The key idea to this section is the overal process, whether good or bad, towards finding reason and the use of that reason towards understadning how the mind works. knowledge can be broken down ito three different kinds. First, there is Experience, which is knowledge we achieve through personal experience and through our five senses. Next, authority is the knowledge obtained by believing others and what the say. Lastly, reasn is the thought process in which we use waht we know to deduce a conclusion. Reason is an important aspect of our livves, as it is the basis for our intellectual growth through our own progression in our mind. Reason can be interrupted byb things like non sequitors, false/ vagye premises, ad hominem, begging the question, and red herrings. All of these erros stary from the proper use of the knowledge we are given and make us seem knowledge less when we talk to others. Five genuiely good practices to critical thinking are to know the facts, remember the principle of contradiction, define your terms, being intellectually humble, and looking at different perspectives. Aristotle goes onto describe our wants versus our needs in life, and that our needs consist of real godds like bodily goods (healt, etc.), external goods (food, home, etc.), and the goods of the soul ( fmaily friends, a sense of meaning, etc.).
2. List and explain three most important ideas:
a. The first main idea is the difference between theology and philosophy. Theology is " faith seeking understanding."(reading's book) Theology is an honest look at ones beliefs using reason and knowledge to come to an acceptable conclusion. We, in using theology, are not trying to give an explanation to every event becasue that would be impossible to do accuratly. In theology, we still try and keep the wonder and awe in God becasue like I said it would be impossible and it would be harmful to our appreciation of God. Philosophy literally is the lover of wisdom and they use reasoned knowledge and use speculation to try and answer the abstract questions in the human exsistence.
b. The second main idea is the process of knowing. The first aspect is perceivin. WE perceive by taking in data from our five senses and we use an objective or the subjective truth to look at reality. Second, is the fact that we categorize and sterotype people and information. These in return can lead to prejudicies which are most times inaccurate. Thrid, Evaluating consists of mystique that can change our perceptions, and finally we fall in the practice of letting other do our thinking for us, called herd need.. Fourth, symbolizing is making sure that we use clear words to make sure we express the true meaning of our thoughts. Lastly, testing makes us humble to th fatc that our conclusions that we draw could be wrong and thus we are very capable of errors.
c. The third main idea's come from Aristotle. Aristotle says there are three main aspects of moral virtue (including prudence as one). First, temperance is the control of our physical appetites. Next, Fortitude is the courage to be happy be having to sacrifice momentary values for long-term benefits. Lastly, Justice is the need to be fair and not hurt others.
3. Image: This image shows how ohters can help people to Aristotle's three real goods, boidly and external especially.
5. What should you try to do to make yourself a better person?
I think that I've learned how to incorporate reason into my faiht, and not to blindly follow knowledge from authority but instead put it together with my reason and experiemenal knowledge to form a stronger basis for my faith.