Submitted
by Chu Ho Cheung, Dominic
经过Chu提交嗬Cheung,多米尼克
INTRODUCTION
介绍
“We have companies
growing at a rate of 1% a day. The Internet is growing at a rate of
3% a day. If you can’t make money in this business, then you
might as well go pick oranges.”
我们有公司在一白天1%的速度方面成长.因特网在一白天3%的速度方面成长.如果你不能作在这生意中钱,然后你不妨挑选柑橘不错.
David Wetherell,
Chairman and CEO of CMGI. (Quittner. J., 1999)
戴维Wetherell,Chairman和CMGI的首席执行官.Quittner.J.,1999
This is a quotation of a
college textbook seller-turned-internet startups incubator whose
company is now worth US$3 billion. Well, is it really so easy to
make profits in doing business over the Net? While traditional
elements like products, time, cost, people remain as the critical
factors for both “dot-com” and brick-and-mortar companies
to succeed, one other factor is taking the center-stage of a
knowledge-based economy – information. Without timely and
useful information, companies failing to respond promptly to market
dynamics in the 21st century will find their market share
eroding over time. This is especially true in view of major
economic powers moving towards e-commerce as the next model of
conducting business.
这个一本大学教科书的行情是现在公司是US$3十亿值钱的销售员翻转因特网开始孵化器.好,作在关于网做生意方面盈利是确实非常容易的吗?在传统原理喜欢产品,时间,成本的同时,人们是关键因素停留在两方面同样地"小点com"和砖和臼公司取得成功,一个另一因素上中心一知识库经济-信息的台演讲.没有及时和有用信息,公司将发现他们的市场份在时间的时间中遭受侵蚀,未能在第21世纪中迅速对市场力学反应良好.这个考虑到主要经济上的力量特别是真实的,向电子作为进行事情的下一个模范贸易移动.
The question here is how
to acquire the relevant information at the right time, whether
companies deploy staff dedicated to perform that or rely on
specialized information agencies to feed them. In either case, they
need a strategic monitoring information service to keep track of the
rapid developments. This will eventually help formulate sound
business strategies.
不管公司部署举行工作人员的揭幕式履行那个或者指望专门信息代理机构喂他们与否,这里问题是的方法在正确时刻,获得有关情报.随便哪种情况,他们需要一战略上监控信息发球继续了解快捷发展.这个将最终帮助制定健康生意对策.
Singapore aims to be a
regional e-commerce hub. With advanced infrastructures in place, it
seems that everyone is ready to jump on the bandwagon. Unless a
company depends solely on luck, it should never undermine the
importance of monitoring the rapid developments of the e-commerce
battlefield.
新加坡打算是一地区电子贸易毂.它似乎是随着放回原位先进基础,每人是准备好支持稳操胜券的候选人.除非一个公司仅有指望运气,它不应该损坏监视电子贸易战场的快捷发展的重要性.
SCOPE AND
OBJECTIVES
范围和目标
This report discusses how
to set up a strategic monitoring information service to keep track of
the development of e-commerce in Singapore.
这份报告讨论怎样建立一战略上监控信息发球在新加坡中继续了解电子贸易的发展.
The objectives of the
service are clear and straightforward:
发球的目标是清楚和直接:
The emphasis is on
identifying various information sources and how to organize them to
provide additional value to the users. The author has focused on
using electronic sources since e-commerce is closely related to
computing and internet technologies with high presence on the Web and
online databases.
强调是在辨认出各种各样信息来源上和怎样组织他们向用户提供附加价值.自电子贸易是紧密在网和联机数据库上高存在地把和计算和因特网技术联系起来以来,作者已关注使用电子来源.
The report starts off with
definitions of e-commerce, followed by its current development in
Singapore. Next, the potentials of the information service will be
discussed. Sections are dedicated to gathering the different
information sources and categorizing them by aspects and industry to
fit in the two levels of services to be delivered. Taking all the
resource requirements into consideration, a SWOT (Strength, Weakness,
Opportunities, Threats) analysis is used to conclude on the
feasibility of setting up the service.
以电子贸易的定义开始经过它的在新加坡中当前发展随着报告到来.下一步,信息发球的潜力将被讨论.方面和工业把部分献给加强不同信息来源和将他们分类在发球的两水平中适合被送交.采取变为考虑所有的资源要求,一努力学习(力量,虚弱,机会,威胁)使用分析有关建立发球的可行性结束
DEFINITIONS
定义
What is
e-commerce (EC)?
电子商务(EC)是什么?
Looking up from a computer
and internet dictionary, e-commerce, or electronic commerce is
defined as commercial activities that take place by means of
connected computers. Electronic commerce can occur between a user
and a vendor through an online information service on the Internet,
or a BBS, or between vendor and customer computers through electronic
data interchange (EDI) (Anonymous, 1997). The
focus is on buying and selling of goods and services over the Web and
the Internet, electronic fund transfer, smart cards, digital cash
(e.g. Mondex), and all other ways of doing business over digital
networks.
从一电脑和因特网字典改善,把电子商务或者电子商务定义为利用连接电脑发生的商业活动.电子商务能在通过一在因特网或者一BBS上联机信息发球或者在通过电子数据交换(EDI)销售商和顾客电脑之间一个用户和一个销售商之间发生(匿名1997).焦点是在买入货物和发球的在网和因特网,电子基金转移,智能卡,数字的现金(例如Mondex)和所有的其他的的上方关于数字的网络做生意的方式和出售上.
A broader definition
extends it to any exchange of economic value using internet
technology and computer network. This cover all inter-company and
intra-company functions (such as marketing, finance, manufacturing,
selling and negotiations) that enable commerce using e-mail, file
transfer, fax, video-conferencing, workflow or interactions with a
remote computer. (Howe, D., 1999)
一更宽广定义向任何以经济上的价值交换表示它使用因特网技术和电脑网络.这封面完全埋葬例如营销,财政,出售制造业和有助于贸易的谈判公司和intra公司功能使用电子邮件,文件转移,传真机,图像conferencing,工作流或者有一台遥远电脑的相互作用.(Howe,D.,1999)
e-commerce
business models
电子贸易商务模范
There are many ways to
describe the e-commerce business models. The following shows a few
dimensions using different parameters: (Emigh, J. 1999)
有很多描绘电子贸易生意模范的方式.下列的显示几维使用不同参数:Emigh,J.1999
By type of market
按照类型的市场
This model divides the
business by the nature of the parties involved.
这个模范用涉及聚会的本质除生意.
This
refers to transactions between companies and consumers like
traditional retail business that serves the general public. A
premier example is Amazon who claims to offer the biggest collections
of books in the world.
这个请参阅在像服务一般大众大众的传统零售生意公司和消费者之间交易.一首位例子是亚马孙河,其声称给予在世界上书中最大收集的.
