by a Justice who agrees with the court's decision but for different reasons. Q. a brief in support of one side in a legal dispute before a court submitted by counsel not directly involved in the litigation. R. the traditional term for patronage beginning with the administration of Andrew Jackson based on rewarding services tgey have rebdered or loyalty. S. examples would be NRC, EPA, OSHA, FCC, FAA, and ICC. T. written by a Justice who disagrees with the Court's decison elaborating rationale for the disagreement. U. Over the last century, most federal jobs have been awarded to applicants through this practice which involves merit testing those who apply. V. legislation of expenditures that are specifically designated to favor one constituency. W. The OEO and NASA would be examples of this type of federal agency. X. legal theory that courts should limit their actions to interpreting the law and not engage in 'legislating' by creating new law. Y. the second stage of the policy process. Z. includes those who work most closely under the President, in such areas as daily operations involving security, economics and trade, expert advice, policy formation, White House staff, and public relations. ANSWERS TO PART III MATCHING A. it is suggested that in the near future, all of those who are poor in America will be single mothers and their dependent children. B. made by an elected legislative body. C. largely the domain of the Congress, this involves taxing and spending policies. D. almost exclusively the domain of the Federal Reserve, this involves money supply and interest rates. E. an annual shortfall of revenues of federal government compared to revenue available. F. act of Congress declared unconstitutional in the courts by which it seeks to 'unspend' money it has appropriated when the executive branch acts to implement a policy. G. has authority to issue 'cease and desist orders' to businesses it deems are involved in unethical or otherwise false advertising and similar activities, but which means the agency must act to take the perpetrators to court if they do not agree with the ruling. H. general rise in the price level. I. all Presidents until Ford had this authority to refuse to spend appropriated funds if they did not wish to or disagreed with their use, but the Congress made it illegal after Nixon resigned -- he had used it extensively to hold down federal spending. J. the period of high inflation and a stagnant economy which marked the late 1970's. K. the accumulated deficits of the US government. L. economic philososphy holding that government should not intervene in the economy xcept on a very limited level. M. issued by a regulatory agency. N. policy that marked such areas as trucking, banking, and airlines in the late 70's and 80's and cut the amount of federal regulation of those industries. O. prints our money, regulates banking, sets reserve requirement and margin rate, clears checking, transacts federal bond activities, influences interest rates by setting the discount rate, regulates money supply, uses moral suasion to influence policies, and more. P. the current surpluses in this have been sufficient to make the federal budget appear to be 'balanced' because the government borrows them to offset deficits in the general operating budget. Q. largely based on Keynesian philosophy, it holds that government expenditures should be adjusted to make up for changes in federal revenues on gaps in consumption and investment. R. grants of money to individuals based on their memberships in groups targeted by federal policy for assistance. S. expresses concept that reductions in taxes and regulation should be enacted to stimulate economic productive activity, and the idea that cutting these will stimulate economic activity and may even thus increase federal revenue collection. T. set up by Nixon, it coordinates federal regulation involving the environment. U. requires recipients of federal money to demonstrate that they need the money even if they otherwise would be entitled to it. V. such expenditures to people of federal money as social security, subsidies, unemployment, and welfare. W. works with the President to develop a budget proposal to Congress which it then basically ignores in working out the federal spending plans. X. impacts of policies or practices on those not immediately involved in the activity. Y. continued levels of inflation which are lower than those experienced in the previous period. Z. government payment in cash eqivalent in a specified way such as food stamps or rent vouchers. ANSWERS TO PART IV MATCHING A. the current and long time Chairman of the Federal Reserve System. B. this coordinates US espionage and counter-insurgency activities. C. Reagan proposed development of a laser and particle based defensive shield to block attack on the US. D. Supreme Court Justice appointed by George Bush whose confirmation was nearly derailed by liberal partisan attacks which he termed a 'high tech lynching.' E. appointed to the Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan. F. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. G. system of fixed exchange rates set up after WWII which lasted until 1973. H. the long time struggle between capitalism and communism. I. the adversarial struggle betweeen the poor and emerging nations versus the advanced sector. J. Speaker of the House in the Republican 104th and 105th Congresses. K. alliance among the US and other Northern European countries for mutual defense efforts. L. the undeveloped, developing, or underdeveloped nations of the world. M. an international treaty for signatories to reduce barriers to trade among them. N. businesses which are involved in economic activity which crosses national boundaries. O. appointed by George Bush, he was the first African American Commander of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and was instrumental in carrying out Desert Storm. P. the doctrine that prevailed in international relations for decades based on the establishment of nuclear and conventional miliatry power that was substantive enough to preclude aggression by an adversary which had a similar capability precluding attack on them. Q. Cold War doctrine of US and its allies acting to limit the spread of communism. R. economic policy of putting in place barriers to trade to shield domestic industries from foreign competition S. the heads of the military branches which advise the President. T. economic doctrine of removing national barriers to trade. U. under the auspicies of the United Nations, it was set up in 1945 as a sort of 'overdraft protection' for member nations involved in international currency exchange in order to facilitate world trade, which is funded by contributions from member states based on the sizes of their economies, accords voting to member nations based on the size of their contributions, and which requires nations which recieve its loans to abide by its terms to get them, supposedly to achieve freer trade but often resulting in restricting growth so much that the country's debt burden accelerates beyond ability to repay. V. the direction of the world's economy toward international activity beyond national boundaries. W. a 'thawing out' of relations between the US and Soviet Union during the Cold War that occured at various junctures. X. imposed by the IMF to recieve its loans, they vary from freer markets, privatization and less protectionism to devaluing currencies, spending reductions, population control, and appropriate technologies which limit the technology nations can finance to that which fits their state of development. Y. term for the MAD doctrine of building overwhelming force that precludes attack. Z. idea that a nation should cut itself off from the world as much as possible. Answers to Part V A. duty, hbreach, harm, causal connection B. equation of exchange C. passed to authorize government spending when a budget has not been passed D. rate of interest charged by Fed to member banks to borrow reserves which works as an anchor for most other interest rates E. a tendency for members of Congress to get more votes the first time they run for reelection. F. social democrat orientation of transferring the wealth from producers to nonproducers G. court and Congressional mandated drawing of districts to create a proportion of them which should elect minorities H. policy initiative which functions to eliminate low paying entry level position jobs I. Chicago School of Economics/neo-classical laissez faire orientation J. hypothetical policy perspective said to be between capitalism and socialism, but which Mises described as a slippery slope to socialism K. traditional socialist orientation of public/government control of wealth production L. suggests the negative relationship between tax rates and revenue generated by them. M. the spread of atomic weaponry to more nations. N. the value of the goods and services produced in an economy divided by its population. O. the 'down' payment required to buy stocks and set by the Federal Reserve P. non-governmental organizations Q. a stagnant economy at the same time that inflation is higher/as in the 1970's R. the difference between the value of any nation's imports and exports. S. a tax which is a heavier burden on lower incomes than higher ones, such as property tax and social security T. parliamentary procedure to force a committee to report out a bill it is sitting on U. supposedly what such programs as welfare provide for people V. international agreement to force industrialized nations to cut their standards of living by limiting through arbitrary standards some negative externalities when advanced technology is the only way to really reduce them W. this Friedman proposal did not pass but resulted in the creation of the earned income credit X. regulation of this is one of the Fed's most vital powers Y. supposed impact on earth's environment of industrialization and overpopulation Z. Fed duty of buying and selling government securities through which it has a tremendous influence on money supply growth and interest rates AA. this has led to the undermaintenance of living accomodations in many cities BB. policy initiative of providing less expensive better programs by allowing them to be provided by the private sector CC. each member nation of the UN has one vote in this DD. expresses the ordinary inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment EE. the biggest economies in the world which also control the IMF and BID FF. set up by Nixon allegedly to improve working conditions, but it has been insurance premiums, litigation, and technology that has effected that GG. requirements for IMF loans which limit economic development of undeveloped nations by limiting them to low tech production methods HH. phenomenon since the 1980's of relatively lower inflation and unemployment II. the five permanent members on this have veto power over anything the UN proposes to do JJ. the difference between the value of all financial exchanges of a country internationally KK. the part of many deposits which the Fed mandates member banks must hold and deposit also on their books LL. hints of Fed policy which have tremendous impact on economic markets