Plot and Settings: 

Scene 1
Edmund’s betrayal towards his brother

Scene 2
Kent being put in the stocks for attacking Oswald

Scene 3
Edgar disguising himself as a poor madman.

Scene 4
Lear being shut out by 2 of his daughters right before a storm.

Dramatic Conflict: 

Scene 1
External conflict - between Edmund, Gloucester and Edgar.
 - This conflict is like a parallel to the conflict between Lear and his daughters.
 - The natural order is changed; Edmund becomes the new heir to the throne

Scene 4
External conflict - Regan, Goneril, Lear
 - The knights, Regan and Goneril not wanting him to have any followers
 - Casted Lear out right before a storm, this is when the two sister’s true intentions were shown for the first time.

Internal conflict - Lear
 - loss of authority, he even goes as far as to kiss up Regan at one point.

Characters:

Edmund: A villain. He betrays his family, namely his brother Edgar, to become the next heir to the throne.

Gloucester: In the same situation as Lear, he is also blind about the betrayal of his son Edmund.

Fool: He does not live up to his name. In the play, he is possibly the wisest. He manages to convince the king of what is right. (Scene 4)

Edgar: he is gullible and too trusting when he gets tricked by his brother Edmund
(Scene 1)

In Scene 3 it shows Edgar isn’t a complete fool (Scene 3)

Language:

Scene 1
Regan: "What, did my father's godson seek your life?
He whom my father named, your Edgar?" (scene 1 line 107)

Regan uses the betrayal as an opportunity to lash out on Lear and his knights, because Edgar is his godson.

Scene 2
Kent: "Fortune, good night; smile once more; turn thy wheel!" (scene 2 line 188)

Fortune was considered to be like a wheel, changing from good to bad then back again. Kent, being at the bottom of the wheel, hopes his fortune continues its upward trend after hearing of his possible release.

Scene 3
Edgar: I heard myself proclaimed;
And by the happy hollow of a tree
escaped the hunt. No port is free; no place
That guard, and most unusual vigilance
Does not attend my taking. Whiles I may 'scape
I will preserve myself; and am bethought
To take the basest and most poorest shape
That ever penury, in contempt of man
Brought near to beast."(Scene 3 line 1)

Edgar gave up his identity and became the lowest form of a human.

Scene 4

“worse than murder." (Scene 4 line 26)

When Lear sees Kent in the stocks, and finds out Cornwall and Regan put him there, Lear gets angry at both of them.
Regan then tells the king that he should return to Goneril.
Lear then tells Goneril, who cut his knights in half, that he can live without her because he still has Regan.
But Regan also wasn’t siding with Lear. The two sisters, said they don't think their father needs any knights at all.
Lear then pities himself, saying he is a poor old man as full of grief as age.