A. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects the gastrointestinal tract (intestines) anywhere between mouth and the anus (where you poo from), but is most commonly found in the last part of the small intestine (the ileum) and the colon (beginning of the large intestine). It was first recognized as a distinct entity only several decades ago. The disease is most often discovered in people between the ages of 12 and 30 years, although it may occur much later, and is slightly more common in men than women. The cause of Crohn's disease is largely unknown but the theory of a genetic predisposition to the disease is widely held, as it tends to run in the family. It is also more common among Jewish people. Crohn's disease is related to another disease called ulcerative colitis, and it may sometimes be difficult to distinguish the two.
Symptoms of Crohn's disease are diffuse, and not necessarily specific
for the disease.
Crohn's disease can also cause several symptoms outside of the
gastrointestinal tract:
When Crohn's disease is suspected due to the above symptoms, several tests may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. This includes a complete physical examination by your family doc and some blood tests. A barium study (an X-ray of the abdomen after a dye is put inside, either by swallowing it or by enema) may be necessary. Often it is necessary to look directly at the inside of the intestines via a colonoscope (up the bum).
Treatment of Crohn's disease involves treating the symptoms of pain
and diarrhea. Unfortunately, there is no known cure for the disease.
In most cases Crohn's disease is a life-long illness, which may go years without symptoms or be characterized by frequent relapses.
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