ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME

(SHOCK LUNG, DIFFUSE ALVEOLAR DAMAGE, NON-CARDIOGENIC PULMONARY OEDEMA)

infection:

Gram negative septicaemia

severe / diffuse pneumonia

trauma:

lung contusion

non-thoracic trauma

inhaled irritants:

oxygen toxicity

smoke (particulate matter)

irritant gases (ammonia, chlorine, sulphur & nitrogen oxides)

aspiration of liquids:

gastric juice

kerosene

near-drowning

drug overdose or sensitivity:

heroin, methadone

salicylates

paraquat

barbiturates

bleomycin

thiazides

haematological disorders:

disseminated intravascular coagulation

thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura / haemolytic-uraemic syndrome

multiple blood transfusions

metabolic disorders:

pancreatitis

uraemia

miscellaneous:

shock (any cause)

cardiopulmonary bypass

eclampsia

embolism (amniotic fluid, fat, air)

high altitude

raised intracranial pressure

radiation pneumonitis

following thoracocentesis (>1.5l)

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