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Spoken living languages
ACHANG
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[ACN] 1,700 Maingtha in Myanmar (1983 estimate), and
many others. West of the Irrawaddy River in Katha District, near Banmauk.
Along the China border. Alternate
names: ANCHAN, CHUNG, ATSANG, ACANG, NGAC'ANG, NGACHANG, NGO CHANG, MÖNGHSA,
TAI SA'. Dialects: MAINGTHA. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Northern.
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AKHA
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[AKA] 200,000 in Myanmar (1991 UBS). Population total
all countries 450,000. Alternate
names: KAW, EKAW, KO, AKA, IKAW, AK'A, AHKA, KHAKO, KHA KO, KHAO KHA
KO, IKOR, AINI, YANI. Dialects:
AKO, ASONG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Southern, Akha, Hani,
Ha-Ya.
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ANAL
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[ANM] Also possibly in Bangladesh. Alternate names: NAMFAU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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ANU
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[ANL] 700. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Unclassified.
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ARAKANESE
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[MHV] 1,875,000 in Myanmar (1993 Johnstone).
Population total all countries 2,083,000. Alternate
names: MAGHI, MORMA, YAKAN, YAKHAING, RAKHAIN, MOGH, MAGH, MARMA,
MASH, RAKHINE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Southern.
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BLANG
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[BLR] 12,000 in Myanmar (1994). Eastern Shan State,
Mong Yang area, and Kengtung. Alternate
names: BULANG, PULANG, PULA, KAWA, K'ALA, PLANG, KONTOI. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Western
Palaungic, Waic, Bulang.
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BURMESE
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[BMS] 21,553,000 first language speakers (1986),
58.41% of the population. 3,000,000 second language speakers (1977
Voegelin and Voegelin). Population total all countries 32,000,000 (1999
WA). Alternate names: BAMA,
BAMACHAKA, MYEN. Dialects:
MERGUESE (MERGUI, BEIK), YAW, DANU (TARUW), BURMESE, PALAW. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Southern.
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CHAK
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[CKH] Population total both countries 910 or more. Classification:
Unclassified.
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CHAUNGTHA
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[CCQ] 121,700 (1983 estimate). Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish,
Southern.
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CHIN, ASHO
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[CSH] 10,000 in Myanmar (1991 UBS). Population total
both countries 11,500 or more. Alternate
names: QIN, ASHO, ASHU, SHOA, SHO, KHYANG, KYANG. Dialects: THAYETMYO (THAYETMO), MINBU, LEMYO, KHYANG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern, Sho.
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CHIN, BAWM
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[BGR] Falam area, Chin Hills. Alternate names: BAWM, BAWN, BAWNG, BOM. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin,
Central.
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CHIN, CHINBON
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[CNB] 19,600 (1983 estimate). Kanpetlet, Yaw,
Seidoutia, and Paletwa townships. Alternate
names: ÜTBÜ, CHINDWIN CHIN, SHO, CHINBON. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern, Sho.
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CHIN, DAAI
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[DAO] 30,000 (1994 UBS). Matupi, Paletwa, Kanpetiet
townships. Alternate names:
DAAI, DAI, M'KAANG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern.
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CHIN, FALAM
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[HBH] 100,000 in Myanmar (1991 UBS), including 9,000
Tashon, 16,000 Zanniat, 7,000 Khualshim, 4,000 Lente, 14,400 Zahao 18,600
in Laizao (1983 estimate). Population total all countries 125,370 or more.
Alternate names: HALLAM CHIN,
HALAM, FALLAM, FALAM. Dialects:
ZANNIAT, TASHON (TASHOM, SHUNKLA, SUNKHLA), LAIZO (LAISO, LAIZAO,
LAIZO-SHIMHRIN), ZAHAO (ZAHAU, YAHOW, ZAHAU-SHIMHRIN, LYEN-LYEM),
KHUALSHIM (KWELSHIN), LENTE (LYENTE), CHOREI. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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CHIN, HAKA
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[CNH] 100,000 in Myanmar (1991 UBS), including 2,000
Zokhua, 60,100 Lai (1983 estimate). Population total all countries
445,000. Alternate names: HAKA,
HAKHA, BAUNGSHE. Dialects: LAI,
KLANGKLANG (THLANTLANG), ZOKHUA, SHONSHE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Central.
