THE ORIGIN OF CRUDE OIL
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Millions of years ago,large amounts of dead micro-organisms accomulated at river mouth
and on lakes.
The micro-organisms didn`t completely decompose because there wasn´t enough oxygen in
the water.
Later sediments covered them.
Crude oil comes from that organic matter.Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules.
DISTILLATION
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Oilis a mixture of different molecules. If we separate them we obtain different products.
This molecules are chains of carbon atoms linked together.
To separate molecules of different lengths, we pass oil through a hot pipe.
As the oil gets hot, the lighter molecules evaporate and exit the pipe.
As the oil get hotter, longer (and heavier) molecules evaporate, and only the heaviest molecules exit at the end of the pipe.
Chains of five to seven carbons evaporates first. They are the liquid called naphthas. We use them as paint solvents and other
quick-drinking products.
COMPOSITION OF CRUDE OIL
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• Light ends • Kerosene
• Light naphthelene • Light gasoil
• Medium naphta • PGO
• Heavy naphta • Residual