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HOARSENESS |
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vocal cord trauma: |
intubation surgery |
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infections: |
laryngitis epiglottitis tracheitis croup |
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neurological disease: |
demyelinating diseases motor neurone disease parkinsonism |
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endocrine problems: |
puberty menopause hypothyroidism |
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other: |
allergic rhinitis vocal cord polyps laryngeal webs laryngeal cysts voice strain / overuse |
irritants, eg. tobacco smoketumours of vocal cords (primary or metastatic)muscle disease, eg. myotoniapsychogenic |
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