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DRUG-INDUCED RENAL DISEASE |
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ACUTE: |
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proximal tubular necrosis: |
aminoglycosides tetracyclines cephalosporins iodinated contrast media |
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acute ischaemic renal failure: |
anti-hypertensives opiates |
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acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis [usually immune-mediated]: |
penicillins (esp. methicillin) sulphonamides allopurinol phenylbutazone rifampicin phenindione thiazides cimetidine |
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hypersensitivity vasculitis (affecting renal arterioles) |
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DIC with renal involvement (eg. with OCP) |
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CHRONIC: |
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analgesic nephropathy [chronic TIN ± papillary necrosis ± carcinoma of renal pelvis]: |
phenacetin (commonest) aspirin and NSAIDs |
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glomerulonephritis [usually presenting as nephrotic syndrome]: |
penicillamine gold captopril |
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disturbed tubular function: |
amphotericin [distal RTA and potassium loss] lithium, tricyclics [nephrogenic diabetes insipidus] |
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obstructive uropathy: |
retroperitoneal fibrosis: |
practolol methysergide |
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uric acid stones: |
chemotherapy of myeloproliferative diseases |
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