Spoken living languages

ADAP

[ADP] South central, between Damphu and Shemgang, Ada village, Wangdue Phodrang District. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

BROKKAT

[BRO] 300 (1993 Van Driem). Dur in central Bumthang District. Alternate names: BROKSKAD. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

BROKPAKE

[SGT] 5,000 including 2,000 in and around Mera, 3,000 in and around Sagteng (1993 Van Driem). Sakteng Valley east of Trashigang District. Alternate names: MIRA SAGTENGPA, DAKPA, BROKPA, DAP, MERA SAGTENGPA, SAGTENGPA, MERAGSAGSTENGKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

BUMTHANGKHA

[KJZ] 30,000 (1993 Van Driem). Central. Bumthang and in the whole of central Bhutan. Mangdikha is in Mangdi District around Tongsa. Tsamangkha is on the east northeast border of Kurto. Salabekha is in the Yangtse District and Tawang and southeast Tibet. Alternate names: BUMTANP, BUMTHAPKHA, BUMTANG, KEBUMTAMP, BHUMTAM, BUMTHANG, BUMTANGKHA. Dialects: URA, TANG, CHOGOR, CHUNMAT. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

CHALIKHA

[TGF] 1,000 (1993 Van Driem). In and around Chali area, Shongar District, east Bhutan, north of Monggar. Alternate names: CHALI, TSHALI, CHALIPKHA, TSHALINGPA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

CHOCANGACAKHA

[CHK] 20,000 (1993 Van Driem). East of Dzongkha, in lower areas of Monggar District, Tsamang and Tsakaling villages, and Lhuntsi District, Kurmet village. Alternate names: MAPHEKHA, RTSAMANGPA'IKHA, TSAGKAGLINGPA'IKHA, KURSMADKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

DAKPAKHA

[DKA] 1,000 (1993 Van Driem). Near Brokpake. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

DZALAKHA

[DZL] 15,000 (1993 Van Driem). Northeastern in Lhüntsi, Kurto District. Alternate names: DZALAMAT, YANGTSEBIKHA. Dialects: KHOMAKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Unclassified.

DZONGKHA

[DZO] 160,000 (1993 Van Driem). Population total both countries 160,000 or more. Alternate names: DRUKKE, DRUKHA, DUKPA, BHUTANESE, JONKHA, BHOTIA OF BHUTAN, BHOTIA OF DUKPA, ZONGKHAR, RDZONGKHA. Dialects: WANG-THE (THIMPHU-PUNAKHA), HA, NORTHERN THIMPHU. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

GONGDUK

[GOE] 2,000 (1993 Van Driem). Alternate names: GONGDUBIKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan.
 

KHENGKHA

[XKF] 40,000 (1993 Van Driem). Central, Kheng, near Bumthangkha. Alternate names: KHENKHA, KHEN, KENG, KEN. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

KURTOKHA

[XKZ] 10,000 (1993 Van Driem). Northeastern, especially in Kurto. The dialect around Tangmachu is more divergent. Alternate names: GURTÜ, KURTOPAKHA, KÜRTHÖPKA, KURTEOPKHA, KURTHOPKHA, KURTOBIKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

LAKHA

[LKH] 8,000 (1993 Van Driem). Alternate names: TSHANGKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

LAYAKHA

[LYA] Northern Punakha District, around Laya. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

LEPCHA

[LEP] 2,000 in Bhutan (1993 Van Driem). Lower valleys in the west and south. Alternate names: LAPCHE, RONG, RONGKE, RONGPA, NÜNPA. Dialects: ILAMMU, TAMSANGMU, RENGJONGMU. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Lepcha.
 

LHOKPU

[LHP] 2,500 (1993 Van Driem). Between Samtsi and Phuntsoling. Alternate names: LHOBIKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan.
 

LUNANAKHA

[LUK] 700 (1998). North, northeastern quadrant of Punakha Dzongkhak District, community of Lunana, on the Pho Chhu River north from Punakha, on the right fork about half way up the valley. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Southern.
 

NEPALI

[NEP] 156,000 in Bhutan (1993 Van Driem). In the foothills the entire length of Bhutan, especially south central. Alternate names: NEPALESE, GORKHALI, GURKHALI, KHASKURA, PARBATIYA, EASTERN PAHARI. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Northern zone, Eastern Pahari.
 

NUPBIKHA

[NUB] Around Trongsa town. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

NYENKHA

[NEH] 10,000 (1993 Van Driem). Sephu Geo. The Black River passes below their villages. Alternate names: HENKHA, LAP, MANGSDEKHA. Dialects: PHOBJIKHA, CHUTOBIKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

OLEKHA

[OLE] 1,000 (1993 Van Driem). The 2 dialects have the Black Mountains between them, central Bhutan. Alternate names: MONPA, OLE MÖNPA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Eastern.
 

TIBETAN

[TIC] 4,000 in Bhutan (1996). Alternate names: BHOKHA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Central.
 

TSEKU

[TSK] Alternate names: TSUKU, TSUKU, TZUKU. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Tibetan, Central.
 

TSHANGLA

[TSJ] 138,000 in Bhutan (1993 Van Driem). Population total all countries 145,000. Alternate names: SANGLA, SHARCHAGPAKHA, SARCHAPKKHA, SHACHOPKHA, SHACHOBIIKHA, TSANGLA, MENBA, MONPA. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Himalayish, Tibeto-Kanauri, Tibetic, Bodish, Tshangla.