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CHIN, KHUMI
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[CKM] 76,700 in Myanmar (1983 estimate) including
40,000 Matu Chin (1990 UBS). Population total all countries 78,000 or
more. Alternate names: KHUMI,
KHAMI, KHWEYMI, KHIMI, KHUNI. Dialects:
KHIMI, MATU (MARU, DAI-PATU), YINDI (YINDU), KHAMI, NGALA. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern, Khumi.
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CHIN, KHUMI AWA
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[CKA] Arakan Hills, coast areas. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga,
Kuki-Chin, Southern, Khumi.
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CHIN, MARA
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[MRH] 20,000 in Myanmar (1994 IMA). Lushai Hills. Alternate
names: MARA, LAKHER, ZAO, MARAM, MIRA. Dialects:
TLONGSAI, HLAWTHAI, SABEU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern.
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CHIN, MRO
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[CMR] 100,000 to 200,000 in Myanmar (1999).
Population total both countries 100,000 to 200,000. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin.
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CHIN, MÜN
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[MWQ] 30,000 (1991 UBS, 1990 E. Hang). Chin Hills,
western. Alternate names: MÜN,
NG'MEN, CHO, YAWDWIN, MINDAT, 'CHINBOK'. Dialects:
NITU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern.
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CHIN, NGAWN
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[CNW] 15,000 (1984). Chin Hills, Falam area. Alternate
names: NGAWN, NGORN, NGON. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Central.
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CHIN, PAITE
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[PCK] 8,900 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Tiddim
District, Chin Hills. Alternate
names: PAITE, PAITHE, OARTE, HAINTE, VUITE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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CHIN, SENTHANG
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[SEZ] 18,200 (1983 estimate). Haka, Chin Hills. Alternate
names: SENTHANG, HSEMTANG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Central.
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CHIN, SIYIN
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[CSY] 10,000 (1991 UBS). Chin Hills. Alternate names: SIYIN, SIYANG, SIZANG. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga,
Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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CHIN, TAWR
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[TCP] 700 (D. Van Bik). Falam, Haka, Chin Hills. Alternate
names: TAWR, TORR. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Central.
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CHIN, TEDIM
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[CTD] 189,100 in Myanmar (1990 BAP). Population total
both countries 344,100. Alternate
names: TEDIM, TIDDIM. Dialects:
SOKTE, KAMHAU (KAMHOW, KAMHAO). Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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CHIN, THADO
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[TCZ] 26,200 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Alternate
names: THADOU, THADO-UBIPHEI, THADO-PAO, KUKI, KUKI-THADO. Dialects: BAITE, CHANGSEN, JANGSHEN, KAOKEEP, KHONGZAI, KIPGEN,
LANGIUNG, SAIRANG, THANGNGEN, HAWKIP. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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CHIN, ZOTUNG
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[CZT] 40,000 (1990 UBS). Chin Hills, Haka area. Alternate
names: ZOTUNG, BANJOGI, BANDZHOGI. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Central.
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CHITTAGONIAN
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[CIT] Arakan state. Dialects:
ROHINGA (AKYAB). Classification:
Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Eastern zone, Bengali-Assamese.
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DANAU
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[DNU] 10,000 (1984). Alternate
names: DANAW. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Eastern
Palaungic, Danau.
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GANGTE
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[GNB] Alternate
names: GANTE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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HANI
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[HNI] 180,000 in Myanmar (1994). North Shan State.
None in Thailand. Alternate names:
HANHI, HAW. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Southern, Akha, Hani,
Ha-Ya.
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HMONG NJUA
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[BLU] 10,000 in Myanmar (1987 Haiv Hmoob). Alternate
names: BLUE MEO, GREEN MIAO, TAK MEO, HMONG NJWA, HMONG LENG. Classification:
Hmong-Mien, Hmongic, Chuanqiandian.
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HPON
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[HPO] 1,700 (1983 estimate). Alternate names: HPÖN, PHUN, PHÖN, PHON, MEGYAW, SAMONG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Northern.
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HRANGKHOL
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[HRA] Population total both countries 18,000 or more
(1997). Alternate names:
RANGKHOL. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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INTHA
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[INT] 141,100 (1983 estimate). Near Inle Lake in the
southern Shan State. Alternate
names: INNTHA. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Southern.
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JINGPHO
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[CGP] 625,000 in Myanmar (1993 Johnstone). Population
total both countries 645,000. Alternate
names: KACHIN, JINGHPAW, CHINGPAW, CHINGP'O, MARIP. Dialects: HKAKU HKA-HKU, KAURI (HKAURI, GAURI), DZILI (JILI),
DULONG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo, Jingpho-Luish, Jingpho.