In this
model, the customers are companies involving in transactions of
greater amounts as compared to individuals in B2C. One example is
Cisco who reaps billions of annual revenue through selling with
business partners to enterprises on-line.
在这个模范身上,顾客是公司涉及在与在B2C中个体相比大数额的交易中.一例子是加拿大白蛙,其通过和去企业生意伙伴联机出售获得几十亿年度收入的.
This
category is best demonstrated by an auction site where buyers compete
to bid at the price that the seller is willing to take. The most
popular example is eBay.
购买者竞争在销售员对是的价格愿意的故意出高价保留拿的地方,这范畴最好被一拍卖地点证明.最流行例子是eBay.
By type of ‘products’
按照类型的'产品'
This model breaks the
business by the nature of products and services.
这个模范按照产品和发球的本质破坏行业.
It is
almost anything one can visualize – books, music, videos, toys,
electronics, computers, health-care and beauty products, greeting
cards, wines, pizzas, specialty foods, and even big-check items like
cars.
它几乎是一能想象出的任何事情-像小汽车书,音乐,图像,玩具,电子学,电脑,保健和美产品,贺卡,葡萄酒,比萨饼,专长食物和甚至大障碍项目.
Examples
are articles, chats, TV/radio program schedules and company-related
information.
例子是文章,闲聊,电视/广播节目明细表和公司相关信息
Traditional
services are auctions, product recommendations, ordering, delivery
and post-sales support. Innovative ones are like Internet recipe
exchange service, Kodak photo services and Northern Light search
service.
传统发球是拍卖,产品推荐,管理,投递和post-sales支持.革新的那些是就象因特网秘诀交流发球,Kodak照片的发球和北方光搜查发球.
By geography
按照地理
This refers to the
geographical distribution of customers that the business can reach.
这个请参阅地理把生意能达到的顾客分配.
3Cs (Communities,
Contents, Commerce)
3Cs(社区,目录,贸易)
This model is used by
Lycos, an Internet portal company, specialized in building
communities on which traditional business usually fall short.
被Lycos,一个因特网肝门的公司使用在哪一个传统生意通常未达到的基础上建立社区方面使这个模范专门化.
Communities –
built through elements like message boards and chat sessions.
通过像信息布告栏和闲聊开会原理建立社会.
Contents – the
information conveyed over the Web like news stories and stock
quotes.
目录-信息在像新闻报道和股票行情网的上方传送.
Commerce – when
consumers or businesses pay money to purchase physical goods,
information or services that are posted or advertised online.
当消费者或者生意付钱购买张贴联机被或者为登广告物理货物,信息或者发球的时候,交往.
E-COMMERCE IN
SINGAPORE
电子在新加坡中贸易
Singapore Government has a
vision in building a world-class national information infrastructure
and uses e-commerce to improve its competitiveness. In the last few
years, National Computer Board (NCB) has spearheaded several
electronic commerce initiatives aimed at enabling and accelerating
the take-up of e-commerce, which have resulted in a comprehensive
e-commerce infrastructure that can be leveraged to conduct business
online.
新加坡政府在建立一世界第一流国家信息基础方面有一视力和使用电子贸易改进它的竞争.在最近很少一点年,国家电脑板(NCB)已做把几电子商务主动性对准有助于电子贸易的拿起和加速的先锋其已结果是一能被利用联机进行事情的全面电子贸易基础.
The following sections
elaborate on the three categories of elements composing the
infrastructure:
下列的部分详细说明组成基础原理的三范畴:
(http://infobase.s-one.net.sg
)
(http://infobase.s-one.net)
1)
Conducive e-commerce environment
1有助的电子贸易环境
This refers to the
guidelines and frameworks to foster a conducive environment for
e-commerce, which include:
这个请参阅为电子贸易帮助发展一有助的环境包含的指南和框架:
a) Legal and Regulatory
Framework
一法律上和管理的框架
A national Electronic
Commerce (EC) Policy Committee commissioned by NCB, comprising of 15
government bodies and chaired by Monetary Authority of Singapore
(MAS), has completed an EC Policy Framework that provides guiding
principles and specific policy recommendations and initiatives to
accelerate the e-commerce take-up. This framework sets out the
policy objectives of the Government to work with the private sectors
to ensure the same legal protections as traditional business are
enforced. The following are a few highlights.
一国家电子商务(EC)政策委员会已完成一EC政策框架,经过NCB委任15个政府躯体的构成和按照新加坡(妈)的货币权威主持,其提供当向导原理和特有政策推荐和主动性加速电子贸易拿起的.这框架出去让政府的政策目标开动起来随着私营部分保证同样的是传统生意法律上保护是实施.下列的是几高潮.
E-Commerce Business
Policy Helpdesk - set up by the government for businesses seeking
clarifications on related policies and regulations and provides
companies planning to establish on-line businesses with timely
information.
电子贸易生意政策Helpdesk为寻找有关相关政策和规则澄清的职责政府设置的和提供计划和及时信息建立联机生意公司.
Electronic Transactions
Act (ETA) 1998 - enacted and came into force in July 98 as part
of the Government’s commitment to e-commerce. It provides a
legal foundation for electronic transactions, and gives
predictability and certainty to the electronic formation of
contracts.
电子交易装出(希腊的第七个字母)1998的样子-扮演在98年7月作为政府的对电子贸易的承诺的一部分和开始生效.它提供一为电子交易法律上基础和给合同的电子组成可预言和确定.
Controller of
Certification Authorities (CCAs) - invoked by ETA as a voluntary
licensing scheme for certification authorities (CAs) which lay down
the administrative framework for licensing by the Controller of CAs
and regulations on the criteria for a CA in Singapore to be licensed,
and continuing operational requirements based on their financial
standing, operational policies and procedures, and track record.
按照是一自愿颁发许可证证明当局(CAs)的计划希腊的第七个字母祈求保佑,其规定行政框架在新加坡中经过CAs的审计员颁发许可证和有关对一CA的标准规则是,把给发许可证和持续不断的操作上的要求建立在他们的财政地位,操作上的政策和过程和成功的记录的基础上的证明当局(CCAs)的审计员.
Moreover, the Government
also participates in international treaties and agreements like Berne
Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, World
Trade Organization’s (WTO) Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual
Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), and task forces in World
Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to address issues on
intellectual property rights related to e-commerce.
此外,政府也参加像伯尔尼大会国际条约和协议保护在世界知识产权组织(WIPO)中知识产权权利(旅行协议)和特别工作组的文学上和艺术工作,世界贸易组织的(WTO)Trade-相关方面对付有关和e-贸易有关知识产权权利问题
b) Standards
b标准
A set of open,
industry-led, technical standards has been established here. These
include network protocols, security, e-mail, and directories etc.
that facilitate interconnection and interoperability of businesses
over networks.
