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| In Linux softwares are in the form of RPM files.RPM stands for RedHat Pakage Manager.RPM pakages typically have file name such as "some_pakage-2.0-1.i386.rpm"Pakages are Installed in Linux either by GUI (like GnoRpm) or CLI (using rmp command). |
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GUI(window based) |
| Select "Program->System->GnoRpm" ,you will get a Window with various menus and Buttons.Click on the Appropriate Button to Install , verify,uninstall etc.. |
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CLI(command line based) |
| You perform following Opertions from the command line. Installing Upgrading Freshening Uninstalling Querying Diagnosing the RPM pakages. |
| Installation |
| The general form for installing pakage with rpm command is #rpm -i[install-options] <pakage_file> Example: #rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms ####################################################### In the example xmms is the pakage with version 2.3 release 2 for intel platform is being installed. -v stands for verify option -h stands for option is used to print # mark as the is being installed. Common Installation Error and its Diagnostics Insuficient DISK space Example: #rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm error: installing pakage xmms-2.3-2 needs 1234k on the / filesystem Solution: Remove some unwanted files to free space. Pakage Already Installed #rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm error : pakage xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm is already installed. Note:if u really want to installed this pakage u can use the folling command #rpm -ivh --replacepkgs /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms ####################################################### Comman Files some pakages share common files if attempt to install a pakage containing a file that is already being installed by another u get the folling error: #rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms /usr/bin/xmms conflicts with the file from bcd-2.0-2 error: xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm cannot be installed. Note:if u really want to installed this pakage u can use the folling command #rpm -ivh --replacefiles /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms ####################################################### Unresolved Dependency Some pakages depend upon another pakage and if u want to install the recquied pakage u have to install all the pakages on which it is dependent.If u dont do this and and try to install this pakage rpm will issue an unresolved dependency error Example #rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm error: failed dependencies: zlib.1.0 is needed by xmms-2.3-2 Solution if u get this error u must first install the required dependent pakages. If u want to force the installation anyway, use command #rpm -ivh --nodeps /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm Caution:-If u use this option there is high possibilities that the pakage will not function properly. |
| Upgrading Pakages |
| It is used to upgrade a pakage to next higer version.If earlier version is not installed it will simply install it. Example #rpm -Uvh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms ####################################################### -U means to Upgrade Pakages. Note:- If the latest version is already there then u will get error like #rpm -Uvh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms pakage xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm is already installed (which is newer) error: xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm cannot be installed. Note: If u really want to install some or the other use the folling command #rpm -Uvh --oldpakage /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm xmms ####################################################### |
| Freshening a Pakage |
| It is just like upgrading a pakage but it works only if the earlier version is present. example #rpm -Fvh /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm Note:- u can use wildcard also example #rpm -Fvh *.rpm |
| Uninstalling Pakages |
| To uninstall a pakage use command #rpm -e <pakage-name> Note:-U don't need to specify the fullname of the rpm file.Just specify the name of the pakage. example #rpm -e xmms The command will remove xmms from your machine. Dependency Issue As while installing Pakages, there can be unresolved dependency problem while uninstalling. Example #rpm -e xmms error: removing tis pakage would break the dependencies: xmms is needed by mpeg-2.0-1 Note: To forcefully uninstall use command #rpm -e --nodeps xmms It is not advisable to use this option as the pakages that depend on the pakage you uninstall will not work properly |
| Querying Pakages |
| U can query a pakage wheather it is installed on your machine or not by command #rpm -q xmms xmms-2.3-2 Note:-If u dont get any output means the pakage is not installed. Following command Queries all the installed pakages. #rpm -a |
| Diagnosing with RPM |
| Suppose u want to get detailed information about a pakage. Issue command #rpm -qip xmms-2.3-2.i386.rpm The OutPut of the command contains detailed info of the pakage. Suppose u want to get location of help files of a command #rpm -qdf /usr/bin/eject /usr/doc/eject-2.0.2/COPYING /usr/doc/eject-2.0.2/ReadMe /usr/man/man/eject |
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