Text Box: The direct instruction requires a highly structured learning environment and careful orchestration by the teacher. The tight structure does not mean it has to be authoritarian or uncaring. Text Box: Direct InstructionText Box: Direct Instruction takes place when the teacher outlines for the students exactly what is expected of them. The students are given the goal and then the steps to proceed through in order to reach that goal.Text Box: Direct Instruction is based on the psychological school of behaviorism. Behaviorism Psychological school emphasizing the importance of behavior and the external environment as a determinant of human behavior and learning. Text Box: 1. Setting clear goals for students and making sure they understand these goals. 2. Presenting a sequence of well-organized assignments. 3. Giving students clear, concise explanations and illustrations of the subject matter. 4. Asking frequent questions to see if the students understand the work. 5. Giving students frequent opportunities to practice what they have learned. (http://education.calumet.purdue.edu/vockell/cai/Cai3/cai3direct.htm)

 

Text Box: Three types of practices teachers can use with Direct Instruction: Distributed practice Practice assigned to students to be done for brief periods spread over several sessions or periods of time. Guided practice Practice assigned to students to be completed under the guidance or watchful eye of the teacher. Independent practice Practice given to students to accomplish on their own without the teacher's guidance. Text Box: Task analysis A process for breaking down complex learning tasks into fundamental parts or subdividing complex skills into specific sub-skills so they can be mastered one at a time.

Text Box: The use of practice should be guided by several principles: assigning short, meaningful amounts of practice; assigning practice to increase over-learning; and making appropriate use of massed and distributed practice.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Text Box: Districts in Which Staff and Faculty: • are concerned about the numbers of students that are failing, • desire to turn the situation around • are willing to take responsibility for student failure and success, and • are willing to change what they’re doing and how they’re doing it.... • retrieved from http://www.nifdi.org/ These are the types of conditions that call for the use of Direct Instruction.

 

 

Text Box: Advantages of DI Guarantees specific learning outcomes Uses time efficiently Easily measured Easy to implement/automate Retrieved from http://www2.gsu.edu/~mstswh/courses/it7360/learntheory/sld010.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Text Box: Disadvantages of DI Low Transfer Rate Problem solving skills not developed Irrelevant and unmotivating Disregards Cooperation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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