- Wikipedia on Sexual Orientation
- Gay men respond differently to pheremones
- Gay Men's Brains Found Different
- The Homosexual Brain
- APA on Homosexuality
- Reuters: Gene Alters Sexuality of Fruit Flies
- Cell: Fruit Fly Experiment
- Homosexuality-A Natural Cause?
- A Difference in Hypothalmic Structure Between Heterosexual and Homosexual Men (study published in Science, 253: 1034-1037, 1991)
- NewScientist.com: Pheromone attracts straight women and gay men
Homosexuality in Animals
- Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity
- Salon: The Fabulous Kingdom of Gay Animals
- Homosexual Behaviors in Animals
- National Geographic: Homosexual Activity Among Animals Stirs Debate
- Wikipedia: Homosexuality in Animals
- Seattle Times Article
- Conversion Therapy Did Not Work for Penguins
- More Fruit Flies: Females
Reparative Therapy
- Estimates of Success
- Anything But Straight: Ex-Gay History
- Ex-Gay Watch: News and Analysis of Ex-Gay Politics
- The Ex Files: Not Your Usual Gays
- Facts About Changing Sexual Orientation
- Critique of Spitzer's "Ex-Gay" Study
Homosexuality in the Bible
- Interview with Dr. Reverend Cheri DiNovo
- What the Bible Says About Homosexuality
- Soulforce: What the Bible Says (.PDF)
- Sexual Orientation Is Not Mentioned In The Bible.
- Disproving The "Smashing Verses"
- Homosexuality and the Bible by Rev. Goss
Parenting
- APA Study on Children of Gay Couples
- Washington Post: Gay Parents Find More Acceptance
- WebMD: Same-Sex Parents Raise Well-Adjusted Kids
Gay Marriage
- Bidstrup.Com: Arguments Against Gay Marriage & Rebuttals
- Possibility of Gay Marriage in Early Christianity in Greek Macedonia
- Marriage Benefits Denied to Gays
- Gender, Transsexuality and Marriage (by Pandora Box)
- Gay Marriages in Early Christianity, Part Two
- History of Gay Marriage
- General Timeline on Gay Marriage
- The Gay Marriage Rebuttal List
- Marriage Rights and Benefits
- A Primer on Same-Sex Marriage, Civil Unions, Domestic Partnerships, and Defense of Marriage Acts
- Same-Sex Marriages and Civil Unions
"Homophobia Doesn't Exist Anymore"
- Homophobia and Its Cost to American Youth
- Laws, Studies, Polls, and (False) Arguments
- Those Things They Say About Gays: What The Accusations Are Based On and What the Underlying Reality Is
- Dr. Laura Slessinger
- Westboro Baptist Church's View on Gays
- Southern Voice Online: Refuge?
- DailyKos: Camp Hetero Horror
- Gay Teens Report High Rate of School Harassment
History of Gays/Lesbians
- History of Gay Rights in the UK
- History of Gay Rights in the US
- History of Gay Rights in Canada
- History of Gay Rights in the Republic of Ireland
- The Campaign for Homosexual Law Reform in Ireland
- General Timeline on Gay Rights
- History of Gay Marriage
- General Timeline on Gay Marriage
Miscellaneous
- Homosexuality and Child Molestation
- Terms & List of Famous GLBs
- Words, Symbols, and More
- Homosexuality is Not a Pathology (Relationships, Promiscuity, and More)
- Survival of genetic homosexual traits explained
Gay and Lesbian Parenting Studies
This bibliography compiled by Tony Quirke. Thanks, Tony!
---
"The Lesbian Mother," by Bernice Goodman [American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, Vol. 43 (1983), pp. 283-284]
Kirkpatrick, Martha et al; "Lesbian Mothers and Their Children: A Comparative Study," 51 American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 545 (1983)
"Homosexual Parents," by Brenda Maddox [Psychology Today, February, 1982, pp.66-69]
Riddle, Dorothy I.; "Relating to Children: Gays as Role Models," 34 Journal of Social Issues, 38-58 (1978)
"The Avowed Lesbian Mother and Her Right to Child Custody," by Marilyn Riley [San Diego Law Review, Vol. 12 (1975), p. 799]
Susoeff, Steve; "Assessing Children's Best Interests When a Parent is Gay or Lesbian: Toward a Rational Custody Standard," 32 UCLA Law Review
852, 896 (1985)
Gibbs, Elizabeth D.; "Psychosocial Development of Children Raised by Lesbian Mothers: A Review of Research," 8 Women & Therapy 65 (1988)
Green, Richard; "The Best Interests of the Child With a Lesbian Mother," 10 Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & Law 7 (1982)
Turner, Pauline et al; "Parenting in Gay and Lesbian Families," 1 Journal of Gay & Lesbian Psychotherapy 55, 57 (1990)
Golombok, Susan; "Children in Lesbian and Single-Parent Households: Psychosexual and Psychiatric Appraisal," 24 Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry 551 (1983)
Hoeffer, Beverly; "Children's Acquisition of Sex-Role Behavior in Lesbian-Mother Families," 51 American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 536 (1981)
Green, Richard; "Sexual Identity of 37 Children Raised by Homosexual or Transsexual Parents," 135 American Journal of Psychiatry 692 (1978)
Green, Richard; "Lesbian Mothers and Their Children: A Comparison with Solo Parent Heterosexual Mothers and their Children," 15 Archives of Sexual Behavior 167 (1986)