MM. chief administrative offices of the UN NN. a nation which has more investments in it than it has outside of its borders -- defined inadequately as a nation which owes more than is owed it. part VI answers A. muslim rebels the CIA trained and armed to fight the Soviet army in Afghanistan in the 1980's B. his book Hidden Hand Ike described the achievements of the Eisenhower Presidency C. developed a methodology of comparing Presidents based on characteristics of active/passive and positive/negative D. anti-communist freedom fighters in Nicaraqua trained and armed by Reagan Administration E. head of CIA fired by Kennedy over JFK's blundering at Cuba's Bay of Pigs F. Presidential historian whose book The Imperial Presidency was critical of Nixon excesses while ignoring the same things done by LBJ G. Reagan's CIA director H. Nicaraquan communists headed by Daniel Ortega I. his book Presidential Power focused on methodologies of use of authority by Presidents J. setting the value of assets to their value at maturity/sale/future value K. lawsuit filed by Obama and other attorneys demanding that banks have to give mortgages to poor under allegations of discrimination L. leading Democrat Congressman who blocked Bush attempts to reform mortgage practices on the basis that there was no problem in the industry M. his book exposed and destroyed CIA operations and agents worldwide N. Carter law that expanded prohibitions on redlining and led to forcing banks to give loans to people who could not afford them O. the Imperial Congress described the abuses or the permanent Congress Democrats controlled from 1950's to 1995. P. ruled that a law prohibiting certain sexual acts between consenting adults was unconstitutional and opened door to challenges of other state laws effecting adult behavior Q. developed an off-shore plan to fund the Contras after Congress outlawed government assistance to them R. legislation enacted to regulate accounting practices after such abuses as Enron in the 1990's although the culprits were prosecuted under existing law, opening door for more federal control S. Fannie Mae executive whose policies pushed loans to those who could not afford them and walked away from agency with $90 million in bonuses and was Obama adviser T. effort by Bush to curtail mortgage industry abuses blocked by Democrats U. determining worth of assets by present value V. his series of books described the details of the presidential campaigns from 1960-1972. W. wrote of the sundry 'hats' a president must wear X. Government sponsored agency (GSE) over mortgage industry which failed in 2008 Y. SEC regulation which altered accounting practices with government determination of asset valuation and changed the status of major businesses in late 2008 from liquid to insolvent Z. Presidential historian whose book Crisis Years described JFK's problem of being hamstrung from too many cross currents of advice Part VII Answers A. conservative President of France B. conservative President of Mexico C. supreme court decision which manufactured the so-called 'separation of church and state D. Lincoln had a pro-slavery agitator in Baltimore and held under martial law abridgement of habeas corpus. E. conservative Chancellor of Germany F. Palestinian terrorist group funded and armed by Iran in control in Gaza G. An Economic Theory of Voting VC=P+Ec H. wrote of the pendulum swing between Presidential and Congressional hegemony I. Supreme Court voted 5-4 to allow government to expand eminent domain to allow seizure of property if it would get the government more tax dollars J. Twilight of the Presidency K. Secretary General of the United Nations L. planned liberal censorship of radio by forcing any station to accept any alternative viewpoint M. victory over terrorists in Iraq was secured by a 2007-8 increase in U.S. combat forces N. allowing direct election of U.S. Senators reduced power of state government and political parties while dramatically increasing the cost of seeking a Senate seat O. Palestinian terrorist group funded and armed by Iran in control in southern Lebanon P. would replace IRS, income tax, corporate taxes with a national sales tax which would stimulate economic activity. Q. Bush appointed him to replace Chief Justice William Rehnquist R. Hispanic youth held under Patriot Act for his threat on tied to Al Qaeda, now in prison S. Obama speaks of a philosophical alternative to the limited government of the Declaration and Constitution using this phrase of empowering government T. Democrat Congress passed this after Hanoi attacked a Naval ship, giving the President authority to undertake military action against North Vietnam U. tax to be levied on Americans whose carbon footprint is too large by some govt standard V. early 20th century organization which had ties to Nazis and led to development of radical Islam and such groups as al Qaeda W. applied the Second Amendment to the Washington, D.C., in effect 'nationaliziing' it for he first time X. Bush appointed this originalist jurist to replace Sandra Day O'Connor on the Supreme Court Y. funds provided by Congress members for projects or programs where the congressional direction circumvents Executive Branch merit-based or competitive allocation processes, or specifies the location or recipient, or otherwise curtails the ability of the Executive Branch to manage critical aspects of the funds allocation process. Z. the Democrat Congress passed this outlawing any U.S. governmental assistance to the Contras fighting the Sandinista communists in Nicaraqua 176-196 A 155-175 B 134-154 C 112-132 D Return to Beginning of ejps