一套开放,工业在前面,技术标准这里已是确立.这些包含网络礼仪,安全,关于网络便于生意的互相连接和可由双方共同操作的电子邮件和人名地址录等等.
c) Incentive Schemes
c刺激搞阴谋
Singapore has instituted a
number of investment and tax incentives for online businesses to help
organizations venturing into e-commerce to manage the costs and risks
of their initiatives.
新加坡为联机帮助冒险进入电子贸易组织管理他们的主动性的成本和风险的职责已建立许多投资和税刺激.
2)
Infrastructure services
2基础发球
There are four major segment
of services that build up the infrastructure:
那里是四主要段增强基础的发球:
a) Network services
一网络服务
These services provide the
networks that link online businesses. Currently, they are provided
by Internet Service Providers (Pacific Internet, SingNet, CyberWay)
and the Singapore ONE broadband network access providers (SingTel’s
Magix and Singapore Cable Vision’s Cable Modem Service).
Foreign giants like UUNET, Cable&Wireless targeted at enterprises
customers are also coming in for a share soon and this will
eventually raise the services standards.
这些发球提供连接联机生意的网络.现时,他们被因特网发球提供者(太平洋的因特网,SingNet,CyberWay)提供和新加坡一宽频带网络访问提供者(SingTel的Magix和新加坡Cable视力的缆绳调制解调器发球).Cable&Wireless把像UUNET外国巨人对准企业顾客也不久将要因一份受到和这个将最终提高发球标准.
b) Directory services
b目录服务
These are the online
'yellow pages' that allow customers to search for information or web
sites based on various search criteria. There are general-purpose
web-search engines like Yahoo! and Excite and others for more content
specific needs like the National Contact Information Service (NCIS),
which provides contact information of people and organizations in
Singapore.
这些是联机电话簿的黄色分类部分,其允许顾客寻找基于各种各样搜索标准信息或者网站的.像雅虎有多用途的网搜索引擎!和引起和为更多其他的使像提供接触信息的国家接触信息发球(NCIS)特有需要在新加坡中人们和组织满意.
c) Security services
c保安部门
These services provide
secure identification and secure communication over the Internet.
Commonly used commercial tools are Netscape Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
and Microsoft CryptoAPI. As part of NCB’s Infrastructure for
Electronic Identification (IEI) initiative, Netrust Pte Ltd. Becomes
the first CA that enables parties to verify the identity of
individuals and organizations over an electronic network using
digital certificates and digital signatures.
这些发球在因特网的上方为安全确认和安全通讯.通常使用商业工具是Netscape安全接口层(SSL)和微软CryptoAPI.是部分NCB的基础为电子确认(IEI)主动性,NetrustPte有限公司成为第一CA,其使聚会能关于一电子网络证明个体和组织的身份使用数字的证书和数字的签名的.
d) Payment services
d付款发球
Security is one of the
main concerns on transactions over the Net. There are various
available mechanisms:
安全是有关交易主要对网的关切之一.有各种各样可用机械装置:
NETS
Financial Electronic Data Interchange (FEDI) is similar to
inter-bank GIRO for sending payment and collection instructions
electronically.
网财政电子数据交换(FEDI)是相似因为电子地寄送付款和收集指示埋葬堆积银行直接转帐制度.
NETS
Network CashCard (C-ONE) enables the consumer to make low-value
electronic purchases on the Internet with a stored-value smart card.
网网络CashCard(C一)使消费者能用一张储藏价值智能卡买低价值电子在因特网上东西.
Secure
Electronic Transactions (SET) is a protocol developed by Visa and
MasterCard to support secure credit card payments.
安全电子交易(装置)是一由威世信用卡和MasterCard开发的支持安全信用卡付款礼仪.
Commerce
Toolkit is an alternative to SET that allows transmission of
credit card instructions between online merchants and banks.
贸易Toolkit是一个向装置可能的选择,其在联机商人和银行之间允许传送信用卡指示的.
3)
Commerce solutions providers
3个贸易解决方案提供者
Not all companies have the
resources and capability to integrate pieces of technologies to
implement their own e-commerce systems and hence organizations called
Commerce solutions providers (CSP) come into the picture offering
complete end-to-end solutions. The two main categories of services
are:
并非所有公司有开放篇技术执行他们的自己电子贸易制度资源和才能要和因此认为组织是贸易解决方案提供者(CSP)进入图片给予完整结束末端解决方案.发球的二主要范畴是:
a)
Business to Consumer Services –
create and host electronic commerce web sites for merchants who sell
directly to individuals. Examples include NCS SelfServe and AsiaOne
Commerce.
一向消费者发球生意为直接向个体出售的商人建立和主持电子商务网站.例子包括NCSSelfServe和AsiaOne商业.
b) Business to Business
Services – provide services for electronic commerce between
businesses. There are many such providers serving various business
communities in Singapore, including TradeNet and Singapore Telecom’s
Enterprise Messaging Services and Citibank Commerce.
向生意发球b生意为在生意之间电子商务提供服务.有为在新加坡中各种各样工商界服务很多这样提供者包含TradeNet和新加坡Telecom的企业通报发球和花旗银行贸易.
Market
Outlook
市场前景
Recent surveys conducted
by Department of Statistics shows B2B EC in 1998 is S$1.2B and
projected to reach S$1.4B in 1999. B2C EC jumps from S$931K in 1997
to S$29M in 1998, and is expected to triple to S$83M in 1999.
Another important finding is that 91% of top 1000 enterprises here
have access to internet.
经过在1998年统计展览B2BEC的部门进行最近调查是S$1.2B和突出在1999年达到S$1.4B.B2CEC在1997年在1998年从S$931K跳到S$29M和被预期向S$83M在1999年增加两倍.另一重要发现是这里最好的1000企业的91%可以使用因特网.
Another annual IT survey
on one-third of 1000 companies in 8 local industry sectors by NCB
shows only 9% are currently engaged in EC, but the other 28% are
interested in doing so in the next six months. The rest of 63% are
SME, or Small and Medium Enterprises , shown to be unsure and the
least interested. (Anonymous, 1999)
另一在1000分之三分之一的在经过NCB8本地工业部分中公司上年度信息技术调查展示仅9%现时从事EC,在下一六个月中但是其它28%是对做那样有兴趣.是SME或者中小企业显示其余的63%是缺乏信心的最和最不有利害关系.(匿名1999)
IT Research firms like
GartnerGroup forecasts that Asia-Pacific B2B EC market will reach
US$8B in 1998 and explode to US$280B by 2003 (Veloo, P., 1999).
信息技术研究公司向US$280B经过2003(Veloo,P.,1999)喜欢亚洲太平洋的B2BEC市场将在1998年达到US$8B和爆炸GartnerGroup预报.
Singapore's commitment is
demonstrated by the five main thrusts of e-commerce Masterplan:
(Prabhu, A., 1999).
