| vit | active form | action | deficiency | structure |
| vitc (ascorbic acid) | reducing agent 1-formn of fibroblast ,osteo ,odontoblasts 2-folinic a 3-fe+3 >fe+2 (HB) 4-metab of tyrosine 5-metab of tryp 6-prevent heart & cancer | scurvy | ||
| vitB1 (thiamine) | TPP thiamine pyrophosphate | metab of pyruvate & a-ketoglutarate & pentoses | 1-+pyruv a ,pentoses 2-BereBeri 3-Wernicke -Korsakoff | |
| vit B2 (riboflavin) | FAD ,FMN | removal of (H) direct and indirect | dermatitis ,vascularization of cornea mouth inf | |
| Niacin | NAD /NADP | (H) carrier /inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue (-) triglycerides and cholesterol | pellagra (diarrhea ,dermatitis ,loss of mental power | |
| vit B6 (pyridoxine ) | pyridoxal phosphate ?(pyr.p) | *transamination *deamin *sulfuratn *desulf *decarboxylatn *condensatn | impaired growth *anemia *convulsion *pellagra *nausea *deramtitis in rat] | |
| pantothenic acid | COASH | *metab of pyruv ,a-keto glu *metab of fat *coenz + acetyl =acetylcoA =carbohydrate metab | no deficiency except with antibiotic destruct cells | |
| Biotin (Coenz R) (vit H) | biocytin | incorporatn of Co2 into metabolites (carrier of carboxy gp) | ||
| Folic acid ,folacin | THF | transfere of single C unit | 1-megaloblastic anemia 2-Macrocytic anemia 3-Leucopenia | |
| Vit B12 (cyano cobalamine) | *nu acid & nucleoprotein syn >help folic acid action *isomerization of methyl malonyl CoA | Pernicous anemia due to partial or total gastectomy or (-) intrinsic factor | ||
| Lipoic acid (S) | metab and give energy through formn of Acetyl CoA (from pyruv a) & Succinyl Coa (a-keto) >HB formn (act as a carreier of acyl gp) | |||
| Inositol | lipotropic factor prevent + of fat in liver | |||
| choline | methyl donar . It changed 1st to betaine ald then to betaine | lipotropic factor as it enter formn of lecithins ,plasmalogens and sphinomyelins *precursor of a.ch | *alcoholic cirrosis of liver *(-) immunoglobulin formn | |