| name | structure | preparation | comment | uses |
| menthone | from pippermint oil *not react e NaHSO3 | *antispasmodic 2-Rowachol pills | ||
| Pulegone | reduction to menthol or redn of (=) | *react e NaHSO3 | ||
| isopulegone | not react e NAHSO3 | |||
| Piperitone | react e NaHSO# *co is not active (=) | |||
| ionine (a ,B) from Orris root and Boronia megastigma | rose oil >add NaHSO3 > sulfonated salt (water sol )> add sat soln of NaCl (salting out) >a-ionine will crysallize (trihydric sulfonated salt So3.3H2o >regeneration by NaoH >fract dist .,B ionine remain in soln | *sulfonation of a ionine contain 3 water of crystallization will B is 2 *sulfonation occur in side chain (=) *convert a > B by c.H2so4 and the reverse by NaoH | 1-retinal acetate (precursor of vit A) 2-perfumes (has violet odour) and cosmotics | |
| Carvone (60% in caraway oil) | it is isolated by three methods 1-e passing H2S/NH4OH >wash > digestion e NaoH >carvone free + Na2S 2-+2 NaSO3 +H2O (for estimation) give sulfonate (addn on = only not on carbonyl give water sol product + 2 NaOH free w back tit # st HCl 3-hydroxylamine HCl >oxime + HCl w stop the reaction(so it is not effectient) N.B it is not react e phenyl hydrazine as it is for ald only | flavor | ||
| Diosphenol (Buchu leaves oil and called buchu camphor | *diosphenol system make its OH as phenols slightly acidic so it is isolated by NAOH form phenolate >water sol (cassia flast) or estimated as ketone by NH2OH.HCl >diosphenol oxime + HCL (back tit) *it is not react e NaHSO3 as is blocked by OH *Buchu containd diosphenol (in oil gland ) and Diosmin flavonoid in epidermis *it reduse Fehling & amm AgNo3 *give green col e FeCL3 | as it is phenol it has antiseptic properties for urinary tract | ||
| Fenchone (in fennel) | oil >digestion e HNo3 >decomposion of rest of oil except fenchone >fract.dist >NH2OH.HCL for purification >oxime >water sol >regeneration by NaOH | *it is very stable toward bisulfite ,acid halides KMNO4 .even nitric acid | mast undesirable odour | |
| Camphor (oil of Cinnamomum camphora) | oil >fract dist >fractions rich in camphor >crystallization >for further purification :1-sublimation under redused pressure 2-or add 80% H2SO4 >adduct >clean > sublimation 3-form oxime & regeneration by NaOH | -it form eutectic mix & it is sublimable at RT *it is not combine e bisulfite *it is redused by H2 to isoborneol ,borneol E10 ,then camphene while metalic Na reduse it to isoborneol & borneol *it is B9prep naturally from a-pinene >HCl >pineneHCL >isomer > | 1-local rubifacient 2-local stimulant 3-syn chemistry | |
| *give +ve test e cl (synthetic) as use HCl >contain residual CL but natural is not | ||||