***C++ Class and Object Tutorial***
using inheritance and polymorphisms.

Inheritance: inheritance is a way to form new classes (instances of which are called objects) using classes that have already been defined. The new classes, known as derived classes, take over (or inherit) attributes and behaviour of the pre-existing classes, which are referred to as base classes. It is intended to help reuse of existing code with little or no modification. (wikipedia.org)
Polymorphism: a mechanism allowing a given function to have many different specifications, depending on the type(s) to which it is applied, or, more specifically, Polymorphism in object-oriented programming. (wikipedia.org)