Friends and Relations:
The Chaotix and Others
Knuckles has a good number of friends, some family that isn't mentioned, and a lot of allies. This is a brief summary of them.
The Chaotix:
Close friends & family:
Julie-su Archimedes Lara-le Wynmacher
Allies:
Constable Remington Sonic Tails Princess Sally Prince Elias
Espio is a chameleon, and his specialty is kicking butt and not being seen while doing it. He lives in the Rainbow Valley area of the Floating Island, and his home, like him, is very hard to find. Espio and Knux get along pretty well, even though the Guardian was leery about needing teamwork at the start of the series.
Ah, Mighty the armadillo, possibly the strongest resident of Mobius. When Knuckles went off in the 48-page special Sonic & Knuckles, he entrusted Mighty with the job of being temporary Guardian. Don't let the brute strength fool you, Mighty's pretty gentle around friends, although he has had to step in between Vector and Julie-su a couple of times to prevent a fight. He's also used his strength several times to get the whole group out of a jam, and is always happy to do it one more time.
Vector is a crocodile who thinks he's got all the moves to bag a lady, but seldom does so. He's always got a pair of headphones on, and when their volume is cranked to the max... well, even Vector doesn't want to think about the damage it'd do to his hearing after seeing them put out a forest fire. He is fiercely loyal to Knux and the rest of the Chaotix, but has always had a grudge against Julie-su. His personality can be a bit grating a times, but he's usually pretty good about apologizing.
Charmy is a fast-flying little bee that has a fierce sting. He's often just out of sight, and is really good at helping Espio during a fight. From what I can gather in the issues that I don't have, Charmy is a prince and his marriage was arranged long before he ever joined the Chaotix. Therefore, he is forced to depart the group, much to everyone's annoyance and frustration.

Part of the cover to the 48-page special Knuckles Chaotix
In order from left to right: Vector, Knuckles, Sonic, Espio, Mighty, and Charmy in the upper-right corner.
A former Dark Legionnaire, Julie-su shows her true colors when she betrays Kragok by helping the Chaotix. Her first appearance is in issue four of the series, when she gets the drop on both Vector and Knuckles. Even though Vector still hasn't forgiven her for this, Knuckles finds that he is increasingly attracted to her. However, Julie-su leaves the scene in the 48-page Sonic Super Special no. 11, when she finds out the truth about her past: that she is the half-sister to Kragok, and (though it's not discussed) a distant cousin of Knuckles.
Archimedes is Knux's fire-ant tutor. As all fire-ants are capable of doing, Archimedes (dubbed 'Archy' by Knux) can teleport and breathe fire. Archimedes has a telepathic link with Locke, Knuckles' father, and so can be warned of nearby danger and act accordingly. However, after Knuckles finds his way to Haven, this becomes more or less unnecessary. (NOTE: Archy is pronounced 'Ar-kee')
The lady Lara-le is none other than the Rad Red's own mother. When Echidnapolis is returned to the Floating Island, Knuckles reveals that he had always thought Lara-le to be dead, even though his father never actually said that. Lara-le and Locke had a dispute on how Knuckles was to be raised, and eventually split up as a result. She is currently engaged to Wynmacher.
Wynmacher, Lara-le's fiancée later in the series, is an elite member of echidna society. Wyn helps Knux when Lara-le and himself were taken hostage by the dingoes when Echidnapolis was returning to the Floating Island by tackling a couple of the guards. He has a genial personality and is very understanding of Knuckles. Don't ya love those all-around nice guys?
Constable Remington is a no-nonsense echidna in charge of the Echidnapolis Security Team (EST), and is very reluctant to refer to Knuckles by name, saying that "To address one's superior in so personal a manner would be most disrespectful." As the head of the EST, he is unable to participate in political matters, making it easy for the Dark Legion to get one of their own in the elections (as shown in issues 22-24). He is one of the few echidnas outside of Knux's family entrusted with the knowledge of Haven, and this gets him in trouble with Knuckles himself in issue 19 for withholding that information.
If you don't know about the Blue Blur, then you're WAY out of date! Sonic the hedgehog is a guy that pretty much lives life as it happens. When Sonic first met Knuckles, they had a few... disagreements and minor scuffles. But the fact is, Knux is considered Sonic's 'Friendly Nemesis,' and the two still have the occasional disagreement, but they can't fight each other when there's common enemy at hand (which there often is nowadays)
Miles Prower is an adolescent fox with an abnormality that sets him way apart from all the rest: his twin tails (hence his nickname). This feisty fox lived in the shadow of his best friend when he was younger, but now has a reputation all his own. He turned out to be the most valuable member of the group in the fight against Mammoth Mogul in Sonic issue 56.
Princess Sally was the leader of Mobius while her father, King Acorn, was trapped in the Zone of Silence for several years. She and Knuckles knew each other as children before King Acorn was exiled. Sally and her father traveled to the Floating Island during the summer, and although it was against the rules, Knux always met with Sally in secret. So when Sally comes to ask the Brotherhood for help and Knuckles is unable to really help in the discussions, the two are torn between duty and friendship.
Prince Elias is Sally's older brother, kept on the Floating Island for years until he was brought back by a reconnaissance team sent by King Acorn to bring back information on Queen Alicia. Elias was brought up by the Brotherhood itself, until he was old enough to be sent to the Mobian Embassy where he could be retrieved by the king when he would eventually have to send the recon team.