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KADO
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[KDV] 128,500 in Myanmar including 90,300 Kado,
38,200 Ganaan (1983 estimate). Population total all countries 228,500 or
more. Alternate names: KADU,
KATU, KATO, KUDO, ASAK, SAK, GADU, THET, THAT, MAWTEIK, PUTEIK, WONI. Dialects:
KADU, GANAAN (GANAN), ANDRO, SENGMAI, CHAKPA, PHAYENG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo, Jingpho-Luish, Luish.
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KAREN, BREK
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[KVL] 16,600 (1983 estimate). 2,600,000 in all Karen
languages in Myanmar. Southwestern Kayah State. Alternate names: BREK, BREC, BRE, PRAMANO, PRE, LAKU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Brek.
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KAREN, BWE
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[BWE] 15,700 (1983 estimate). Kyèbogyi area of Kayah
State. A few in Thailand. Alternate
names: BGHAI KAREN, BAGHI, BWE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Bghai, Unclassified.
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KAREN, GEBA
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[KVQ] 40,100 (1983 estimate). Northern Kayah State
and southern Shan State. Alternate
names: GEBA, KABA, KARENBYU, KAYINBYU, WHITE KAREN, EASTERN BWE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Bghai, Western.
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KAREN, GEKO
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[GHK] 9,500 (1983 estimate). Yamethin, Toungoo
Districts, Mobyè State of the southern Shan States. Alternate
names: GEK'O, GHEKO, GEKHO, GHEKHOL, GHEKHU, KEKU, KEKHONG, KEKAUNGDU,
GAIKHO, PADAUNG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Bghai, Unclassified.
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KAREN, LAHTA
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[KVT] Southern Shan State. Alternate names: LAHTA, TARU, TARULAKHI, KHAHTA, PEU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Bghai, Eastern.
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KAREN, MANUMANAW
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[KXF] 3,000 or more (1965). Western Kyèbogyi part of
Kayah State. Alternate names:
MANUMANAW, MONU, MANÖ. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Kayah.
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KAREN, PA'O
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[BLK] 560,000 in Myanmar (1983). Population total
both countries 560,600. Alternate
names: NORTHERN TAUNGTHU, BLACK KAREN, PA-U, PA'O, PA OH, PA-O. Dialects: SOUTHERN PA'O, NORTHERN PA'O. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Pa'o.
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KAREN, PADAUNG
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[PDU] 40,900 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Population
total both countries 41,000. Alternate
names: PADAUNG, KAYANG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Bghai, Eastern.
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KAREN, PAKU
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[KPP] 5,300 (1983 estimate). Southern hills east of
Taungoo in Kayah State. Alternate
names: PAKU, PAGU, MONNEPWA, MONEBWA, MOPWA, MOPHA, MOPAGA, MOGPHA,
MOGWA, THALWEPWE. Dialects:
BILICHI, DERMUHA. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Sgaw.
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KAREN, PWO EASTERN
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[KJP] 1,000,000 in Myanmar (1998). Population total
both countries 1,050,000. Alternate
names: PHLOU, MOULMEIN PWO KAREN. Dialects:
PA'AN (MOULMEIN, INLAND PWO EASTERN KAREN), KAWKAREIK (EASTERN BORDER PWO
KAREN), TAVOY (SOUTHERN PWO KAREN). Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Pwo.
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KAREN, PWO WESTERN
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[PWO] 210,000. Irrawaddy Delta. Alternate names: MUTHEIT, DELTA PWO KAREN, BASSEIN PWO KAREN,
PHLONG SHO. Dialects: BASSEIN,
TUAN TET, MAUBIN. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Pwo.
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KAREN, S'GAW
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[KSW] 1,284,700 in Myanmar (1983 estimate).
Population total both countries 2,000,000 (1990 UBS). Alternate names: S'GAW, S'GAU, S'GAW KAYIN, KANYAW, PAGANYAW,
PWAKANYAW, WHITE KAREN, BURMESE KAREN, YANG KHAO, PCHCKNYA, KYETHO. Dialects:
PANAPU, PALAKHI (PALACHI). Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Sgaw.
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KAREN, YINBAW
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[KVU] 7,300 (1983 estimate). Shan Plateau of eastern
Shan State. Alternate names:
YINBAW, YEINBAW. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Kayah.
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KAREN, YINTALE
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[KVY] Bawlakhè part of Kayah State. Alternate names: YINTALE, YINTALET, YANGATALET, YANGTADAI, TALIAK.
Classification: Sino-Tibetan,
Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Kayah.