新加坡的承诺被电子贸易Masterplan的五主要刺证明:(Prabhu,A.,1999).
To develop an
internationally linked E-commerce infrastructure
生长一国际地连接E贸易基础是
To jump-start
Singapore as an E-commerce hub
跳作为一电子贸易毂开始新加坡
To encourage
businesses to use E-commerce strategically
促进在战略上使用电子贸易商务
To promote usage of
E-commerce by the public and businesses
经过公众和商务促进电子贸易的使用
To harmonize cross
border E-commerce laws and policies
横跨地和谐和电子贸易法律和政策接界
With other initiatives
like Local Enterprise Computerization Program (E-Commerce), also
known as LECP(EC) helping companies(especially SME) adopt EC
solutions through grants on 50% of EC project and capped at S$20,000,
the EC market is set to take off in any time. (Anonymous, 1999)
随着像本地企业计算机的使用程序其它主动性(也作为LECPEC知道电子商务)有帮助公司(特别是SME)采用通过在50%上津贴ECEC计划溶液和在S$20,000结束EC市场准备好在任何时间中起飞.(匿名1999)
POTENTIALS
FOR A MONITORING INFORMATION SERVICE
一监控信息服务的潜力
Before considering a new
service, the author attempts to locate similar services available in
the market and get to the following findings:
在考虑一新发球之前,作者尝试找到在市场中可用相似发球和到下列的发现:
Big
consulting firms looks at regions rather than a single country
大量地一起商议稳固看而不是一单一的国家外省区
Given the EC market in
Singapore is still nurturing as compared to U.S., most big consulting
firms dedicate most of the resources to U.S. Market. Even for
resesarches conducted in Asia, they are usually across multiple
countries rather than focusing Singapore alone. There is a need for
a monitoring services tailored to local companies based on the local
EC infrastructure.
给出EC新加坡的市场是仍然与美国相比,养育,最大量地征求公司的意见把资源的绝大部分献给美国市场.甚至对于resesarches在亚洲中进行,他们通常是跨过而不是聚焦单独新加坡多重国家.有一需求一监视发球对把本地公司建立在本地EC基础的基础上裁制.
Cost of
services
发球的成本
While there are lots of
free information released from big consulting and research firms
websites, specific research or consulting service requests can be
costly and may not be affordable to every company.
在那里是许多从大一起商议和研究公司websites中释放自由信息的同时,特有研究或者一起商议发球请求对每一个公司能是代价大和可以不是买得起的.
Information
overload
信息超载
There is too much new
information about e-commerce everywhere, everyday. It is not
possible for companies to digest and keep track of the rapid changes
in this area without compromising substantial time and business
resources.
有过多的新关于电子每天每一处贸易的信息.它是并非公司消化不危害实质性时间和生意资源和继续了解快捷这个区域的改变可能.
TARGET
CUSTOMERS
目标顾客
The information service
will be targeted at the following user groups:
信息发球将被把对准下列的用户团体:
Management
Executives who intended to exploit the power of
e-commerce to improve business performance. They need the
information that leads to business acumen in formulating strategies
to battle with their competitors.
打算利用改进生意表现的力量来的管理经理的电子贸易.他们需要信息,其导致在制定对策和他们的竞争者战斗方面业务才干的.
Business
and IT managers who are responsible for deploying and
running EC projects in their companies or delivering to their
customers. They need to find the best solutions in the market with
high return of investment.
是对部署和运作EC和他们一道计划或者把送给他们的顾客负责的生意和信息技术经理.他们需要在市场中随着投资的高回报寻找好解决的方法.
Application
Developers who architect, design and develop EC
solutions. They need to keep track of the current information
technologies standards in order to deliver solutions of a reasonable
useful lifespan.
设计,设计和发展EC解决方案的应用开发者.为了送交一合乎情理有用寿命溶液,他们需要继续了解当前信息技术标准.
Startups
Technopreneurs are newcomers who want to start small
and grow fast. They embark on the use of e-commerce to enable quick
response to markets and bring them to a level-play with big
competitors in the same fields.
开始Technopreneurs是想要吃了一惊小和快长大的新手.他们启动电子贸易的有助于去市场迅速回复和在同样的田野中大竞争者和使他们进入一冷静玩耍使用.
LOCATING
INFORMATION SOURCES
找到信息来源
As mentioned in earlier sections, information related to
e-commerce can come from almost everywhere. In order to get a wide
and deep coverage, the author inspects three types of sources,
namely, primary, secondary and tertiary. The author uses phrases
like Singapore strategic monitoring information service e-commerce
on meta-search engines like MegaSpider and Copernic to locate the
relevant websites. Attempts are made with different combinations of
the individual keywords and their variations in the phrase on other
general-purpose search engines like Hotbot, Yahoo and Excite but more
irrelevant results are produced.
如同在更早期部分中提到和电子贸易有关信息能从几乎每一处来那样.为了得到一宽阔和深覆盖范围,作者就是检查三类型的来源最重要,次要和第三的.像新加坡战略上监控信息作者使用短语保养电子在像MegaSpider和Copernicmeta搜索引擎上贸易找到有关websites.在其它多用途的搜索引擎上短语中个人关键词和他们的变化的不同结合地做出尝试相似Hotbot,雅虎和引起但是更没有关系结果被产生.
After successive failed
attempts in using the web search engines to locate relevant
information, the author turns to his favorite Net news sites like
CNET (http://cnet.com),
TechWeb (http://techweb.com)
and Internet.com (http://asia.internet.com)
and find sections or news focused on e-commerce. Typically, CNET
has localized contents (http://singapore.cnet.com)
hosted by Tricast where the author has found quite a number of useful
news articles on e-commerce developments in Singapore. Using a
chaining approach, the author visits the embedded hyperlinks and uses
web directories to locate the websites of organizations or government
bodies referenced in these articles. Next, the author uses local
general news sites like Channel News Asia
(http://channelnewsasia.com),
which allow users to conduct searches on their archives, where news
reports on the NCB and Department of Statistics IT surveys are
located.
在使用网搜索机械找到有关信息方面连续未能尝试以后,就象CNET(http://cnet.com),TechWeb(http://techweb.com)和Internet.com(http://asia.internet.com)和发现部分或者新闻关注电子贸易,作者求助于他的最喜欢网新闻地点.典型,CNET已使目录(http://singapore.cnet.com)局部化,经过Tricast主持其作者已发现相当多数的有用新闻有关在新加坡中电子贸易发展的文章.使用一束缚靠近,作者访问把嵌入超链接和使用万维网目录找到在这些文章中推荐组织或者政府躯体的websites.下一步,作者用像渠道新闻亚洲(http://channelnewsasia.co)本地普遍新闻地方,其允许用户进行在他们的档案馆上检查其新闻关于NCB的报告和统计信息技术调查的部门被找到的.
