| acyclic | |||
| name | structure | comment | uses |
| linaol (coriander oil) | *easily isomerize to geraniol by organic acids *oxidation ( chromic acid)give citral (perfumes from coriander oil)) *hydrated to terpine hydrate by 5%H2So4 (monohydroxy or dihydroxy) *it is tertiary alc | ||
| Geraniol (in geranium oil) *trans form | isomer of linalol (1ry alc) | Geraniol :*same reaction as linalol (oxdn give citral & conc acid make cylization (diterpentene) & 5%H2so4 give hydrate ,separated from nerol by Cacl2 give crystals (insol in ether or benzene and easily decomposed by water to liberate geraniol) e geraniol and not nerol *nerol is more stable (less stearic hinderance) | |
| nerol (neroli oil) *cis form of linalol | 1ry alc | ||
| citronellol | in rose oil and citronella oil | perfume | |
| alicyclic monoterpene alc | |||
| monocyclic monoterpine alc | |||
| menthol (pippermint oil of mentha piperita | *isolationby cooling oil >form crystals (fractional crystallization at dii low temps} * -ve fecl3 test *prepared from semisynthetic as pulegol or pulegone by reduction or by piperitol or piperitone * | 1-food flavor 2-antispasmodic 3-prevent calculi formation | |
| carveol (caraway seed oil) | *oxdn of carveol by chromic acid give carvone *a product of auto-oxidation of d-limonene | ||
| Terpineols (a,b,g) | *a-terpene is the only natural *prepared from a or b pinene>acidification>dipentene >hydration by 60%H2so4 >terpin >dehydration give a or b terpineol *a-terpineol under acidic conditions esp H2so4 addn >linkage bet oH & = give (cineol)=eucalyptus oil (eucalyptol) form adduct e H3po4 solid adduct of cineol phosphate under unhydrus condition so from terpintine oil (pine oil) can obtain eucalyptus oil | perfume industry | |
| bicyclic monoterpines | |||
| Borneol (Dryobalanops camphora ) indogenous to sumatra & Borneo | *Borneol is natural and iso borneol is not *borneol(alc) by oxdn give camphor (ketone) so they are present in mix (how to separate?) *to separate borneol from iso use HPLC and to purify borneol from iso convert iso to solid H.C camphene by heat e ZnCl2 in benzene or other dehydrating agent . | ||
| sabinol | *in pinaceae | ||
| thujyl alc | *in thuja oil | ||
| Sesquiterpene alc | |||
| Partheniol (Parthnium argenatum) (guayle) | 1-antitermite 2-fungistatic | ||
| Eudesmol a,b, g (b in mastic gum and myrrh) | * b uses 1-treatment of peptic ulcer 2-anticholine esterase (organophosphorus poisoning) 3-antiepleptic 4-neuromuscular blocker *a-eudesmol 1-Ca channel blocker =antihypertensive 2-neurogenic vasodilation 3-migrain *other biologically active eudesmanoids :santonin =anthelmintic ,Argentone /carissone /panellon =antifungal | ||
| Elemol (cymbopogon proximus) proximol in market | *total ext. has activity more than individual components *it is monocyclic sesquiterpene | ||
| a-santalol | *tricyclic sesquiterpenes *from sandal wood | ||
| Globulol | *tricyclic *from eucalyptus globulus | ||
| cedrol | *tricyclic *from pinnaceae | ||
| Aromatic alcohols | |||
| Benzyl alc (oil of jasmin) | *isolated by dehydration using anhyrrous Cacl2 | 1-lacal anaethetic 2-fixative and diluents in perfumary | |