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KAREN, ZAYEIN
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[KXK] 9,300 (1983 estimate). Between the towns of
Mobyè and Phekon in the southern Shan State. Alternate
names: ZAYEIN, KHAUNGTOU, GAUNGTOU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Unclassified.
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KAYAH, EASTERN
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[EKY] Population total both countries 77,900. Alternate
names: RED KAREN, KARENNI, KAYAY, KAYAH. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Kayah.
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KAYAH, WESTERN
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[KYU] 210,000 (1987). Kayah and Karen states, west of
the Pong River. Alternate names:
KAYAH LI, KARENNI, KARENNYI, RED KAREN, YANG DAENG, KARIENG DAENG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Kayah.
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KHAMTI
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[KHT] Population total both countries 70,000 (1990 A.
Diller ANU). Alternate names:
HKAMTI, KHAMPTI, KHAMTI SHAN, KHAMPTI SHAN, KHANDI SHAN, KAM TI, TAI KAM
TI, TAI-KHAMTI. Dialects: ASSAM
KHAMTI, NORTH BURMA KHAMTI, SINKALING HKAMTI. Classification:
Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai, Southwestern, East Central,
Northwest.
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KHMU
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[KJG] Alternate
names: KMHMU, KHMU', KAMU, KAMMU, KHAMUK, KAMHMU, KHOMU, MOU, POUTENG,
PU THENH, TENH, THENG, LAO TERNG. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Khmuic, Mal-Khmu', Khmu.'
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KHÜN
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[KKH] Population total both countries 100,000 (1990
A. Diller ANU). Alternate names:
HKUN, KHUN SHAN, KHYN, GON SHAN, TAI KHUN, KHUEN, TAI-KHUEN. Classification: Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai,
Southwestern, East Central, Northwest.
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KIORR
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[XKO] Alternate
names: SAAMTAAV, CON, COL. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Western
Palaungic, Angkuic.
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LAHU
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[LAH] 125,000 in Myanmar (1993 Johnstone). Shan
State, Kentung area. Alternate
names: LOHEI, LAHUNA, LAUNA, MUSEU, MUSSUH, MUHSO, MUSSO. Dialects: NA (BLACK LAHU, MUSSER DAM, NORTHERN LAHU, LOHEIRN), NYI
(RED LAHU, SOUTHERN LAHU, MUSSEH DAENG, LUHISHI, LUHUSHI), SHEHLEH. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Southern, Akha, Lahu.
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LAHU SHI
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[KDS] 10,000 in Myanmar (1998). Kentung District. Alternate
names: KUTSUNG, KUCONG, YELLOW LAHU, SHI, KUI, KWI. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Southern, Akha, Lahu.
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LAMA
|
[LAY] 3,000 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Nungish.
|
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LAOPANG
|
[LBG] Alternate
names: LAOPA. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Unclassified.
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LASHI
|
[LSI] 55,500 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Population
total both countries 55,500 or more. Alternate
names: LASI, LETSI, LECHI, LEQI, LASHI-MARU, CHASHAN, LACHIKWAW,
AC'YE, LACID. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Northern.
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LISU
|
[LIS] 126,000 in Myanmar (1987 estimate). Around
Lashio, in Wa State, around Myitkyina and Bhamo, around Putar towards
Assam border, around Loilem area in Shan States. Alternate
names: LISAW, LI-SHAW, LI-HSAW, LU-TZU, SOUTHERN LISU, YAO YEN,
YAW-YEN, YAW YIN, YEH-JEH, CENTRAL LISU. Dialects:
HWA LISU (FLOWERY LISU), WHITE LISU, LU SHI LISU. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Burmese-Lolo, Lolo,
Northern, Lisu.
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LOPI
|
[LOV] Possibly also in China. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese,
Loloish, Unclassified.
|
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LÜ
|
[KHB] 200,000 in Myanmar (1981). Kengtung District. Alternate
names: PAI-I, SHU-AI-I, LUE, TAI LU. Classification:
Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai, Southwestern, East Central,
Northwest.
|
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LUI
|
[LBA] Small. Alternate
names: LOI. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Unclassified.
|
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LUSHAI
|
[LSH] 12,500 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Western
Myanmar. Alternate names:
HUALNGO, WHELNGO, LE, LUSHEI, LUSAI. Dialects:
DULIEN, NGENTE, MIZO. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Central.