Besides, online databases
subscribed by NTU like EIU, Reuters Business Briefings and
Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe are used to locate information specific
to EC in Singapore. While the focus is in using electronic sources,
the author has also come across hardcopy magazines specialized in EC
in Asia, which provide references to related websites.
此外,使用经过NTU像EIU在联机数据库上签名,路透社生意情况介绍和词汇Nexis学术上宇宙在新加坡中找到向EC信息为特定目标的东西.在焦点是在使用电子来源方面的同时,作者也已碰到在EC中在亚洲中使提供参考相关websites的硬拷贝杂志专门化.
Informal sources are found
to be most difficult to tap into. The author receives some hints
from the lecturer and has attempted to contact an informal workgroup
for information by email, only to receive feedback that the suggested
service is an interesting idea. However, one key member of the
group has volunteered to keep an eye on the topic and invite the
author to join their community. The author thinks that serves a
good starting point for professional networking for people as
information sources regardless of whether the information service is
to be setup.
发现非正式来源是最困难变为轻拍.作者按照仅受到建议发球是的反馈电子邮件从讲师处获得一些暗示和已尝试为信息和一非正式workgroup联系一有趣的观念.但是,组的一个重要成员已自愿留心题目和邀请作者加入他们的社区.作者认为那个为人们不管是否信息发球是要是组织如何为一为内行网络化好起始点服务当信息来源.
INFORMATION
SOURCES (Primary)
信息来源(初选)
Primary sources refer to
originators who generate first-hand information, by far the most
original but also raw and informal at times.
有时最重要来源最最请参阅产生第一手情报的创始人最原来但是也未加工和非正式.
Non-profit
organizations
非赢利的组织
These include industry
workgroups, which usually operates as virtual organizations, relying
heavily on the expertise and resources of the extended and networked
community, which includes industry experts, research fellows, staff
and members, as well as other industry associations. They join
forces of vendors and end-users to pursue market opportunities with
a common goal to make e-commerce easy, trusted and ubiquitous.
这些包括,其包含以及其它工业协会工业专家,研究伙伴,工作人员和成员的工业workgroups,其是事实上沉重信赖专门知识组织和伸出和把联网社区的资源通常运作的.他们销售商和最终用户的联合一个共同目标地从事市场机会使电子商业不成问题,依靠和普遍存在的.
A typical example is
CommerceNet Singapore (CNSG), a partner under the CommerceNet Global
Partnership Programme, which exists to provide a worldwide network of
organizations dedicated to the development of the global electronic
marketplace and to help ensure the interoperability and compatibility
of its members’ technology. CNSG site
一典型例子是CommerceNet新加坡(CNSG),一个在CommerceNet全球性伙伴关系程序下伙伴,其存在提供一对全球性电子市场的发展献身的组织的全球的网络和帮助保证可由双方共同操作和它的成员技术的兼容性的.CNSG站点
Industry
expert workgroups
工业专家workgroups
These are usually formed
by highly regarded experts in the industry from different countries,
holding conferences to share the experience and showcase the latest
technologies that can be deployed. An example is the e-commerce &
e-business track in the Internet networking (INET) annual conference
run by the Internet Society (ISOC). It is a premier event in the
Internet industry and provides an international platform for
advancing the development and implementation of Internet networks,
technologies, applications, and policies. Speakers will discuss how
e-commerce is being used in countries around the world, what national
governments are doing to promote its growth, and how specific
companies have developed exciting new EC applications. INET site
这些通常被高度评价从不同国家工业的专家形成,开会分担经验和玻璃陈列柜录制的新技术被施展.一例子是电子商务和在因特网网络化中电子生意轨迹(经过因特网社会ISOC运作INET年会).它因为予支因特网网络,技术,应用和政策的发展和工具是一在因特网工业中首位事件和规定一国际纲领.演讲人将讨论怎样电子贸易在在全世界国家中被使用,国家政府做促进它的发展什么和公司已经开发激动人心的新EC应用程序怎样特有.INET站点
Recently, Internet
Commerce for the Enterprise Conference (ICe) by IDG World Expo group
in Singapore has covered topics ranging from technology to business
issues and implications as well as the experiences of leading global
organizations in this field and attracted industry experts to
participate. (Veloo, P. 1999).
近来,为按照在新加坡中IDG世界展览会组企业会议(冰)因特网贸易已包括题目,从技术到以及经验生意在这田野和吸引工业专家方面领先于全球性组织参与涌出和含意不等.Veloo,P.1999.
Inter-government
initiatives
埋葬政府计划
Established in 1998, the
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Electronic Commerce Task
Force is a work program with key objectives to improve member
economies' understanding of the key issues arising from the
increasing use of e-commerce and its impact on the trade and economic
interests, and to develop cooperation and cooperative approaches
between economies to enable greater use of e-commerce.
把亚洲太平洋的经济上的合作(APEC)电子商务特别工作组安置在1998随着重要目标是一工作程序改进成员经济对重要问题的理解,起源于e-贸易的增加使用和它的对贸易和经济上的利益的冲击和发展在经济之间合作和合作靠近有助于e-贸易的大使用
Currently co-chaired by
Australia and Singapore, it has established a website
(http://www.dfat.gov.au/apec/ecom)
to assist in the dissemination of discussion papers by members of the
Task Force and other contributors. It serves as a contact point for
informing readers about the wide and exciting range of electronic
commerce initiatives being undertaken in APEC, and in other
organizations, governments and businesses around the globe.
现时经过澳大利亚和新加坡担任它的联合主席已建立一网站(http://www.dfat.gov.au/ap)经过特别工作组和其它贡献者的成员在讨论纸的撒播方面进行帮助.它是一接触点当作告诉读者电子商务主动性的宽阔和激动人心的范围在APEC中和在地球周围其它组织,政府和生意中被承担.
Informal
interests group
非正式利益集团
There are also other
informal interest groups that gather professionals in the fields.
One such group is Internet&Information (IandI)
(http://www.iandiasia.com),
which aims to nurture the growth of the Internet Industry in Asia by
creating a forum for professionals and entrepreneurs to exchange
information and to share their experience in an open and relaxed
atmosphere. The forum can take on various forms including seminars,
gatherings (happy hours) and discussions on the IandI web site.
Currently the members mainly come from Hong Kong and Singapore.
There is one forum in the website dedicated to Singapore and the
author has attempted to post queries regarding availability of
information service and participated in some discussions.
有也抱起在田野中专业人员的其它非正式利益集团.一个这样集团是Internet&Information(IandI)(http://www.iandiasia.com),其打算通过建立一论坛专业人员和企业家交换信息和分担他们的一开放和松弛的气氛的经验养育因特网工业的在亚洲中成长的.论坛能从事各种各样包含研究班,集会快乐时间形式和关于IandI网站的讨论.现时成员主要来自香港和新加坡.在对新加坡献身的网站中有一论坛和作者尝试张贴关于信息发球的利用的可能性问题已和参加一些讨论.
