GENERAL RULES 

CHECKMATE 
There are 3 possible ways to escape check: 
(1)Capture the checking piece 
(2)Move the king to a safe square 
(3)Block the checking piece 
If none of these are possible, then it is checkmate and the game is over. 
RESIGNING 
If a player feels that loss is inevitable then he may `resign' the game. 
CASTLING 
Once per game a player may ove 1 rook and the king in a double move called castling. 
The king moves2 quares to the left or right and the closest king jumps over the king to the square next to it. 
You can only cstle if: 
(1)The king has not moved 
(2)he rook involved has not moved 
(3)The king is not moving out of, into, or through check.The rook involved may move through 
an attacked square. 
PROMOTION 
When a pawn reachs the last rank,it immediately converts to a queen,rookbishop or knight. 
There is no limit on the number of pieces, so it may be possible to have 2 queens, 3 knights etc. 
EN PASSANT 
This is a special capture of a pawn by a pawn and may only happen when a pawn 
moves 2 squares adjacent to an opponent pawn which is on the players 5th rank. 

DRAW
STALEMATE 
Stalemate is when the player to move has no possible moves, but is not in check. 
REPETITION 
When he same position with the same player to move happens 3 times, the game is drawn. 
The position does not have to be repeated on consecutive moves. 
PERPETUAL CHECK 
A series of checks which cause the position to be repeated three times 
and hence create a draw by repetition. 
50 MOVE RULE 
When 50 consecutive moves by both sides have been made without a pawn 
move or capture it is a draw. 
AGREEMENT 
After making a move a player may `offer a draw'. The opponent may 
accept the offer or refuse it.If he moves instead, then the offer is cancelled. 
MINIMUM MATERIAL 
If neither side has sufficient mating material then the game is drawn.