| glucocorticoids |
1-1-metabolic action A-hyper glycemia (+liver gluconeogensis 2-(-) uptake & utilization of glucose by
cells) B-(-) protein syn
& + protein catabolism esp in muscles (-) growth of children C-+ gastric Hcl sec & tendency to peptic ulcer D--ve Ca
balance : (-) abs of Ca from GIT & stimulate +
exc of Ca in urine by + release of parathormone hor ,+ osteoclasts activity >osteoporosis 2-supression of hypophysial (-CRF) pit adrenal axis (-ACTH) > (-) sec of adrenal steroid 3-anti- inflamatory action : a-(-) no of inf cells (allergy cells) esp basophiles and (-)
no of mast cells (-) release of histamine b-+ syn of
lipoprotein (special protein inhibit phospholipase A2 > inhibit Arachidonic acid 4-immuno-supression
action a-lymphocytes b-lympholytic leukemia c-(-) rejection of patients to organ transplantation |
1-as replacement therapy in Addisone's
disease chronic deficiency of sec of adrenal cort. ,addisonian crisis ( sudden withdrawal of gluco cort therapy),congenital adrenal hyperplatia (due to
cong . defect in biosyn of cortisol > (-) syn of cortisol +ant pit + ACTH)
treat :(-) sec of ACTH (-ve feed back) 2-treat of
inf conditions a)rheumatic arthritis (rhematoid) b)systemic lupus c)some eye
& skin inf (not taken in glucoma as it + ocular
pressue d) rheumatic carditis e)severe bronchial asthma 3-treat. of lympholytic leukemia 4-treat of allergic reactions |
1-rapidly acting eg : hydrocortisone (cortisol) ,corticosterone ,cortisone
..activity related to cortisol 2-intermediate acting : prednisone >invivo >prednisolone (active metabolite) , Triamcinolone (has no mineralo cort. Activity) 3-long acting : Beta-methasone ,dexamethazone (both have low mineralo cort. act.) ,, special glucocorticoids : Budesonide & Beclomethzone >inhalation therapy > lacal effect and no systemic |
1-hyper glycemia >but it is not contra- indicated 2-supression
of hypothalamic pit. Adrenal axis > (-) CRF (-)
pit (-) ACTH (-) adrenal steroid so gradual withdrawal of glucocorticoiods is
necessary 3-minor infection may change to systemic
infection (as it is immunosupressant) 4-electrolyte abnormalities :edema due
to +Na retention 5-myopathy esp Hip & shoulder gisodle 6-+ intraocular pressure >glucoma 7-mental disorders :nervousness
-insomnia -ephoria -if severe >depression 8-peptic
ulcer esp e high doses of Aspirin 9-Menstrual
disturbances 10-growth retardation if treat more than 6 months esp in children 11-oral thrush (candidiases) when
inhalation products eg Budesonide ,Becloethazone |
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| mineralocorticost |
indogenous to Aldosterone w actions are 1-+reabs of Na from renal tubules of
kidney (urine ,GIT, sweat glands) =Ne retention 2-+K
ion excreated |
as replacement therapy IM but has short duration so aldosterone not used but use deoxycorticosterone Acetate (DOCA) >precursor of aldosterone IM 2-4 weeks |
1-DOCA 2-other syn drugs :fluodro- cortisone :but has mineralo-cort activity + anti-inf act (gluco-cort)
150:15 as cortizol |
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