INFORMATION
SOURCES (Secondary)
信息来源(次要)
While primary information
sources are original and first person, most often they come in ‘raw’
format before any judgment and validation, and hence the importance
of using secondary information sources. Secondary sources are
usually available from reputable information agencies or publishing
firms. In the context of e-commerce, the following sources are
chosen:
在最重要信息来源的同时,原物和第一人称是最常常他们在任何判决和批准以前'未加工'格式和因此使用次要信息来源的重要性中来.次要来源通常是从声誉好的信息代理机构或者出版公司得到.在电子贸易的上下文中,下列的来源被选择:
Net
News sites that aggregate deliver the latest
happenings quickly through the internet. Examples are CNET
(http://cnet.com),
TechWeb (http://techweb.com)
and Internet.com (http://asia.internet.com).
They cover topics from evolution of technical standards to new EC
solutions sold in the market or deployed in organizations. Very
often, issues like security and impact on business practices are
reported, too.
聚集成群的网新闻地点通过因特网迅速作新事情.例子是CNET(http://cnet.com),TechWeb(http://techweb.com)和Internet.com(http://asia.internet.com).他们向在市场中出售或者在组织中部署新EC解决方案包括从技术标准的演变题目.非常常常,像安全问题和对生意练习的冲击也被报告.
IT
Magazines – nowadays most computer and internet
magazines have both hardcopy and online presence reporting the latest
use of technologies in e-commerce and issues. The major advantage is
the articles have more depth than news and a certain degree of
analysis or comments are provided. The weight of the content can be
easily demonstrated by just comparing the duration of interviews
conducted for magazines (usually hours) to news (in terms of minutes)
and the time available in producing the results. Examples are IT
Singapore and e.com asia.
信息技术杂志-如今最电脑和因特网杂志有硬拷贝和联机存在说在电子商务和问题中技术中最新用途.主要好处是文章有与新闻和某些程度的分析或者意见是提供相比更多深度.内容的重量能容易通过仅仅比较(通常几小时)为杂志带领会晤到新闻的持续时间被证明(以来衡量几分钟)和时间可用在方面产生结果.例子是信息技术新加坡和e.comasia.
Newspaper
and IT documentaries on TV --
the fact that Singapore has high IT literacy make it common for
Newspaper and Television to report news regarding e-commerce.
Examples are Strait Times Cyber news, Business Times IT sections and
TV documentaries in ChannelNewsAsia like It’s IT. These
information sources are designed for general public and thus are easy
to digest and reuse.
报纸和信息技术关于电视的文献记录片--新加坡使它变得对于报纸和电视共用报告新闻看待电子商业有高信息技术识字事实.就象它是信息技术,例子是在ChannelNewsAsia中狭窄的时代Cyber新闻,生意Times信息技术部分和电视文献记录片.这些信息来源为一般大众被设计和因此是容易消化和再使用.
INFORMATION
SOURCES (Tertiary)
信息来源(第三纪)
With the aim at deriving
knowledge from the information sources, the use of tertiary sources
is crucial as they provided in-depth analysis by expertise in
specific areas.
随着从信息来源瞄准起源知识,当他们按照在特有区域中专门知识提供深度分析时,第三的来源的使用是决定性的.
Online
databases like Lexis-Nexis, EIU, Reuters Business
Briefing, ABI/Inform and INSPEC are geared to provide wide coverage
of various aspects of current issues. These aggregators acquire
information sources from many channels and index and categorized them
before populating into gigantic databases for users to find what they
need using the corresponding information retrieval interfaces. One
who has knowledge of the arrangement of the categories and the
suitable keywords for searches will have much higher chances to
locate the relevant information.
联机数据库喜欢词汇Nexis,EIU,路透社生意情况介绍,ABI提供资料和INSPEC被用齿轮连接规定当前问题的各种各样方面的宽阔覆盖.这些aggregators获得从很多渠道和索引信息来源和以前将他们分类在居住进入为发现他们需要什么用户极大数据库使用相应的情报检索联系.人们将有找到有关信息机会要,其得到为搜索范畴和适宜关键词的安排的知识的得多高.
Research
reports from big IT consulting firms like Forrester,
GartnerGroup, IDC, META Group, Zona Research, Giga Information Group,
Frost&Sullivan are very popular and used extensively by companies
in influencing the day-to-day decisions to long-term business
strategies in IT. With the take off of e-commerce, a number of them
have started turning out reports focused on this area. Most of them
also provide fee-based searches on their reports archives or a free
search service that lead to articles that cost certain amounts to
acquire.
研究从大信息技术报道,征求公司相似Forrester,GartnerGroup,IDC,META组,Zona研究,Giga信息组的意见,Frost&Sullivan在向在信息技术中长期生意对策影响日常的决定方面是非常流行和经过公司广泛使用.用电子贸易的起飞,许多他们已开始结果是把报告集中到这个区域.他们中的绝大部分个也提供在他们的报告档案馆或者一自由搜索发球上导致花费确定数额获得的文章的基于费用的搜索.
SCOPE (by
Aspects)
(按照方面)范围
After gathering the
different information sources, the author intends to organize them in
two ways to meet different users’ needs. The first approach is
by the aspects – which part of the e-commerce puzzle a piece of
information fits in. This ensures that top-executives, operation
management, developers and legal counsels of a company will all be
able to find their cup of tea.
在加强不同信息来源之后,作者打算在两种满足不同用户需求的方式中组织他们.第一靠近是按照分开的一篇信息安排电子贸易谜的方面.这个保证一个公司的最高经理,运作管理,开发者和法律顾问将完全能发现他们的茶叶的杯子.
Information
Technology (IT)
信息技术(信息技术)
This aspect is on
evolution of the IT building blocks of e-commerce:
这方面是有关电子贸易的信息技术积木的演变:
foundation layers for
transport of transactions like the medium (e.g. telephony, broadband
cables and satellites) and the network protocols (e.g. TCP/IP, ATM)
为运输交易基础层喜欢介质(例如电话学,宽频带缆绳和卫星)和网络礼仪(例如TCP/IP,ATM)
specific hardware
(e.g. devices, client and server computers) and software (e.g.
operating systems, computing languages, DBMS, transaction systems)
components for building and running EC solutions
特有硬件(例如装置,客户和服务器电脑)和软件(操作系统冒充有艺术价值,计算语言,DBMS,交易系统)为积累和跑步EC解决方案成分
Products and services
from EC solutions providers and their directions
从EC解决方案提供者和他们的说明产品和发球
Business
processes
商务过程
This focus on the
transformation of business processes with the use of e-commerce:
这个有关生意改变焦点电子贸易的使用地列队前进:
New concepts and
mechanisms in delivering products and services (e.g. real-time
tracking of delivery services, auctions held on the Web, multimedia
distance-learning services through the Net).