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MAHEI
|
[MJA] 12,000. Alternate
names: MAHE, MABE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Southern, Akha.
|
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MARU
|
[MHX] 103,600 in Myanmar (1983 census). Population
total both countries 103,600 or more. Alternate
names: MATU, MALU, LAWNG, LAUNGWAW, LAUNGAW, LANSU, LANG, MULU, DISO,
ZI, LHAO VO. Dialects: DAGO'
LAWNG BIT, ZAGARAN MRAN, GAWAN NAW', HLO'LAN, LAKING, WA KHAWK, LAWNG HSU.
Classification: Sino-Tibetan,
Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Northern.
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MEITEI
|
[MNR] 6,000 in Myanmar (1931). Alternate names: MEITHEI, MEITHE, MITHE, MITEI, MEITEIRON,
MANIPURI, MENIPURI, KATHE, KATHI, PONNA. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Meithei.
|
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MOKEN
|
[MWT] 7,000 in Myanmar (1993 Johnstone). Population
total both countries 7,000 or more. Alternate
names: MAWKEN, BASING, SELUNG, SELONG, SALONG, SALON, CHAU KO'. Dialects:
DUNG, JA-IT, L'BE. Classification:
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Western Malayo-Polynesian, Sundic,
Malayic, Moklen.
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MON
|
[MNW] 835,100 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Population
total both countries 900,000 to 935,000. Alternate
names: TALAING, MUN, PEGUAN. Dialects:
MATABAN-MOULMEIN (CENTRAL MON, MON TE), PEGU (NORTHERN MON, MON TANG), YE
(SOUTHERN MON, MON NYA). Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Monic.
|
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MRU
|
[MRO] 20,000 in Myanmar (1999 ABWE). Arakan Hills and
adjacent area. Alternate names:
MRO, MURUNG, NIOPRENG, MRUNG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Mru.
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NAGA, KHIAMNIUNGAN
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[NKY] Northwestern. Alternate
names: KHIAMNGAN, KHIAMNIUNGAN, KALYOKENGNYU, MAKWARE, NOKAW, PARA,
PONYO, WELAM. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo, Konyak-Bodo-Garo,
Konyak.
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NAGA, TASE
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[NST] Northwestern Myanmar. Alternate names: TASE, TASEY, CHAM CHANG, TANGSA, RANGPAN. Dialects:
GASHAN, HKALUK, SANGCHE, SAUKRANG, LANGSHIN, MAWRANG, MYIMU, SANGTAI,
TULIM, LONGRI. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo, Konyak-Bodo-Garo,
Konyak.
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NORRA
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[NOR] 10,000 (1951). Myanmar-Tibet border. Alternate
names: NORA, NOZA, NURRA. Dialects:
NORA, BYABE, KIZOLO. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Nungish.
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NUNG
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[NUN] North Myanmar. Salween (Nu) River. Alternate
names: ANUNG, ANOONG, ANU, NU, LU, LUTZU, LUTZE, KIUTZE, KHANUNG,
KWINP'ANG, KHUPANG, KWINGSANG, FUCH'YE. Dialects:
CHOLO, GWAZA, MIKO. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Nungish.
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PALAUNG, PALE
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[PCE] 190,000 to 290,000 in Myanmar. Population total
all countries 200,000 to 300,000. Alternate
names: DI-ANG, NGWE PALAUNG, SILVER PALAUNG, PALE, PALAY. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Eastern
Palaungic, Palaung.
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PALAUNG, RUMAI
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[RBB] 137,000 in Myanmar. Population total both
countries 139,000 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). Alternate
names: RUMAI. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Eastern
Palaungic, Palaung.
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PALAUNG, SHWE
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[SWE] 148,000 in Myanmar (1982). Population total
both countries 150,000 (1982). Alternate
names: TA-ANG PALAUNG, GOLDEN PALAUNG, SHWE. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer,
Palaungic, Eastern Palaungic, Palaung.
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PALU
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[PBZ] Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Unclassified.
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PANKHU
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[PKH] Falam area, Chin Hills. Alternate names: PANKHO, PANKO, PANGKHU. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga,
Kuki-Chin, Central.
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PARAUK
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[PRK] 348,400 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Population
total both countries 528,400. Alternate
names: WA, PRAOK, PHALOK, BARAOG. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Western
Palaungic, Waic, Wa.
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PURUM
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[PUB] 300 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). Alternate
names: PURAM. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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PYEN
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[PYY] 800 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). East central, 2
enclaves very near the Laos border, near the Kha River. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese,
Loloish, Southern, Phunoi.
