10-22-02
Period 3
Chapter 14 Outline
I. The Renaissance in Italy
A. What was the Renaissance?
1. The Renaissance was a period of time full of creativity and change in the areas of politics, economic, social, and culture.
2. The Renaissance period didn�t start stray far from its medieval past.
3. The Renaissance brought more attention towards learning and culture.
B. Italian Beginnings
1. The Renaissance reached Italy in the mid- 1300�s
2. Since the Renaissance was powered by the reawaking interests in the Ancient Roman culture Italy was a prime place for this to happen since Italy used to be the center of the Roman world.
3. Florence was a great city for the Renaissance. It was home to many great minds during the renaissance.
4. Patron- financial supporter.
C. Humanism
1. Humanism was an intellectual movement that was at the hart of the Italian Renaissance.
2. Humanist thought that education should be used to stimulate an individual�s creative mind.
3. Francesco Petrarch was an early renaissance humanist.
D. A Golden Age in the Arts
1. The renaissance hit its highest marks in the arts.
2. Perspective- artistic technique used to give drawings and paintings a three- dimensional effect.
3. Leonardo De Vinci was one of the most brilliant people of the renaissance era.
E. Writings for the New Age
1. Many poets, scholars, and artists mingled with the politicians of the Renaissance court.
2.
3.
II The Renaissance Moves North
F. Artists of the Northern Renaissance
1. The renaissance began in Northern Europe in the city of Flanders in the 1400�s.
2. Albrecht Durer is considered the German De Vinci.
3. Jan and Hubert van Eyck were two talented artists of Flanders.
G. Northern Humanists
1. Northern European humanists also stressed about how education was a revival of classical learning.
2. Desiderius Erasmus was a Dutch humanist, he used his vast knowledge of classical languages to create a Greek version of the New Testemate.
3.
H. Literature of the Northern Renaissance
1. A French humanist named Francois Rabelais had a lot of carriers as a Greek scholar, monk, physician, and author.
2. From 1590-1613 one of the renaissance greatest writers William Shakespeare wrote 37 plays.
3.
I. The Printing Revolution
1. The development of printing became big during the renaissance because of a big interest in literature.
2. In the 1500�s the printing press in Europe had turned out 20 million volumes.
3. The printing press made turning out books faster and more efficient.
III. The Protestant Reformation
J. Abuse in the Church
1. During the renaissance era many Popes were abusing their power which lead to many people calling for a reformation.
2. indulgence- a pardon from sins.
3.
K. Luther�s Protest
1. Martin Luther started a full scale revolt against the church in 1517 after nailing his 95 theses onto a church door.
2. His 95 theses was an argument against the churches indulgence.
3. recant- giving up ones views.
L. Spread of Lutheran Ideas
1. Northern Germany and Scandinavia took Luther�s ideas with open arms.
2. Peasants also accepted Luther�s ideas.
3. 1530�s and 1540�s emperor Charles V tried to make Lutheran princes back to the Catholic Church.
M. John Calvin
1. John Calvin also wanted to reform the church because of corruption.
2. predestination- the idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation.
3. theocracy- or government run by the church.
Section 4 Reformation ideas Spread
N. Radical Reformers
1. Hundreds of new Protestant sects sprung up as the reformation was going on.
2. Anabaptist sought for radical social changes and some went for the termination of private property.
3.
O. The English Reformation
1. English religious leader John Wycliffe called for church reformation in the 1300�s.
2. annul- cancel
3.
P. Imprisoned in the Tower
1. 1554 Marry finds out a plot against her and with no proof convicts Elizabeth and sends her to the Tower of London.
2. Elizabeth�s mother Anne Boylen died while in the tower.
3.
Q. The Catholic Reformation
1. After the Protestant Reformation the Catholic church began to start their own reformation.
2. The pope called upon the Council of Trent establish reformation.
3.
R. Widespread Persecution
1. during this time religious passion was high and intolerance between the Catholics and Protestants grew.
2. Which hunts also began.
3. ghetto- separate quarter of the city.
S. Looking ahead
1. The catholic and protestant church began religious wars in the mid- 1600�s.
Section 5 The Scientific Revolution
T. Changing Views of the World
1. 1500�s and 1600�s European scholars began to change their views on astronomy.
2. heliocentric- sun centered.
3.
U. Newton Ties it All Together
1. Newton created a theory on how the planets move.
2. gravity- a force that keeps the planets in their orbit around the sun.
3.
V. More Scientific advances
1. 1500�s and 1600�s many advances come out in chemistry and medicine.
2. Chemistry slowly detached itself from being considered magic.
3.