在例如实时把送到产品和发球,投递的跟踪发球,用拍卖对准网,通过网使用多种媒体的远程学习发球方面新观念和机械装置.
New economies of
transactions – new definitions of a customer, new pricing
models, and how to measure the volume and profitability of
transactions.
交易的新经济-一顾客的新定义,新定价模范和怎样测量交易的容量和有利.
The blurring lines
that distinguish between the operations performed by a company’s
staff and its business partners – leading to rearrangement of
work and redefining of nature of functional units like fulfillment,
distribution and logistics.
区分经过一个公司的工作人员动手术的模糊不清线和它的带领相似实现,散发到工作的重新整理和功能单位的本质的重新解释生意伙伴和后勤学.
Other important areas
like solid management systems that enforce internal security,
disaster recovery planning as well as communication to seek
understanding from the staff on the migration to e-commerce.
其它重要地区有关向电子贸易迁移喜欢坚实的管理制度,其加强以及通讯内部安全,灾难恢复计划编制寻找从工作人员谅解的.
Legal
and Policy
法律上和政策
These are mentioned in the
earlier sections on the EC framework:
这些在有关EC框架更早期部分中被提到:
Copyright :- changes
in copyright act to protect the author’s interest as well as
encouraging a fair use by the audience.
版权:-版权的改变行动保卫作者的以及通过观众促进一公平使用利益.
Intellectual property
:- agreements on definitions of intellectual property and how to
protect them through legal framework.
知识产权有关知识产权的定义:-协议和怎样通过法律上框架保卫他们.
Taxation :- with the
potential exponential growth of e-commerce, tax is inevitable and
yet a high levy on EC transactions may hinder its growth.
e-贸易,税的潜在指数的成长地税:-是不可避免虽然如此一有关EC交易高征收额可以阻碍它的成长
SCOPE (by
Industry)
(按照工业)范围
Another dimension in
organizing the information sources is by the industry where
e-commerce is being used or has the potential. The focus will be on
the changes involved in the front-end and back-end systems as well as
corresponding business processes.
另一在组织信息来源方面尺度是按照电子贸易被使用或者有潜力的工业.焦点将是有关在以及相应的生意过程前部末端和后端系统中复杂改变
Finance
and banking which move towards services online like
internet banking and online brokerage.
向发球联机移动的财政和银行业务喜欢因特网银行业务和联机经纪业.
Retail
and trading which started selling goods online.
开始联机卖衣料的零售和贸易.
Travel
where more and more new travel sites are put up on the
web that cover weather and sightseeing information, ticket and hotel
booking, car rentals, to planning the whole itinerary of a trip –
basically all the travel needs with packaged offering at a good
bargain.
越来越新旅行地点是向上在网上放那个向计划一旅行的整个行程-基本上所有的在一个好交易方面包装给予地旅行需求包括天气和观光信息,票和饭店订票,小汽车租费的旅行.
Telecommunications
:- the merging of voice and data services, alliance with banks and
other businesses to invent new value-added services like wireless
banking and ticket booking.
电信:-声音和数据发球,像无线银行业务和票订票和银行联盟和其它想出新增值发球的职责的合并.
Manufacturing
is usually seen to have slow take-up rate but proper deployment of
e-commerce like EDI with suppliers and wholesalers may improve the
efficiency to a great extent.
通常欲有缓慢拿起速度,请参看制造业但是电子像EDI和suppliers和wholesalers的贸易的恰当展开可以在伟大程度上提高效率的价值.
SERVICES
OFFERING (as an EC information broker)
(作为一个EC信息经纪人)发球给予
With logical organizations of
the information source with user’s needs in mind, an EC
knowledge base is born. The next question is how to deliver the
right information to the respective audience. The author intends to
use a website that serves as an EC information portal. Two level of
services will be provided, the first being an EC information broker,
where the website will provide:
随着心中想着用户的需求信息来源的合乎逻辑组织,一个EC知识库被承受.下一个问题是的方法把正确通知送给各自观众.作者打算使用一个当一扇EC信息门用的网站.发球的两水平将被提供,网站将抚养的地方,首先是一EC信息做掮客:
Headline news
and articles :-
they will be organized by aspects or industry segments for ease of
users to browse through the recent developments. Headline news will
take the center stage of the home page to give quick updates to user
at a glance. Articles will be chosen on the basis of its impact in
the field and whether in-depth analysis is included.
标题新闻和文章:-他们将被方面或者工业段组织用户的安逸浏览最近发展标题新闻将上中心主页的台演讲看一眼给用户很快新的信息.在田野中和是否深度分析被包含,文章将基于它的冲击被选择.
Customer
profiling :-
users will be recommended to register for the website for free
information services. A registration form with list of options by
aspects and industry will be used to gather each user’s area of
interests, all can be updated anytime once registration has been
completed. Users who provide proper contacts will be given the
option to receive email notifications once new articles matching
their interests are posted. The notification can be a daily, weekly
or monthly digest depending of users’ preferences.
画:-用户的侧面像顾客将被推荐前往网站为自由信息发球登记.一有按照方面和工业选择余地的清单的登记表将被使用采集使人感兴趣每一用户的领域,登记一旦已经被完成,所有的就任何时候能被更新.和他们的利益相配新条款一旦是宣布,提供恰当接触的用户就将被给收到电子邮件通知的选择.通知能是一视情况而定用户偏心的每天,每周一次或者每月一次摘要.
Discussion
forum :-
experience sharing is very important in deploying EC solutions. A
set discussion forums will be setup to build a virtual EC community
and that exchange invaluable information between users and at the
same time obtain feedback to improve the level of services.
讨论论坛分担:-经验在部署EC解决方案方面是非常重要.一装置得到反馈提高发球的水平的价值,讨论论坛将是组织建立一个事实上EC社会和那个在用户之间和同时交换非常宝贵信息的.
Contact
databases :-
nobody can do a business as a ‘lone-ranger’, a contact
databases will be available to members who are willing to provide
more details on their background and interests. This may evolve into
a ‘matching service’ for potential business ventures into
e-commerce.
和数据库:-联系没有人能当一个'孤零零王室护林官',一接触数据库意愿是成员可用,其是愿意的提供有关他们的背景和利益更多细节的时,做一生意.这个可以逐步发展成为一为变为电子贸易潜在商业冒险'相配发球'.
Events
calendar :-
one way to get the most updates of the latest use of e-commerce is
to attend exhibitions where companies showcases their products and
solutions. A user-friendly calendar will be set up to track the
upcoming events as well as links to the related websites for further
information.
事件日历:-一种得到的更新的方式是要出席展览在那里公司玻璃陈列柜他们的产品和溶液中最最中最新使用电子贸易.一用户友好日历将被建立为进一步信息跟踪以及向相关websites联系将来到的事件.