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RALTE
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[RAL] 16,830 in Myanmar. Population total both
countries 17,000 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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RAWANG
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[RAW] Population total both countries 100,000 or more
(1980 Seindang Sakram). Alternate
names: NUNG RAWANG, GANUNG-RAWANG, HKANUNG, NUNG, KRANGKU, TARON,
KIUTZE, CH'OPA, CHIUTSE. Dialects:
RAWANG, AGU, HPUNGSI, HTISELWANG, MATWANLY, MUTWANG, SERHTA, SERWANG,
WADAMKONG, WAHKE, TARON, TANGSARR, LONGMI (LUNGMI), ZITHUNG, KUNLANG. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Nungish.
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RIANG
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[RIL] 20,000 in Myanmar (1955). Population total both
countries 23,000 or more. Alternate
names: BLACK KAREN, YANGLAM, BLACK YANG, RIANG-LANG, YIN, YANG, LIANG
SEK, YANG WAN KUN. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Eastern
Palaungic, Riang.
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SAMTAO
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[STU] Population total both countries 100 or more. Alternate
names: SAMTAU, SAMTUAN. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Western
Palaungic, Angkuic.
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SANSU
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[SCA] Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Loloish, Southern, Akha, Hani.
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SHAN
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[SJN] 2,920,000 in Myanmar (1993 Johnstone), 6% of
the population (1986). Population total all countries 3,000,000 (1999 WA).
350,000 Tai Mao (1990 A. Diller ANU). Alternate
names: SHA, TAI SHAN, SAM, THAI YAI, TAI YAI, GREAT THAI, TAI LUANG,
'NGIO', 'NGIOW', 'NGIAW', 'NGIAO', 'NGEO'. Dialects: KOKANT SHAN, TAI MAO (MAO, MAW, MAU, TAI LONG, NORTHERN
SHAN). Classification:
Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai, Southwestern, East Central,
Northwest.
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TAI LOI
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[TLQ] Population total both countries 1,500 (1981
Wurm and Hattori). Alternate names:
LOI, TAILOI, WAKUT, MONGLWE. Dialects:
TAI LOI, DOI. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Western
Palaungic, Angkuic.
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TAI NÜA
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[TDD] 72,400 in Myanmar (1983 estimate). Also
possibly in northern Viet Nam. Alternate
names: TAI NEUA, CHINESE SHAN, TAI KONG. Classification:
Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai, Southwestern, East Central,
Northwest.
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TAMAN
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[TCL] 10,000. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo, Jingpho-Luish, Jingpho.
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TAUNGYO
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[TCO] 443,400 (1983 estimate). Vicinity of Taunggyi,
Shan State southward to Tavoy, Tenasserim State. Alternate names: TARU, TAVOYA, TAVOYAN, DAWE, DAWAI, TAWE-TAVOY,
TORU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Southern.
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TAVOYAN
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[TVN] Southeast. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Southern.
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VO
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[WBM] 558,000 in Myanmar (1993 Johnstone). Population
total both countries 618,000. Alternate
names: WA, K'AWA, KAWA, VA, WA PWI, WAKUT. Dialects: WA LON, WU, KENTUNG WA, SON, EN, LA. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Western
Palaungic, Waic, Wa.
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WELAUNG
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[WEL] Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern.
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WEWAW
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[WEA] Toungoo District. Alternate names: WEWAU. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karen, Sgaw-Bghai, Sgaw.
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YANGBYE
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[YBD] 810,300 (1983 estimate). Alternate names: YANBE, YANGYE, YANBYE. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese,
Burmish, Southern.
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YINCHIA
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[YIN] 4,000 (1974 Hackett). Shan State south. Alternate
names: STRIPED KAREN, YINNET, BLACK RIANG, RANEI. Classification:
Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Northern Mon-Khmer, Palaungic, Eastern
Palaungic, Riang.
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YOS
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[YOS] 3,400 (1983 estimate). Alternate names: YO, YOTE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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ZAIWA
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[ATB] 30,000 in Myanmar (1997). Kachin State, Sedan,
Kentung. Alternate names:
TSAIWA, ATSI, ATSHI, ATZI, AZI, ACI. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Northern.
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ZOME
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[ZOM] 30,000 in Myanmar. Population total both
countries 46,400. Alternate names:
ZORNI, ZOMI, ZOU, ZO, KUKI CHIN. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern.
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ZYPHE
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[ZYP] Population total both countries 20,000 (1994
IMA). Alternate names: ZOPHEI. Dialects:
LOWER ZYPHE, UPPER ZYPHE. Classification:
Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Southern.
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