Gottman, Julie Schwartz; "Children of Gay and Lesbian Parents," 14 Marriage and Family Review 177 (1989)
Rees, Richard; "A Comparison of Children of Lesbian and Single Heterosexual Mothers on Three Measures of Socialization," 40 Dissertation Abstracts International 3418-B, 3419-B (1979)
Sterkel, Alisa; "Psychosocial Develpment of Children of Lesbian Mothers," Gay & Lesbian Parents 75, 81 (Frederick W. Bozett, ed., 1987)
Mucklow, Bonnie M., & Phelan, Gladys K.; "Lesbian and Traditional Mothers' Responses to Adult Response to Child Behavior and Self-Concept," 44 Psychological Report 880 (1979)
Whittlin, William A.; "Homosexuality and Child Custody: A Psychiatric Viewpoint," 21 Concilation Courts Review 77 (1983)
Herek, Gregory M.; "Myths About Sexual Orientation: A Lawyer's Guide to Social Science Research," 1 Law & Sexuality: A Review of Lesbian & Gay Legal Issues 133 (1991)
Cramer, David; "Gay Parents and Their Children: A Review of the Research and Practical Implications," 64 Journal of Counseling & Development 504 (1986)
Wismont, Judith M., & Reame, Nancy E.; "The Lesbian Childbearing Experience: Assessing Developmental Tasks, 21 Journal of Nursing Scholarship 137 (1989)
Meyer, Cheryl L.; "Legal, Psychological, and Medical Considerations in Lesbian Parenting," 2 Law & Sexuality: A Review of Lesbian & Gay Legal Issues 237 (1992)
"In the 'Best Interests of the Child' and the Lesbian Mother: A Proposal for Legislative Change in New York," 48 Albany Law Review 1021 (1984)
Harris & Turner, "Gay & Lesbian Parents," 12 Journal of Homosexuality 101 (1985-1986)
Kleber, Howell & Tibbits-Kleber, "The Impact of Parental Homosexuality in Child Custody Cases: A Review of the Literature," 14 Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & Law 81 (1986)
"The Avowed Lesbian Mother and Her Right to Child Custody: A Constitutional Challenge That Can No Longer Be Denied," 12 San Diego Law Review 799 (1975)
"Sexual Orientation and the Law" by the Editors of the Harvard Law Review (Harvard University Press, 1989)
Green, G. Dorsey, & Bozett, Frederick W., "Lesbian Mothers and Gay Fathers," in Homosexuality: Research Implications for Public Policy, ed. by Gonsiorek & Weinrich (Sage Publications, 1991)
Lewin, E., "Lesbianism and Motherhood: Implications for Child Custody," 40 Human Organization 6-14 (1981)
Ricketts, Wendell; "Lesbians and Gay Men as Foster Parents" (University of Southern Maine, 1992)
You can find many additional citations in this bibliography: "Lesbian Mothers and Their Children: Annotated Bibliography of Legal and Psychological Materials," by Donna J. Hitchens and Ann G. Thomas, editors [San Francisco Lesbian Rights Project]
These studies, reports, and articles all reach the same conclusion: Children raised by lesbians and gay men do not differ from children raised by heterosexuals "on measures of popularity, social adjustment, gender role behavior, gender identity, intelligence, self-concept, emotional problems, interest in marriage and parenting, locus of control, moral development, independence, ego functions, object relations, or self esteem." Additionally, no significant differences have been observed in regard to "teachers' and parents' evaluations of emotional and social behavior, fears, sleep disturbances, hyperactivity, and conduct differences." (Meyer, "Legal, Psychological, and Medical Considerations in Lesbian Parenting," 2 Law & Sexuality: Rev. Lesbian & Gay Legal Issues 239-240 [1992])
The same article goes on to note that a very few differences HAVE been reported by some researchers: One study found children raised by heterosexual mothers had a HIGHER rate of psychiatric disorders and psychiatric referrals than those raised by lesbians. Another study found that those raised by heterosexuals were more domineering and more often engaged in power struggles. Other studies found that children of lesbian parents showed greater tolerance for diversity and that daughters of lesbians chose to play with opposite sex partners more often than daughters of heterosexual mothers.
Citations showing that children of gay parents are no more likely to grow up gay:
Golombok, Spencer, & Rutter, Children in Lesbian and Single-Parent Households: Psychosexual and Psychiatric Appraisal, 24, J. Child Psychology and Psychiatry 551, 568 (1983)
Green, The Best Interests of a Child with a Lesbian Mother, 10 Bull. Am. Acad. Psychiatry and Law, 7, 13, (1982)
Green, Mandel, Hotveldt, Gray, & Smith, Lesbian Mothers and Their Children: A Comparison with Solo Parent Heterosexual Mothers and Their Children, 15 Archives Sexual Behav., 167, 181 (1986)
Kirkpatrick, Smith, and Roy, Lesbian Mothers and their Children: A Comparative Survey, 51 Am. J. Orthopsychiatry 545, 551 (1981)
Bozett, Children of Gay Fathers, in Gay and Lesbian Parents, F. Bozett ed. (1987)
all information gathered from various people on Gaiaonline or alt.politics.homosexuality. You guys rock.
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