SERVICES
OFFERING (as an EC consultant)
(作为一个EC顾问)发球给予
After building up a
recognized presence as an e-commerce information portal, the second
level of service is to provide high-margin consulting services for
the clients who are willing to pay for the author’s expertise.
The strategic consulting will follow some practice in business
intelligence to:
在建设一作为一扇电子贸易信息门承认存在之后,发球的第二水平是要为是愿意的为作者的专门知识付出代价的客户提供高边缘一起商议服务.战略上一起商议意愿向前根据一些在生意智力中惯例行事:
Provide a
comprehensive map of state of development
提供一发展的状态的全面图
Based on the client’s
background and client interview, conduct customized searches on the
knowledge base in place to produce a comprehensive map that fit the
requirements. For instance, a manager responsible for deploying EC
solutions in a shipping companies may engage for a expert search
service to locate the different components required, estimated cost
and for building and running and the risk involved.
把行为建立在客户的背景和客户会晤的基础上按顾客的具体要求制造有关在生产一适合要求的全面地图的地方中知识库搜索.例如一个经理对部署EC在一运送中的溶液负责估计公司可以担保一熟练搜索发球找到要求不同成分花费和因为积累和跑步和风险涉及
Comparing and
benchmarking against international development
被比较反对国际新闻发展和基准
The world is getting
‘smaller and closer’ and global competition is no longer a
distant vision. Companies have to keep up with competitors
worldwide in exploring the power of e-commerce. A comparative
analysis can be tailored to the client’s industry in the wise
use of e-commerce against other countries.
世界变得越来越'更小和更'密切和全球性竞争不是长时间一远处视力.公司必须在探查电子贸易的力量方面在全世界跟上竞争者.一个比较分析能被使适合客户的在聪明电子对着其它国家贸易的使用工业.
Charting
paths and stages towards desirable outcomes
绘制向符合愿望结果通道和舞台的海域图
This refers to in-depth
understanding of a client’s business and facilitates the use of
e-commerce to improve the overall performance or attain specific
goals. This will take a high leverage on the knowledge base and
the contacts obtained from the EC community to complete the puzzle of
deploying e-commerce.
这个请参阅深入对一个客户的生意的理解和便于电子贸易的改进总表现或者达到明确目标使用.这个将把一高杠杆作用带到有关知识库和接触,从完成谜部署电子贸易的EC社区得到.
RESOURCES
REQUIREMENTS
资源要求
Every information service has
their unique requirements. The following will be pre-requisites for
setting up the monitoring information service:
每一个信息发球接受他们的独一无二要求.下列的将是因为建立监控信息发球先决条件:
IT
resources
信息技术资源
These include the servers and
software for hosting the website, knowledge management tools like
Lotus Notes for building the knowledge base and enable email
notifications, registration, discussion forums and other
communications needs with clients.
这些因为主持网站包含服务器和软件,和客户,知识管理工具因为建立知识库喜欢莲花公司Notes和有助于电子邮件通知,登记,讨论论坛和其它通讯需求.
IT, IS and
business management skills
它是和商务管理技能
The call for IT skills in
maintaining the ‘hardware’ portion of service and strong
business skills in sustaining a venture are trivial. Moreover, due
to the need to organize information sources strategically to fit
users’ needs, strong information science (IS) skills are
critical for the success of this service.
召唤信息技术保持发球的'硬件'部分的技能和强烈生意使一冒险维持的技能是琐碎.此外,需要在战略上组织信息来源适合用户需求,强烈情报学(是)由于技能对于这发球的成功是关键.
Contacts
接触
This refers to the available
professional contacts where the author can draw on their expertise in
setting up this service and maintain long-term relationships to
expand the network of contacts.
这个请参阅可用内行接触,其作者能鼓励他们的在建立这发球方面专门知识和保持长期关系膨胀接触的网络的.
Capital
首都
No business can start
without capitals. Funding will be allocated not just to IT
infrastructure but also the potential high costs in obtaining and
processing the information sources.
没有生意能没有大写字母开始.资助将不仅仅被分配给信息技术基础但是也潜在高度在得到信息来源和加工方面估计成本.
SWOT ANALYSIS
努力学习分析
Before any detail planning
for an actual service, a preliminary SWOT (Strength, Weakness,
Opportunities, Threats) analysis is performed and the results are
illustrated in the table below:
在任何为一真实发球,一准备性努力学习(力量,虚弱,机会,威胁)细节计划编制以前分析被履行在下面表中和结果被说明:
STRENGTH
|
|
|
|
|
CONCLUSION
结论
This reports explores the
available information sources on e-commerce for setting up a
strategic tracking service. While the market looks promising, the
author still find it not feasible to venture into this area, the
reason being the constraint of limited resources and capability in
building a sizable professional network which are all crucial for
sustaining or growing the service. However, this report may be
useful for companies or information agencies that intend to open a
new service or function that leverage on their existing contacts,
resources and infrastructures.
这个报告因为落下向上探查有关电子贸易可用信息来源一战略上跟踪发球.在市场看起来有前途的的同时,作者仍然发现它并非可行冒险进入这个区域,是因为继续或者长出服务决定性的所有的是有限资源的约束理由和在建立一相当大内行网络方面才能.但是,这份报告可以是对于打算的公司或者信息代理机构有用打开在他们的存在上杠杆作用和一新发球或者功能联系的,资源和基础.
REFERENCES
参考资料
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APPENDIX
附录
List of websites referenced:
websites的推荐清单:
FastTrack on
S-ONE (http://infobase.s-one.net.sg
)
在S一(http://infobase.s-one.net)上FastTrack
CNET
(http://cnet.com)
CNET(http://cnet.com)
CNET
Singapore (http://singapore.cnet.com)
CNET新加坡(http://singapore.cnet.com)
TechWeb
(http://techweb.com)
TechWeb(http://techweb.com)
Internet.com
(http://asia.internet.com)
Internet.com(http://asia.internet.com)
Channel News
Asia (http://channelnewsasia.com)
输送消息亚洲(http://channelnewsasia.co)
APEC EC
website (http://www.dfat.gov.au/apec/ecom)
APECEC网站(http://www.dfat.gov.au/ap)
Internet&Information
(IandI) (http://www.iandiasia.com)
Internet&Information(IandI)(http://www.iandiasia.com)
CommerceNet
(http://www.commerce.net)
CommerceNet(http://www.commerce.net)
CommerceNet
Singapore (http://cnsg.com.sg)
CommerceNet新加坡(http://cnsg.com.sg)
INET’99
(http://www.isoc.org/inet99/proceedings/inet.htm)
INET'99(http://www.isoc.org/inet9)
Strait Times
(http://straitstimes.asia1.com)
狭窄的Times(http://straitstimes.asia1)