| Diabetes |
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| BACKGROUND INFORMATION: What is diabetes? -Chronic disease affecting all organs in the body -2 types (type 1 and type 2) -Body cannot use food properly -In a normal body the food is made into sugar in the stomach. The sugar is then sent to the cells to give us energy. The insulin made in the pancreas opens the cells and allows the sugar to enter. Without the insulin the sugar cannot enter the cells, which means no energy. People with diabetes don?t make enough insulin so the sugar made can?t reach the cells. TYPE 1: Caused by: -The destruction of insulin cells in the pancreas -Your body doesn?t have enough insulin Facts: -Type 1 is found in people younger than 35 years of age -The people are not overweight -The symptoms occur quickly -10% of people with diabetes have type 1 -You need to take an insulin shot or pill Symptoms: -Frequent urination -Increased thirst -Increased hunger -Rapid weight loss -Tired -Ketons in urine TYPE 2: Caused by: -Your body makes insulin but doesn?t know how to use it -Your body has too much insulin Facts: -Type 2 affects 15 million people in the USA -Found in people older than 40 years old -The people are over weight -The symptoms come on slowly -Can cause kidney, heart disease and blindness -People need to be put on a meal and exercise plan -90% of people with diabetes have type 2 Symptoms: -Blurred vision -Slow healing of cuts -Tingling in hands and feet -Reoccurring skin, mouth or bladder infections -Any of the type 1 symptoms HYPERGLYCEMIA (High Blood Sugar): Causes: -Too much food, or the wrong type -Little or no exercise -Too much medication or not enough -Too much stress -Infection or illness -Medication not used right by body -Menstruation Warning Signs: -Sleepiness -Increased appetite -Increased thirst -Increased urination -Blurred vision -Dry, itchy skin -Poor healing of wounds -Flu like aches/headaches Prevention: -Take medication -Follow meal and exercise plan -Keep life as stress free as possible -Take care of illnesses -Test blood sugar often HYPOGLYCEMIA (Low Blood Sugar): Causes: -Not eating enough food -Too much exercise without food -Too much medication -Side effects from another medication -Alcohol intake without food Warning Signs: -Sweating -Nausea -Blurred vision -Shakiness -Numb lips and tongue -Irritable -Passing out -Fainting -Cold -Clammy skin -Confusion -Nervousness -Weakness -Rapid heart beat Prevention: -Test blood sugar often -Eat meals Treatment: -Glucose gel or tablets= one packet or 2 to 3 tablets -Orange or apple juice =4-6 ounces -Non-diet soft drink =4-6 ounces -Honey = one tablespoon -Raisins =2 tablespoons -Hard candies=8 -Skim milk = one glass Other Information: -Support Groups: -They meet 4 or 5 times a year -They talk and discuss treatment -Other: -16 million Americans have diabetes -5.4 million don?t know it (undiagnosed) -A new cause is found every 40 seconds -One American dies from diabetes every 3 minutes -There is no cure for either type 1 or type 2 -Researchers predict that by 2025 over 300 million people will have diabetes |
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