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RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS |
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distal (type I) RTA: |
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1° [familial; autosomal dominant] |
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2° : |
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renal disease: |
pyelonephritis medullary sponge kidney hydronephrosis sickle cell disease transplanted kidney obstructive uropathy |
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immunological: |
chronic active hepatitis 1° biliary cirrhosis Sjögren's syndrome systemic lupus erythematosus |
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drugs: |
lithium amphotericin |
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other/miscellaneous: |
amyloidosis sarcoidosis hyperglobulinaemia cryoglobulins hypercalcaemia (hypervitaminosis D, hyperparathyroidism) |
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proximal (type II) RTA: |
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1° [familial; sporadic] |
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2° : |
renal disease: |
nephrotic syndrome transplanted kidney |
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drugs: |
tetracyclines acetazolamide L-lysine ifosfamide |
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other/ miscellaneous: |
amyloidosis cystinosis and tyrosinosis |
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heavy metal poisoning: |
cadmium lead mercury copper (Wilson's disease) |
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type IV RTA: |
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diabetes mellitus other causes of glomerulosclerosis advanced CRF with tubulo-interstitial disease |
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